高考英语虚拟语气知识点专项训练

一、选择题

1．Don't you think it is time you ______ the plan?It is_______ the managers wanted to

see________ soon.

A．set out discussing; that ;to be carried out

B．should set about discussing; that ; to carry out

C．should set out to discuss ;what; to be carried out

D．set about discussing, what; carried out

2．Had electronic computers not been invented, many problems of space flight .

A．could not have solved B．could not be solved

C．can not have been solved D．could not have been solved

3．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on.

A．shall B．should

C．can D．may

4．I ______ to you at that time, but I didn’t know where you lived.

A．had written B．wrote

C．would write D．would have written

5．It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made.

A．is not started B．will not be started

C．not be started D．is not to be started

6．We require the thief _________ into prison.

A．refers to being put B．referred to be put

C．refer to being put D．referred should be put

7．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead.

A．were it not for B．if there being no

C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for

8．They both look as if they ______ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.

A．are B．were C．have been D．had been

9．She looks as if she _____ ten years younger.

A．is B．was C．were D．had been

10．Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old. A．was B．be

C．were D．is

11．Yesterday, Jane walked away from the heated discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something arbitrary that she would regret forever.

A．must have said B．said C．might say D．might have said 12．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be

C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be

13．—I’m sorry. I________to your birthday party if……

—Forget it. I know you were in Shanghai on business then.

A．had come B．would have come C．needn’t have come D．came

14．The teacher made a request that all the homework ________ before class.

A．should hand in B．must be handed in

C．be handed in D．were handed in

15．I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it.

A．handed; didn’t steal B．hand; hadn’t stolen

C．hand; not steal D．handed; hadn’t stolen

16．—Would you mind if I ______ the window?

—Not at all. In fact, I was going to suggest you ______ it.

A．open; did B．opened; to do C．open; doing D．opened; do 17．Dr. Hoffman insisted that the weight-loss pills _____ harmful and that they _____. A．were; should not take B．be; are not taken

C．were; not be take n D．are; are not taken

18．We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ________more places of interest yesterday.

A．visited B．had visited

C．would visit D．would have visited

19．His expression suggested that he ____the invitation and he suggested full preparations _____. A．had accepted; would be made B．accepted; be made

C．has accepted; make D．had accepted; be made

20．I’m sorry, but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _____and ______the project again.

A．seated , discuss about B．were seated ,discussed

C．are seated, discuss D．seats ,are discussing

21．—How I wish I __________ fly to the moon!

—Really? That would be great.

A．can B．may C．should D．could

22．It is highly recommended that the general public________one-metre social distance to avoid any possible risk of getting infected.

A．keep B．will keep C．must keep D．keeps

23．________, the damage would be incalculable.

A．Should such a disaster occur B．If such a disaster had occurred

C．Had such a disaster occurred D．If such a disaster should be occurred 24．The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay.

A．desire; are sent B．desiring; were sent

C．desire; be sent D．desiring; be sent

25．His suggestion that she ________ in his home suggested he ________ very warm-hearted.

A．would stay; was B．stayed; be

C．should stay; be D．stay; was

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意：你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗？这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语set about doing sth.“开始做某事”，故第一空应填set about discussing；第二空为表语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事情，故应用what；第三空分析句子结构可知carry out在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语plan构成被动关系，故用过去分词carried out。故选D。

【点睛】

It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气

从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如：

I think it's time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。

It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我们该走了。

I think it’s time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。

注：time前有时有about和high修饰：

I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。

与其他的虚拟结构不同，该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were。如：

It's time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)

2．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟条件句。句意：如果没有电子计算机的发明，许多太空飞行的问题是不可能解决的。本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，如果含有“were，should，had”时，可省去if而将“were，should，had”置于句首，构成倒装句。本句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。所以主句为：sb would/could/might/should have done。从句谓语动词为： had done。故D选项正确。

【点睛】

If虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：

句为：sb had done。故D选项正确。

3．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：政府的要求是，从2019年1月1日起，市民不得燃放烟花爆竹。当requirement等名词后接表语从句时，从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式来构成虚拟语气，故选B。

4．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：那时我本想给你写信的，但我不知道你住在哪里。根据后文but I didn’t know where you lived可知“我”并没有写信，短语would have done“本应该做但实际没有做”，表示对过去事实的假设。故选D。

5．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：建议在所有的准备工作完成之前不要开始这个项目。英语中表示"建议、要求、命令"的词与名词性从句连用，recommend 与名词性从句中连用时从句中的动词用"should+动词原形"，should 可以省略，本句动词recommend 表示"建议"，that引导了主语从句，所以本题答案是C。

6．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：我们要求所提到的那个小偷应该被关进监狱。分析句子成分，referred to 为后置定语，修饰 the thief，因两者构成被动关系，故使用动词的过去分词，即 referred to，故排除A、C选项；require意为“需要,要求",后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句：谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。且the thief 与 put into prison 构成被动关系，故选用被动语态，即 the thief (should) be put into prison，综上，故选B。【点睛】

后接虚拟语气的常见词

1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。

例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.

She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.

2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：

It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.

Their decision was that the school remain closed.

3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。

7．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：研究表明，要是在组织环境上没有接受女性的历史障碍，这个公司的发展将会远远在前面。宾语从句中嵌套了一个虚拟语气的条件状语从句。由主句中的“would already be”可知这是一个虚拟语气的句子，根据句意，可以是对现在情况的虚拟也可以是对过去的虚拟。如果是对现在的虚拟，虚拟语气部分可翻译为if it weren’t for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。如果是对过去的虚拟，虚拟语气部分翻译为if it had not been for the historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments。首先虚拟语气中不可以用is，必须用were，排除D。如果选B，从句中就会缺少谓语动词。所以这题还考查虚拟语气的省略。当if省略时，将were或had提前，其它成份顺序不变，就分别变为Were it not for/ Had it not been for。故选A。【点睛】

if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种：(1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, could, might) +

have + 过去分词”。 (2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用

“should(would, could, might) + 动词原形”。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had, should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。这时，如果出现not等否定词时需放在主语后面。本题中我们就是从主句先判断出这句话使用虚拟语气，再根据句意判断是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟。最后考虑倒装的形式是否正确。从形式上看，选项BD都是错误的，从倒装格式上看，选项C不正确，故选A。具体分析见详解。

8．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：他们俩谈心之后，看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境，as if引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词look可知，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选B。

9．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：她看起来好像年轻了十岁。分析句子，此处为虚拟语气，她看起来年轻十岁与现在事实相反，主句用一般过去时，be动词都用were，故选C项。

10．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。recommend表示“建议；主张”后接从句，要用should do（should可省）的虚拟语气。故选B。

11．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天Jane离开了那场热烈的讨论，否则她可能会说一些让她永远遗憾的武断的话。otherwise在此相当于if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，所以主句要用should/would/could/might+have done。故选D。

12．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意：为了避免受到影响，这个学生坚持要求他应该和他非常淘气的同桌分开。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，与逻辑主语the student为被动关系，故用被动语态avoid being done。根据句意，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语，故用不定式作目的状语。第二空动词insist为“坚持要求”之意，后接从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。故选A。

【点睛】

insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况：

1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”，且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况，此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。如：He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。2）如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”，即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生，此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气，构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。如：He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.

3）此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气，即he be separated... = he should be separated...

13．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

查虚拟语气。句意：——我很抱歉。如果……，我就来参加你的生日聚会了。——不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设， if后面省了过去完成时，补充完整应该是 if I had not been out on business，故主句中应该用

should/would/could/might have done结构，故选B。

【点睛】

if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：

有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟

语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故C选项正确。

14．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求所有的学生在上课前，上交作业。分析句子可知，request 表示“要求”，that引导一个同位语从句，对“request”的内容解释说明，从句中应使用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用“（should）+动词原形”，且动词短语hand in和同位语从句的主语homework之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故选C项。

15．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查insist 用法。句意：我坚持说他应该把钱包还给那个女士，他坚持认为他没有偷。insist 后跟宾语从句分两种情况，一，表示坚持要去做某事(未做) insist+that从句(主语

+should+动词原形)should可省也可以不省,但要记住动词一定要用原形,这是一种虚拟语气。二，但如果表对已经发生过的事的一种看法,(注意;是对已经发生过的事)则使用正常时态。根据句意可知，故选B项。

16．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气中的时态。句意：——你介意我把窗户打开吗？——不介意。事实上，我正打算建议你这么做。第一空would you mind sb did 是英语的固定句型,if后的句子要用一般过去时，表示与将来情况相反；第二空suggest 作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形，should 可以省略。故选D。

【点睛】

后接虚拟语气的常见词

例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.

She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.

It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.

Their decision was that the school remain closed.

3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。

如第二空suggest 作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should + 动词原形，should 可以省略。故选D。

17．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：霍夫曼博士坚持认为减肥药是有害的，坚持要求不应该服用。insist表示坚持认为的时候后面接陈述语气，所以第一空根据insisted后面应用一般过去时，用were，而第二个空，意为坚持要求，应接虚拟语气，动词应用（should）+do，take和主语they为被动关系，故用not be taken，故选C。

18．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在那个小村庄里迷了路，否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜古迹。由语境及otherwise可知，逗号后的部分是一个含蓄条件句，由lost可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，故用would/could/should/might+have done结构。故选D。

19．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他的表情表明他接受了邀请，他建议应该充分做准备。suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面接陈述语句，根据句意可知，第一空的动作发生在suggested之前，表示“过去的过去”作，用过去完成时，故排除B、C项；suggest作“建议”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，主语full preparations与谓语动词make是被动关系，故用should be made，should省略。故选D。20．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉，但是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个项目。第一空是虚拟语气，表示对现在愿望相反的假设，应使用一般过去时，即would rather+ sb. +一般过去时，所以用seated；第二空是would rather do sth.，意为“宁愿做某事”，所以用discuss about。故选A 项。

21．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：——我多么希望我能飞到月球上！——真的吗？那太好了。wish后面的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气，wish用的是一般现在时，表示与现在事实相反的假设，所以用一般过去时态。故选D项。

22．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离，避免任何可能的感染风险。recommend表示建议，后面的主语从句中的谓语动词，要用should加动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气。故选A。

23．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：如果发生这样的灾难，损失是无法计算的。分析句意可知，这是与将来相反的假设。Should such a disaster occur这句就是说＂如果发生这样的灾难＂，这是表示与将来相反的假设，其原来形式就是：If such a disaster were to/ should occur，省去if后，构成倒装就是should such a disaster occur。故A选项正确。24．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意：被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。第一空主语为people，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用原形desire；第二空desire(要求)后接

that 从句时，其谓语通常用“(should)＋动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式，should可以省略，且team与send构成被动关系，故第二空应填be sent。故选C。

25．D

解析：D

【解析】

考查suggest的用法。句意：他建议她待在家里，这表明他很热心。句中suggestion表示“建议”，后面是that的同位语从句，解释说明suggestion的内容，要用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形；suggest在此句的意思是“表明，暗示”，后面的名词性从句不用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词suggested用一般过去时态，故宾语从句也用过去时态，由此可知答案为D。

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If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) If the weather had been more favorable ,the crops would be growing still better. 状语从句 1. 方式状语as if(as though) 如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might,could)+动词原形"。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 2.目的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might,can/could)+动词原形"。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. 3. 连词引导的条件状语从句: in case , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。 4. 连词引导的步状语从句: lest ,for fear that等 We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us. 二.虚拟语气用于宾语从句注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right.

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