高考英语作文写作指导—记叙文

写作指导——如何写好记叙文

记叙文是以写人叙事为主要内容的一种文体,它是叙述人的经历或事物发展变化过程的一种表达方式。记叙文是写作训练中最普遍、最基本的一种文体,它的基本特点就是陈述过程。

【例题展示】

假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华,利用上周末的时间帮助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅行。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,叙述你从准备到送行的全过程。注意:1.周记的开头已为你写好。

2.词数不少于60。

Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. __________________ __________________________________________________.

【写作要求】

该试题要求考生写一篇英文周记,其实也是写一篇记叙文,叙述祖父母去北戴河旅行的准备过程。题目的呈现方式为四幅图片。第一幅图是事前准备,三个问号涉及要写出的三个方面,这属于题目的踩分点,千万不能遗漏。第二幅图和第三幅图也都是准备的过程,图画信息没有一般看图作文中逐渐出现高潮图点,前三幅图的图画内容没有所谓的轻重之分,因此在写作的时候,要注意三幅图的比重要基本一致,不要出现一个图一句话带过,而其它图画重点描写的情况。最后一幅图,是故事的结尾。

【思路点拨】

(1)记叙文的类型。记叙文一般分为三类:以人物为主的记叙文、以事件为主的记叙文、以写景状物为主的记叙文。在一篇记叙文中,写人、写景、写事往往是交织在一起的,但各有侧重。该试题是以事件为主的记叙文,注意要以事件为中心组织材料。

(2)记叙文的时态与人称。记叙文所记叙的一般是过去发生的事,原则上用一般过去时,该试题应该用一般现在时;记叙文一般采用第一人称(First—person narrator)和第三人称(Third—person narrator)。第一人称是从“参与者”的角度进行记叙,第三人称是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述。短文的开头(Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to

Beidaihe) 以及试题要求表明这篇文章的人称是第一人称,而且要注意是“我”,而不是“我们”。

(3)记叙文叙述的线索。记叙文叙述可以时间、地点、事件发展的过程、人物的思想行为及认知的过程等为线索或以人物出现的先后次序来展开。该试题应该采用时间为线索(last weekend→on Saturday morning→in the afternoon→after dinner→the next morning ),按时间的顺序来展开;同时注意图示中所表达的地点(home→ the train station→ home→station→Beidaihe),并以地点的转移为顺序来展开。

(4)记叙文的要素。写好记叙文,要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,明确文章要求写什么。记叙文的要素一般包括When(时间),Where(地点),Who(人物),What(事情),Why(原因),How (怎样)。尽管不是每篇英语记叙文都一定要将这些要素包括进去,但是确定写作内容、收集写作素材必定要围绕这五个W和一个H进行。

(5)记叙文的语言。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。记叙文应以记叙为主,可适当发表见解、议论和抒情,但不可过多。该试题最后的一幅图中虽然只画出了“我”送爷爷奶奶上火车,但是在写作的时候,不要平铺直叙,然后直接收尾,可以在文章的末尾加入自己的心情,并表达对爷爷奶奶的祝福。

【范文展示】

Last weekend, I helped my grandparents their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, an umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey.

【习作点评】

短文句式富于变化,语言灵活使用,故事情节完整,结构层次清晰。同时文章立意好,积极引导高中学生要培养独立性,增加实践能力,照顾体谅长辈。文章末尾句是画龙点睛之笔,既讲述送别感受,也表达了对爷爷奶奶的祝福。

【佳句背诵】

1. In order to arrange a practical plan, I surfed the Internet in search of some information on the accommodation, the ticket and the weather forecast.

2. I searched the Internet for the train schedule and tried to get more information about the weather as well as the hotel in Beidaihe.

3. There were a good many people in a long queue, but I managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents.

4. I helped my grandparents pack the luggage including maps, clothes, shoes and an umbrella in case of rain.

5. When I waved goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy and wished them a pleasant journey.

【写作练习】

2011年3月11日14时46分在日本教英语的美籍教师Buell乘坐火车去东京某学校,途中经历大地震。假如你Buell,请按下列要点用英语写一则的短文,介绍你的地震经历。

1.乘坐火车去东京上课;

2.车内外的场景;

3.简短评论(最强地震,引发海啸等)。

注意:

1.词数120左右。

2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。

【参考范文】

On March 11, 2011, I experienced the lar gest earthquake in Japan’s recorded history. It was fourteen minutes to three. I was on a Tokyo-bound train heading to my weekend English teaching job when my train suddenly stopped and began shaking violently. First, I heard a noise, but I don’t know what was happening. And then I watched all the glasses and bottles on the table fall off onto the floor. The earth shook for a while and some luggage fell off the shelf. I got up from my bed and moved to a window, only to find buildings along the railway swaying and some electricity lines toppling down to the ground. It was a huge earthquake. The quake resulted in a tsunami that ravaged Japan’s east coast with a 23-foot wave, leaving hundreds dead or missing.

相关文档
最新文档