基础英语试题

FINAL EXAMINATION

An Integrated English for English Majors

(Term 4) Test 10

Ⅰ. Vocabulary (10%)

Add the missing letters according to each of the definitions:

1.T_____________: enter someone’s land or p roperty without permission

2.M_____________: say something in a low, or barely audible voice

3.L______________: express regret or disappointment over something

considered unsatisfactory, unreasonable or unfair

4.G______________: satisfaction; pleasure

5.O______________: a world in which someone can do anything or go

anywhere that he wants to

6.W______________: unhappy; terrible

7.M______________: make a long, low sound expressing physical or mental

suffering

8.S_______________: harmful or evil

9.P_______________: represent (a quality or concept) by a figure in human

form

10.O______________: have a higher opinion of (someone or something) than

is deserved

11.H______________: exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be

taken literally

12.R______________: deprivation or restriction of personal liberty or

freedom of movement

13.G______________: a feeling of resentment over something believed to

be wrong or unfair

14.S______________: violently break (something) into pieces

15.D______________: a sunken place or hollow on surface

16.D______________: break apart; interrupt by causing a disturbance or

problem

17.C______________: a thing which is created skillfully and inventively

to serve a particular purpose

18.E______________: action of compelling observance of or compliance with

(a law, rule, or obligation)

19.S______________: a person or ting acting or serving in place of another

20.W_____________: lament or complain persistently or bitterly

II. Choose the word that best fits the blank in each sentence. (10%) 1. With the success of experiments on vaccine against some forms of

cancer, the research group has been ______ itself up for the

furtherance of research in this field.

A. preparing

B. equipping

C. framing

D. gearing

2. Diana stil l remembers looking out from her parents’ house in Denver

to a(n) _______ panorama of blue-rimmed mountains.

A. imposing

B. spectacular

C. grand

D. dazzling

3. Some women had to tolerate their husbands’ ______ because they

depended completely on their money.

A. disguise

B. behavior

C. inequality

D. infidelity

4. The incredible precision of the equipment is _______ to the mechanical

skill of the engineers who built it.

A. evidence

B. symbol

C. attribute

D. testimony

5. Chomsky’s book on the relation between language and thought is

_______ Psychology and Ideology.

A. dubbed

B. christened

C. entitled

D. nicknamed

6. City workers and volunteers are working _____ to put out the big fire

which has been burning for three days.

A. happily

B. feverishly

C. delightedly

passionately

7. With the exception of one _____ performance, this film is really a

good example in the field of movie production.

A. severe

B. dreadful

C. grievous

D. grave

8. A computer system will enable victims of violent crimes and their

families to track the whereabouts of their attackers and the ______ of their cases in the justice system.

A. location

B. posture

C. status

stance

9. The campaign for a boycott of petrol stations comes just weeks after

motorists in another region took to the streets to ______ their anger over rocketing fuel costs.

A. vent

B. declare

C. utter

D. shout

10. After the fifth year enactment of the law, the organization will

_____ the incidence of daily use of tobacco products by those under

18 years of age.

A. decide

B. value

C. calculate

D. count

III. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form. (10%)

at the expense of prior to g ive … pause to think take advantage of

be available for in earnest for the better be confronted with

come into existence brand with

1.John’s mind is always full of fantasies. He dreams of changing the

world _________.

2.Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar, but only ________ his health.

3.The corporation was determined to push forward the policy of reform,

but the new system __________ great difficulties at the start.

4.In order to gain the utmost amount of benefit, this corporation

__________ the exceptional opportunities open in exports.

5.It presented in satirical terms points made ________ by catholic

writers, which proved be a great success.

6.Two tennis courts and a swimming pool _________ the regular members

of the club, but the season tickets are only valid for three months.

7.According to the Federal Bureau of Inspection, a man seen hanging

around the area ________ the shooting could have been involved in the assassination of the President.

8.An opposition statesman said he hoped the agreement ________ them

_________ about the futility of violence.

9.The old man’s face ________ the lines of pressure and exhaustion that

have accumulated over the years.

10.The company actually _________ in 1945 in the war-demolished city of

London with the fund of the commonwealth.

IV. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word. (10%)

Hiroshima was the primary target of the first atomic bomb mission. The mission (1)_______ smoothly in every respect. The weather was good, and the crew and equipment functioned perfectly. (2)_______ every detail, the attack was carried out exactly as planned, and bomb performed exactly (3)_______ expected.

The bomb exploded over Hiroshima at 8:15 on the morning of August 6, 1945. about an hour previously, the Japanese early warning radar net had detected the approach of some American aircraft headed (4)_______ the southern part of Japan. The alert had been given and radio broadcasting stopped in many cities, (5)______ them Hiroshima. The planes approached

the coast at a very high altitude. At nearly 8:00 ., the radar operator in Hiroshima determined that the (6)________ of planes coming in was very small—probably not more than three—and the air raid alert was lifted. The normal radio broadcast warning was given to the people (7)______ it might be advisable to go to shelter if B-29s were actually sighted, but no raid was expected beyond some sort of reconnaissance. At 8:15 ., the bomb exploded (8)________ a blinding flash in the sky, and a great rush of air and a loud rumble of noise extended for many miles around the city; the first blast was soon (9)_______ by the sounds of falling buildings and of growing fires, and a great cloud of dust and smoke began to cast a pall of darkness (10)______ the city.

V. Explain the underlined parts briefly in English (10%)

1.By the end of the conference, most the representatives had been

persuaded to support the idea of using new technology in environment protection.

2.The lifeguards placed a strip of cloth around the man’s leg, stemming

the large amount of bleeding.

3.He would pull endless wires in order to meet some man who admired his

work and was able and anxious to be of use to him …

4.Not for a single moment did he ever compromise with what he believed,

with what he dreamed.

5.The use of mechanical refrigerators became widespread in the United

States in the 1920’s.

6.Could we go out tomorrow night instead I’d rather have a quiet evening

in tonight.

7.Yet the bombing of Nagasaki is in the certain respects the fitter symbol

of the nuclear danger that still hangs over us.

8.… although every intact city is different from every other, all cities

that suffer nuclear destruction will look much the same.

9.At the same time they maintain the pointless frenzy of their work hours

in their hours off.

10.These windows are a scandal because they endanger the lives of office

workers in case of fire.

Ⅵ. Translation (20%)

A. From English to Chinese (10%)

In the late 1960’s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.

Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper

office space in New York City demand daily for electricity by 120,000 kilowatts—enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York for a day.

Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The beat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on beating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glade panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat again.

B. From Chinese to English, using the words or phrases given in the

brackets.(10%)

1.他被警方收买，暗中监视恐怖分子的活动。(spy on)

2.总有一天他们会接受这个残酷的现实的。(in time)

3.他当众重复了他私下说过的话。(in public)

4.建立一个充满生机和爱意的家庭需要全家人的共同努力。(vibrant with)

5.他走路的样子使我想起他父亲也是这样走路的。(remind of)

6.我把日期搞错了，所以到达的日期不对了。(mix up)

7.一个美好的假日会使你精神振奋。(buck up)

8.他敬了一个礼，一个转身冲出门去。(spin round)

9.我给你一周的时间把你手下的人都整顿好，然后我希望一切都顺利运转。

(sort out)

10.每逢我们搬迁新居，总是有许多东西舍不得丢弃。(cling to)

VII. Reading comprehension (20%)

Passage 1

“When more and more people are thrown out of work, unemployment results,” Calvin Coolidge once observed. As the U. S. economy crumbles, Coolidge’s silly maxim might appea r to be as apt as ever: the number of unemployment insurance claims is rising, and overall joblessness is creeping upward. But in today’s vast and complex labor market, things aren’t always what they seem. More and more people are indeed losing their jobs but not necessarily because the economy appears to be in recession. And old-fashioned unemployment isn’t the inevitable result of job loss. New work, at less pay, often is.

Call it new-wave unemployment: structural changes in the economy are overlapping the business downturn, giving joblessness a grim new twist. Small wonder that the U. S. unemployment rate is rising. Now at percent, it is widely expected to edge toward 7 percent by the end of next year. But statistics alone can’t fully capture a complex r eality. The unemployment rate has been held down by slow growth in the labor force—the number of people working or looking for work—since few people sense attractive job opportunities in a weak economy. In addition, many more people are losing their jobs than are actually ending up unemployed. Faced

with hungry mouths to feed, thousands of women, for example, are taking two or more part-time positions or agreeing to shave the hours they work in service-sector jobs. For better and for worse, work in America clearly isn’t what it used to be. Now unemployment isn’t, either.

Like sour old wine in new bottles, this downturn blends a little of the old and the new reflecting a decade’s worth of change in the dynamic U. S. economy. Yet, in many respects the decline is following the classic pattern, with new layoffs concentrated among blue-collar workers in the most “cyclical” (循环的) industries, whose ups and downs track the economy most closely.

As the downturn attracts attention on workers-ill fortunes, some analysts predict that political upheaval (动乱) may lie ahead. Real wages for the average U. S. worker peaked in 1973 and have been falling almost ever since. As a result, a growing group of downwardly mobile Americans could soon begin pressing policymakers to help produce better-paying jobs. Just how loud the outcry becomes will depend partly on the course of the recession. But in the long run, there’s little doubt that the bleak outlook for jobs and joblessness is “politically, socially and psychologically dynamite (具有爆炸性的)”.

1. Why does the author refer to Coolidge’s maxim as silly

A) More and more people are applying for unemployment insurance.

B) Unemployment rate is not likely to rise quickly nowadays.

C) Losing jobs doesn’t necessarily lead to unemployment.

D) Today’s labor market is much too complicated than Coolidge’s time.

2. According to the passage, the unemployment rate has been kept under limits because .

A) the number of the people in the work force slowly increases

B) very few people really lose their original jobs

C) less and less people are out finding new jobs

D) the government has taken strong measures to control the unemployment rate

3. According to the passage, under the great pressure of life, many women .

A) will do a part-time job along with the full-time job

B) would rather stay at home than apply for a part-time position

C) would be fired if they can not finish the job quickly

D) will agree to have their working hours shortened if required

4. The present downturn is similar to traditional ones in that .

A) we can never predict which way the economy will head

B) the economic prospects have been unfavorable for 10 years

C) the government has done relatively little to intervene the market

D) physical laborers are the chief victims of the economic decline

5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph

A) Blue-collar workers are given less and less wages in recent years.

B) The unemployment problem may lead to serious social problems.

C) The unemployment problem will probably become less serious in no time.

D) The government will create more jobs with better pay in the near future.

Passage 2

People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.

First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.

Next the thinker must define the problem.Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.

Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions.For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.

After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels;buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.

Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way.Sam,for example,suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖)between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem:

he must clean the gear wheels.

Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly.In short, he has solved the problem.

6. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except ____.

A) recognize and define the problem

B) look for information to make the problem clearer

C) have suggestions for a possible solution

D) find a solution by trial or mistake

7. By referring to Sam’s broken bicycle, the author intends to ____.

A) illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle

B) discuss the problems of his bicycle

C) tell us how to solve a problem

D) show us how to analyze a problem

8. Which of the following is NOT true

A) People do not analyze the problem they meet.

B)People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.

C) People may learn from their past experience

D) People cannot solve some problems they meet.

9. As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short”means ____.

A) in the long run B) in detail C) in a word

D) in the end

10. What is the best title for this passage

A) Six Stages for Repairing Sam’s Bicycle.

B) Possible Ways to Problem-solving.

C) Necessities of Problem Analysis.

D) Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem.

Passage 3

Stone tools,animal bones and an incised mammoth tusk found in Russia’s frigid far north have provided what archaeologists say is the first evidence that modern humans or Neanderthals lived in the Arctic more than 30,000 years ago, at least 15,000 years earlier than previously thought.

A team of Russian and Norwegian archaeologists, describing the discovery in today’s issue of the journal Nature, said the campsite, at Mamontovaya Kurya, on the Ura River at the Arctic Circle,was the“oldest documented evidence for human presence at this high latitude. ”Digging in the bed of an old river channel close to the Ural Mountains,the team uncovered123mammal bones,including horse, reindeer and wolf. “The most important find,”they said,was a four-foot mammoth tusk with grooves made by chopping with a sharp stone edge, “unequivocally the work of humans.”The tusk was carbon-dated at about 36,600 years old. Plant remains found among the artifacts were dated at 30,000 to 31,000 years.

Other archaeologists said the analysis appeared to be sound.But they cautioned that it was difficult,when dealing with riverbed deposits,to be sure that artifacts had not become jumbled out of their true place, and thus time,in the geologic layers.They questioned whether the discoverers could reliably conclude that the stone tools were in fact contemporary with the bones.But in a commentary accompanying the article,Dr.John A.J.Gowlett of the University of Liverpool in England wrote, “Although there are questions to be answered, the artifacts illustrate both the capacity of early humans to do the unexpected,and the value of archaeologists’researching in unlikely areas.”

The discoverers said they could not determine from the few stone artifacts whether the site was occupied by Neanderthals, hominids who by then had a long history as

hunters in Europe and western Asia, or some of the first anatomically modern humans to reach Europe.

In any case, other archaeologists said, the findings could be significant.

If these toolmakers were Neanderthals,the findings suggested that these human relatives,who became extinct after 30,000 years ago, were more capable and adaptable than they are generally given credit for. Living in the Arctic climate presumably required higher levels of technology and social organization.

If they were modern humans,then the surprise is that they had penetrated so far north in such a short time. There has been no firm evidence for modern humans in Europe before about 35,000 years ago. It had generally been thought that the northernmost part of Eurasia was not occupied by humans until the final stage of the last ice age,some 13,000 to 14,000 years ago, when the world’s climate began to moderate.Dr.Gowlett said the new findings indicated that the Arctic region of European Russia was extremely cold but relatively dry and ice-free more than 30,000 years ago.

11. What is the significance of the discovery

A) It shows that modern humans lived in the Arctic more than 3,000 years ago.

B) It shows that Neanderthals lived in the Arctic more than 3,000 years ago.

C)It shows the oldest documented evidence for human presence at such high latitude.

D) It shows human could use tools 30,000 years ago.

12. Why the team believed that the four-foot mammoth tusk was the most important find

A) Because it was the longest tusk ever found.

B) Because there were signs left by human’s tools on it.

C) Because there were grooves on it.

D) Because there are not any mammoth tusk all over the world.

13. When did the Neanderthals extinct

A) More than 30,000 years ago. B) After 30,000 years ago.

C) Before about 35,000 years ago. D) Some 13,000 to 14,000 years ago.

14. Who were those toolmakers

A)Neanderthals. B) Modern humans C) Archaeologists. D)Not

determined.

15.What’s the weather like in the Arctic region of European Russia more than 30,000 years ago

A) Moderate temperature, relatively dry and ice-free.

B) Extremely cold, relatively dry and ice-free.

C) Extremely cold, plenty of raining and ice-free.

D) Extremely cold, relatively dry and ice frosted.

Passage 4

After watching my mother deal with our family of five, I can’t understand why her answer to the question, “What do you do”is always, “Oh, I’m just a housewife.”JUST a housewife”Anyone who spends most of her time in meal preparation and cleanup, washing and drying clothes, keeping the house clean, leading a scout troop, playing taxi driver to us kids when it’s time for school, music lessons or the dentist, doing volunteer work for her favorite charity, and making sure that all our family needs are met is not JUST a housewife. She’s the real Wonder Woman.

Why is it that so many mothers like mine think of themselves as second-class or something similar Where has this notion come from Have we males made them feel this way Has our society made “going to work”outside the home seem more important than what a housewife must face each day

I would be very curious to see what would happen if a housewife went on strike. Dishes would pile up. Food in the house would run out. No meals would appear on the table. There would be no clean clothes when needed.High boots would be required just to make it through the house scattered with garbage. Walking and bus riding would increase. Those scout troops would have to break up. Charities would suffer.

I doubt if the man of the house would be able to take over. Oh, he might start out with the attitude that he can do just as good a job, but how long would that last Not long, once he had to come home each night after work to more household duties.There would be no more coming home to a prepared meal;he’d have to fix it himself. The kids would all be screaming for something to

eat, clean clothes and more bus fare money. Once he quieted the kids, he’d have to clean the house, go shopping, make sure that kids got a bath, and fix lunches for the next day. Once the kids were down for the night, he might be able to crawl into an unmade bed and try to read the morning newspaper.

No, I don’t think many males are going to volunteer for the job. I know I don’t want it. So, thanks, mom! I’ll do what I can to create a national holiday for housewives. It could be appropriately called Wonder Woman Day.

16. By what means do the children of the author’s family go to school

A)They take school bus.

B)They take a taxi.

C)Their mother drives for them.

D)Scout troop sends them to school.

17.If a housewife went on strike,which one of the following statements is NOT true

A) Children would scream for something to eat.

B) No meals would appear on the table.

C) The scout troops would have a wonderful time.

D) The man of the house wouldn’t be able to take over.

18. In the author’s opinion, ____.

A) many males are going to volunteer for housewives’work

B)housewives deserve a national holiday named Wonder Woman Day

C) the man of the house would be able to take over the housewives’work

D)housewives are second-class citizens or something similar

19. The author’s attitude toward housewives’work is ____.

A)critical B)indifferent C)ironical D) appreciative

20. The main idea of the passage is about ____.

A) housewives, the wonder women

B) what would happen if housewives went on strike

C) the replacement of women by men as housewives

D) the setting up of a national holiday for housewives

VIII. Writing (10%)

Topic：Is Money Everything

Requirements: You are to write in three parts.

In the first part, state your point of view.

In the second part, explain your position with specific reasons(supporting details).

In the third part, bring what you’ve written to a natural conclusion.

Grading standards:

a.title—2

https://www.360docs.net/doc/bb12217902.html,anization(introduction—thesis, paragraphs, conclusion)—2

c.content—2

https://www.360docs.net/doc/bb12217902.html,nguage(choice of words, sentence structure, cohesive devices)—2

e.mechanics(punctuation, capital letters)—2

【英语】中考英语完形填空练习题基础、提高、难题_汇总(含答案)1

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