《心理咨询的理论与实践》试题样卷

《心理咨询的理论与实践》试题样卷
《心理咨询的理论与实践》试题样卷

《心理咨询的理论与实践》试题一(4号宋体,加黑)

一、单选题(小4号宋体,加黑)

1、关于心理咨询与心理治疗,下列说法错误的一项是()。(小4号宋体)

(A)心理治疗是心理治疗师对求助者的心理与行为问题进行矫治的过程。

(B)心理咨询是心理咨询师协助求助者解决各类心理问题的过程。

(C)心理咨询建立在咨询师与求助者良好关系的基础上。

(D)在心理治疗的过程中,心理治疗师不需与求助者建立良好关系。

2、以下问题中,不适宜通过心理咨询的方式解决的是()。

(A)适应不良 (B)学习困难

(C)情绪不稳定 (D)出现幻觉

3、心理咨询的过程是()。

(A)谈话 (B)发泄 (C)助人 (D)观察

4、亚洲心理治疗界杰出人物有是()。

(A)孙中山 (B)华生 (C)森田正马 D、池田大作

5、自我防御机制是()。

(A)是由于个体把焦虑当成一种危险或不愉快的信号而产生的

(B)源于自我承受本我的欲望压力和现实要求的双重压力

(C)是为了调整自我欲望与现实之间的矛盾

(D)是为了抵御来自他人的负性评价所采取的应对方式

6、心理咨询对于资料综合评估的主要内容不包括是()。

(A)将主诉、临床资料、心理测评结果进行分析比较

(B)将主因、诱因与临床症状的因果关系进行解释

(C)按现行的症状诊断标准,进行鉴别诊断

(D)确定其在症状分类中的位置

7、心理咨询的“真诚”原则要求咨询师做到是()。

(A)适度自我表露 (B)实话实说

(C)越真诚越好 (D)自我发泄

8、咨询师对来访者的“尊重”要求做到

(A)对来访者予以全面接纳 (B)对所有来访者一视同仁

(C)绝对不说让来访者难堪的话 (D)充分保护来访者隐私

9、依据心理学的理论观点或咨询师的个人经验,从一个全新的角度对来访者的某个问题作出有说服力的剖析的技术叫是()。

(A)释义 (B)解释 (C)揭穿 (D)同感

10、系统脱敏疗法的理论基础是是()。

(A)人本主义 (B)人性主义

(C)精神分析主义 (D)行为主义

二、多选题

1、心理咨询须遵守的原则是是()。

(A)来访者自愿的原则 (B)基本免费的原则

(C)价值中立的原则 (D)信息保密的原则

2、在遵守心理咨询信息保密的原则时,可以例外的情况有是()。

(A)咨询师发现来访者在撒谎 (B)来访者很可能自杀

(C)来访者很可能危害他人生命 (D)来访者有数个性伴

3、精神分析心理学中的心理防御机制有是()。

(A)不言语 (B)反向模式 (C)升华 (D)幽默

4、心理诊断的方法包括是()。

(A)访谈法 (B)史料分析法 (C)测验与实验法 (D)产品分析法

5、心理卫生包括的含义有()。

(A)心理卫生学 (B)心理卫生工作

(C)心理健康状态 (D)躯体疾病的治疗

6、获取与分析资料期间,应避免的是是()。

(A)尽量满足求助者迫切要求诊治的需要

(B)向求助者传递未确定的诊断结果

(C)最后诊断可以适当予以暗示透露

(D)必要时临时实施没有明确诊断情况下的矫治手段

7、心理咨询中,尊重意味着是()。

(A)接纳求助者的优点、长处,排斥其消极、有缺陷的方面

(B)求助者所说、所做的一切都是对的,咨询员不能有不同的意见

(C)咨询员与求助者虽然知识与经验不同,但双方人格是平等的

(D)即使求助者的某些言行有些失礼,咨询员也应始终以礼相待

8、下列关于团体咨询的说法正确的有是()。

(A)团体咨询效果比个别咨询效果好

(B)团体咨询适合所有的人

(C)团体咨询有助于培养个体与他人相处及合作的能力,特别适合于人际关系适应不良的人

(D)团体咨询的规模因参加者的问题性质不同而不等

9、关于认知心理学观点与行为主义心理学观点的差别,下列说法中正确的是()。

(A)认知心理学认为刺激进入大脑以后的内部加工过程是重要的

(B) 行为主义心理学认为内部加工过程是不可探索的黑箱

(C)行为主义心理学认为信息加工过程需要关注

(D)认知心理学认为应该探索内部加工过程

10、下列说法中属于咨询师需要遵循的心身一体的观点的是()。

(A)心理和生理是相互作用 (B)心理和生理互为因果

(C)求助者常有心理问题躯体化倾向(D)生理欠佳体验为心理不适

三、简答题

1、什么是满罐疗法?满罐疗法适合于解决哪些心理问题?

2、心理防御机制有哪些?

3、森田疗法的特点和基本原则是什么?

4、人本主义心理治疗的实质是什么?

5、简述RET的理论框架和基本内容。

6、现实疗法中治疗者的功能有哪些?

四、案例分析

案例1:一般资料:男性,25岁,在读研究生。

主诉:控制不住想不必要的事情,伴有失眠,三月余。

求助者自述:大学时曾经结识一位女友,本来计划毕业后结婚,但是,对方父母反对,要求自己必须考上研究生,因此才没有领结婚证。考上研究生以后,学习比较紧张,而且分居两地,结婚的事再次耽搁。导师有一位非常漂亮的女儿和自己同一年级,虽然不同专业,彼此经常见面,而且她也表达出喜欢自己。导师经常请自己来家吃饭,并多次暗示自己将来可以留校工作。自己也比较喜欢导师女儿,故意隐瞒了自己有女友的事实。但是,因为自己有女友,又不敢和导师的女儿约会。每次去导师家都很紧张,局促,特别是在导师的女儿面前。三个月前女友再次提出春节结婚,可是导师的女儿也明确表示爱自己。自己想向女友坦白,又觉得很内疚。想向导师的女儿坦白,又害怕失去导师的照顾和他女儿的喜爱。最近三个多月,开始心神不宁,失眠,脑海里经常想一些不必要的事情,比如,总是想一年为何有四季?先有鸡还是先有蛋?越想控制,越控制不住,为此占用很多时间。交女友的事情好像也顾不着想了,一想就烦,一烦脑海里就冒出那些不必要的事情。虽然能够坚持到实验室学习,但效率很低,经常会发呆,想那些不必要的事情,一控制就会出现心慌,出汗,心情烦躁不安。近来开始觉得这样活着很累,又不敢和别人讲,怕别人笑话自己,可是自己越来越觉得是不是要疯了,担心自己会得精神病,因此来寻求帮助,希望心理咨询师能够告诉自己到底怎么了?该怎么办?

单选:1.求助者的自知力程度属于( )。

(A)自知力完全存在 (B)自知力部分存在

(C)几乎没有自知力 (D)该资料难以判断

单选:2.求助者的心理状态主要属于( )。

(A)焦虑状态 (B)抑郁状态

(C)强迫状态 (D)恐惧状态

单选:3.求助者的生理症状不包括( )。

(A)失眠 (B)厌食

(C)心慌 (D)出汗

单选:4.求助者的感知症状包括( )。

(A)强迫性思维 (B)强制性思维

(C)思维被控制 (D)思维被洞悉

多选:5.求助者的求助动机不包括( )。

(A)请心理咨询师替他选择女友 (B)请心理咨询师能给予他指导 (C)请心理咨询师帮助判断病情 (D)请心理咨询师协助自己成长单选:6.求助者心理问题最可能属于( )。

(A)神经症 (B)神经症性心理问题

(C)严重心理问题 (D)一般心理问题

单选:7.求助者心理问题的主要原因是( )。

(A)女友压力 (B)心理压力

(C)导师压力 (D)社会压力

单选:8.针对求助者心理问题,心理咨询师应该( )。

(A)帮助求助者选择哪个女友 (B)帮助求助者如何应对导师

(C)帮助求助者分析解决冲突 (D)帮助求助者彻底改邪归正

多选:9.对于求助者的交友行为,心理咨询师应该( )。

(A)仍然完整接纳求助者 (B)严厉批评他这种行为

(C)帮助消除他的内疚感 (D)严密地保护他的隐私

单选:10.求助者的心理健康水平属于( )。

(A)心理正常 (B)心理不正常

(C)心理健康 (D)心理不健康

多选:11.求助者心理问题的特点是( )。

(A)有思维内容障碍 (B)一定有人格障碍

(C)病程相对比较长 (D)社会功能损害重

多选:12.为了帮助求助者,心理咨询师有必要了解( )。

(A)求助者的成长经历 (B)求助者所持道德观

(C)他和女友的性经历 (D)他的家庭成员关系

单选:13.和求助者制定咨询目标时,心理咨询师应该( )。

(A)满足他所有要求 (B)消除他所有焦虑

(C)帮助他接纳自我 (D)指导他批判自我

多选:14.从求助者自述中应该关注的积极方面是( )。

(A)替他人着想 (B)仍坚持学习

(C)有自我觉察 (D)道德感很强

多选:15.针对求助者失眠问题,心理咨询师应该( )。

(A)评估严重程度 (B)指导放松练习

(C)给他进行催眠 (D)给予药物治疗

案例2:某女,35岁,人专文化,汉族,某中学教师,已婚,经济状况良好。

求助者自述:近3个月来—直处于情绪低蓝犹态,经常感到委屈,有时独自落泪,认为现实是冷酷无情的,觉得对许多事情都提不起精神来,生活没有意思,对未来的婚姻生活悲观失望,认为夫妻感情已经走到了尽头,终日生活在悔恨和痛苦之中。吃不下饭,睡眠也很差、入睡困难,经常做恶梦,白天注意力不集中,记忆力下降。容易急躁,遇到一点小事就爱对家人发脾气,虽然还能继续教学工作,在学生和同事面前还装作若无其事,但是,工作效率低,备课时经常出现小差错。不想与入多交往,经常找理由不参加同学聚会.多次想来咨询但又担心解决不了问题,在朋友的再三鼓励下,前来就诊。

心理咨询师了解的情况;自幼身体健康,未患过严重疾病.从小性格较内向,听话,在大人眼中是个乖孩子,没有什么过错让父母担心。但父母要求较严格,从小到大学习和生活一帆风顺。24岁时与现在的丈夫自由恋爱结婚,婚后夫妻感情一直很融洽,自己感觉很幸福。3个月前她突然发现丈夫与一年轻女子有不正当关系,就感觉天要塌下来,非常气愤,悔恨交加,与丈夫人吵了一场,吵闹中把电视机都给砸了。虽然丈夫一直表示悔改,但自己就是不能原谅他。曾想到离婚,但顾虑重重,离婚吧,自己今后的日子怎么过,别人会怎么看自己;不离吧,自己又不愿再这样生活下去,在这种矛盾冲突下,日渐憔悴,情绪低落,脾气变得暴躁。遇到别人谈论婚姻问题时,就特别敏感、脆弱,后来甚至看到年轻人谈恋爱都感到爱不了。虽然还能坚持工作,但积极主动性较前降低,生活的兴趣也大不如此前了。自己也想通过一些途经改变现状,如向朋友倾诉,寻求帮助,却难以解脱,故前来进行心理咨询。

根据以上案例,回答以下问题:

1、对该案例的初步印象是什么?请说明理由。

2、请对本案例进行病因分析。

3、请对求助者目前身心和社会功能状态进行整理。

4、该求助者的主要症状是什么?

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