山东科技大学英语综合考研真题
第一部分：英语语言学知识（共100分）
一．Define the following terms, using examples where necessary.(每题2分，共20分)
1.arbitrariness
2.morphophonemics
3.assimilation
4.root
5.converse antonymy
6.paradigmatic relation
7.interlanguage
8.deep structure
9.suprasegmental features
10.concordance
二．Multiple choice. (每题1分，共20分)
1．Phatic is one of the language ______________.
A. forms
B. structures
C. patterns
D. functions
2. Diachronic linguistics is a study of language____________.
A. in ancient times
B. in modern times
C. at different places
D. over a certain period of time
3. __________is one of the suprasegmental features.
A. Stop
B. V oicing
C. Deletion
D. Tone
4. Narrow transcription is the phonetic transcription with__________.
A. diacritics
B. distinctive features
C. voicing
D. articulation
5. Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies_______, and of the rules by which words are formed.
A. the external structure of words
B. the internal structure of words
C. the surface structure of words
D. the deep structure of words
6. _______ refers to a type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a longer form already in the language.
A. Borrowing
B. Back-formation
C. Acronym
D. Analogical creation
7. According to construction types, prepositional phrases such as “in the classroom” is regarded as a(n)____________construction.
A. exocentric
B. endocentric
C. subordinate
D. coordinate
8. Semantics is ___________________.
A. element of meaning which combine in different ways to make up the denotation of
different lexical items.
B. a general variable of universal grammar
C. the study of meaning as encoded in language.
D. the study of what people mean by language when they use it in the normal context of social
life.
9. If the study of meaning is conducted in the context of language use, a branch of linguistic study called ________comes into being.
A. syntax
B. semantics
C. pragmatics
D. morphology
10. Which of the following is not the concern of psycholinguistics?
A. It aims to answer such questions as how the human mind works when we use language.
B. It focuses on the way of processing the information we receive in the course of
communication.
C. It pays more attention to the study of language acquisition in children.
D. It relates the social norms that determine the type of language to be used in a certain
occasion.
11. Error analysis is____________________.
A. the analysis and diagnosis of errors of teaching methods
B. the analysis and diagnosis of errors of language learners
C. the analysis and diagnosis of errors of language acquisition
D. the analysis and diagnosis of errors of learning style preferences
12. Every speaker has his own pet words and expressions and special way of expressing his ideas in language. This variety of individual users is called “___________”.
A. social dialect
B. regional dialect
C. temporal dialect
D. idiolect
13. Dialectology is________________.
A. the search for spatially determined differences in various aspects of language
B. the search for geographically determined differences in various aspects of language
C. the search for spatially and geographically determined differences in various aspects of
language
D. the search for geographically determined differences in an aspect of language
14. A speaker may change from one dialect to another according to his subject matter, the required formality and other factors in the course of communication. This linguistic behaviour is
referred to as __________________.
A. bilingualism
B. code-switching
C. dialect
D. register
15. _____________may be said to be equivalent to speaker’s meaning, contextual meaning, or extra meaning.
A. Locutionary act
B. Perlocutionary act
C. Illocutionary force
D. Performatives
16. The Indirect Speech Act was developed by ____________.
A. John Austin
B. Levinson
C. John Lyons
D. John Searle
17. Stylistics is _______________.
A. varieties of language used by an individual appropriate to a level of formality
B. the study of how literary effects can be related to linguistics feature
C. unit of sound consisting of a vowel (with or without consonants)
D. fixed and prejudicial patterns of thought about kinds of people that are often mistaken
18. The theoretical linguistic background of the audiolingual method is _____________.
A. Latin grammar
B. audiolingualism
C. structuralism
D. generative-transformational grammar
19. Who first used the term “communicative competence” in deliberate contrast to Chomsky’s “linguistic competence”?
A. Stern
B. Asher
C. Krashen
D. Hymes
20. Functional linguistic is _____________________.
A. the study of the forms of language in reference to their social function in communication
B. the study of language abstract forms of language and their internal relation
C. the study of language use in its social context
D. the study of what people mean by language when they use it in the normal context of social
life
三. True or false questions. (每题1分，共15分)
1．The traffic light system does not possess duality because there is only simple one to one relationship between signs and meaning.
2. Phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics are branches of linguistics.
3. The sound [p] in the word “expensive ” is pronounced as a voiceless consonant.
4. Allophones are described in phonetic terms.
5. An idiom consists of at least two words. Each has a single meaning and often functions as one
word. This is called structural stability.
6. Partial conversion and full conversion are concerned with verbs when converted to nouns.
7. Government is a type of control in which a word of a certain class determines the form of
others in terms of certain category.
8. An important difference between presupposition and entailment is that presupposition, unlike
entailment, is not vulnerable to negation. That is to say, if a sentence is negated, the original presupposition is still true.
9. Pairs of words like good/bad, long/short, big/small are examples of converse antonyms.
10. The term “accent” refers to differences between languages which are different in vocabulary,
grammar and pronunciation.
11. At the age of two, children can master the essentials of their mother tongue.
12. Austin claims that there are two types of sentences: performatives and constatives.
13. Text is a prosodic unit.
14. Classified by different aims, there are four major types of test: aptitude test, attitude test,
proficiency test and achievement test.
15. An important contribution of the Prague School to linguistics is that it sees language in
terms of function.
四．Give the description of the following sounds. (每题1分，共5分)
1．[ s ]
2. [g ]
3. [ j ]
4. [ p ]
5. [ ]
五．Work out the tree diagrams of the following ambiguities through IC analysis.(第1题3分，第2题2分，共5分)
1. my small child’s cot
2. Leave the book on the shelf.
六．Answer the following questions briefly. (每题3分，共15分)
1. What functions include in Halliday’s theory of metafunctions of language?
2. What are endocentric construction and exocentric construction? Exemplify the two notions.
3. What is Pro-form? Explain with examples.
七．Discussions. (每题10分，共20分)
1. Comment on how and why the following exchange of conversation violates the cooperative principle.
A. Isn’t her new dress beautiful?
B. The color is nice.
2. Why can’t we have the English consonant clusters such as *hepl, *lupm, *rpay, *lkaps, or *wqick etc. in onset and coda positions? Explain with examples.
第二部分 英美文学知识（共50分）
一. “Crossing the Bar” is a poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson. It is thought that Tennyson wrote it as his own elegy, as the poem has a tone of finality about it. Read the last stanza of the poem and answer the two questions.
For though from out our bourn of Time and Place
The flood may bear me far,
I hope to see my Pilot face to face
When I have crost the bar.
1. What does “crossing the Bar” mean? (5 points)
2. Explain the implied meaning of “I hope to see my Pilot face to face” (5 points)
二. The following is from Song of Myself, an American epic loosely following a quest pattern.
I CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.
I loafe and invite my soul,
I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.
3. Please comment on its style and ideas. (10 points)
三. Read the following excerpt from Chapter XXIII, Jane Eyre and answer the questions that follow.
“I grieve to leave Thornfield: I love Thornfield: - I love it, because I have lived in it a full and delightful life, - momentarily at least. I have not been trampled on. I have not been petrified. I have not been buried with inferior minds, and excluded from every glimpse of communion with what is bright and energetic and high. I have talked, face to face, with what I reverence, with what I delight in, - with an original, a vigorous, an expanded mind. I have known you, Mr. Rochester; and it strikes me with terror and anguish to feel I absolutely must be torn from you forever. I see the necessity of departure; and it is like looking on the necessity of death.”
… …
“I tell you I must go!” I retorted, roused to something like passion. “Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton? - a machine without feelings? and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong! - I have as much soul as you, - and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh; - it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God's feet, equal, - as we are!”
4. What are Jane’s chief concerns over her love of Rochester? (15 points)
5. What feelings does she have for Rochester and why? (15 points)
10月全国综合英语一自考试题及答案解析
精品自学考试资料推荐 全国 2019年 10月高等教育自学考试 综合英语（一）试题 课程代码： 00794 I .用适当语法形式或词汇填空。从 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四个选项中选岀一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上 本大题共 30 小题，每小题 1 分，共 30 分） 1.This dress cost me （ ） the one I am wearing.A. twice as much as B. as twice much as C. as much twice as D. much as twice as 2.John suggested that we （ ） have the evening party this Sunday. A. didn't 4.John's never been to London. （ ） . 6.My sister has always regretted （ ） the opportunity to go to college. 7.I （ ）to attend a social gathering, but something came up. C. want D. have been wanting 8. Cynthia said that she was not feeling well, （ ） A. didn't she B. did she 9. （ ） is reported in today's newspaper, a medical team will be sent to the western area of the country. A. It B. Which C. That D. As 10. （ ）cold and windy, most children in the community stayed indoors. A. Being B. It being C. It was D. To be 11. Looking out of the window, （ ） outside. A. it was a young man B. there was a young man C. a young man was D. I saw a young man 将所选答案的字母涂黑。 C. wouldn't D. not to 3.Our team ） three matches so far this year, and we still have some more games to play. A. was winning B. has won C. wins D. had won B. not A. And hasn't Tom B. Nor Tom hasn't C. Neither has Tom D. Tom hasn't neither 5.I'm interested in （ ） you told me that day. A. all that B. which C. all what D. that A. not to take B. not take C. having not taken D. not having taken A. have wanted B. had wanted C. wasn't she D. was she
历年全国自考综合英语(一)真题
Ⅰ.语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. He was educated at the local grammar school, after ______ he went on to Cambridge. A. when B. what C. which D. where 2. There’s no ______ to make an appointment. Just come to my office anytime after 10 in the morning. A. time B. need C. good D. chance 3. —Could I have a look at your essay to get a few ideas? —______ A. Sure. Why not? B. Yes, that’s right. C. Don’t mention it. D. That sounds great. 4. Even if you fail the first time, you should ______ trying. A. hold on B. go on C. work out D. carry out 5. A tall man walked into the bar in a woollen sweater, a jacket ____ at his waist. A. to tie B. tie C. ties D. tied 6. My father is a businessman and is often away from home. Sometimes I wish that he ______ making less money. A. will be B. has been C. were D. is 7. Technology has indeed had a direct ______ on our life today. A. change B. effort C. effect D. role 8. ______ you stop working for a while, you will be tired out. A. As B. Unless C. If D. When 9. Biological science should be developed to do good ______ harm to people. A. other than B. less than C. better than D. rather than 10.______ it was getting dark, we decided to stop at a hotel for the night. A. Since B. If C. Though D. That 11. The two boys look very much alike, but Robert is ______ one. A. the tallest B. the taller C. tall D. taller 12. The teacher, as well as three of his students, ______ taken an interest in traditional Chinese painting. A. is B. are C.has D. have 13. If I ______ harder at mathematics in school, I would have a much better chance of getting a good job. A. worked B. had worked C. were to work D. were working 14. Gone are the days ______ I was young and as strong as a horse.
全国自考综合英语一试题及答案解析.doc
??????????????????????精品自学考试资料推荐?????????????????? 全国 2018 年 7 月自学考试综合英语（一）试题 课程代码： 00794 Ⅰ、词法和词汇。从 A 、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将所选答案的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。（本大题共20 小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分） 1 .Tom has three _____. A. brothers-in-law B. brother-in-laws C. brother-in-law D. brothers in law 2. Measles (麻疹 ) _____ a long time to get over. A. take B. takes C. spend D. spends 3. I caught the last bus from town; but Tom came home __ than I. A. more late B. more later C. even later D. the later 4. It _____ that the young Marine was not the old man ’ s son. A. turned out B. came to C. happened to D. looked out 5. The wind died ____ and it began to rain. A. off B. out C. up D. away 6. You shouldn ’ t take _____ of that child who knows nothing about it. A. chance B. advantage C. away D. benefit 7. In America, many white people are _____ the black people. A. prejudiced to B. prejudicing against C. prejudiced against D. prejudiced at 8. The soldier reported what he had seen to the general _____. A. an time B. upon time 1
全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解
全国自考英语《综合英语一》历年真题详解 2015年全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解 课程代码：00794 选择题部分 I. 语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20） 1. Down about two hundred yards _____ three logs right across the stream. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】B查看答案 【解析】句意：沿着溪流对面向下二百码的地方，有三根木头。方位副词down 位于句首，句子全部倒装，谓语动词与主语three logs保持一致，用复数形式。B项符合题意，故选B项。 2. She has always enjoyed reading newspapers, magazines and books, all of _____ have been of great help to her in television reporting. A. that B. them
D. which 【答案】D查看答案 【解析】句意：她一直都很喜欢阅读报纸、杂志和书籍，这些对她在电视上的报道有很大的帮助。两个句子都有谓语动词，且用逗号隔开，故为非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。D项符合题意，故选D项。 3. The reason _____ his being late was that the flight he took had been delayed. A. of B. in C. for D. with 【答案】C查看答案 【解析】句意：他迟到的原因是航班延误了。the reason for 为固定搭配，表示“……的原因”。C项符合题意，故选C项。 4. Keep trying, and you’ll figure it out. You know _____ they say: if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again. A. why B. what C. how
2020年7月全国自考综合英语(一)试题及答案解析
全国2018年7月自考综合英语(一)试题 课程代码：00794 I. 用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其代码填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. I planned（）the task before last Sunday, but failed because of a bad cold. A. to finish B. to have finished C. finishing D. having finished 2. Tom has been writing letters all morning, but he should finish them by now,（）? A. has he B. hasn’t he C. should he D. shouldn’t he 3. We can make some changes in the plan（）you find anything improper. A. in case B. unless C. so that D. even though 4. The manner in which he talked reminded me（）his grandfather. A. in B. by C. of D. towards 5. He has made another wonderful discovery,（）of great importance to science. A. I think which it B. which I think is C. that I think is D. which I think it is 6. It’s 10∶00 a.m. Mr. Johnson（）home now, for he told me that he would meet me in his office at this time. A. must be B. mustn’t be C. can be D. can’t be 1
2017年山东科技大学研究生入学考试211翻译硕士英语考研真题
Part I Reading Comprehension(2*2.5=50 points) Derections: There are five passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statemens. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Decide on the best choice. Passage 1 What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose land system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity. Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would presumably be well respected, because all trespassers could be swiftly identified by authorities.) Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would
10月全国综合英语(一)自考试题及答案解析
全国2019年10月高等教育自学考试 综合英语（一）试题 课程代码：00794 Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将所选答案的字母涂黑。（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分） 1.This dress cost me（）the one I am wearing. A. twice as much as B. as twice much as C. as much twice as D. much as twice as 2.John suggested that we（）have the evening party this Sunday. A. didn’t B. not C. wouldn’t D. not to 3.Our team（）three matches so far this year, and we still have some more games to play. A. was winning B. has won C. wins D. had won 4.John’s never been to London.（）. A. And hasn’t Tom B. Nor Tom hasn’t C. Neither has Tom D. Tom hasn’t neither 5.I’m interested in（）you told me that day. A. all that B. which C. all what D. that 6.My sister has always regretted（）the opportunity to go to college. A. not to take B. not take C. having not taken D. not having taken 7.I（）to attend a social gathering, but something came up. A. have wanted B. had wanted C. want D. have been wanting 8.Cynthia said that she was not feeling well,（） A. didn’t she B. did she C. wasn’t she D. was she 9.（）is reported in today’s newspaper, a medical team will be sent to the western area of the country. A. It B. Which C. That D. As 10.（）cold and windy, most children in the community stayed indoors. A. Being B. It being C. It was D. To be 11.Looking out of the window, （）outside. A. it was a young man B. there was a young man C. a young man was D. I saw a young man 1
2020年4月全国自考试题及答案解析综合英语(一)试卷及答案解析
全国2018年4月历年自考试题综合英语（一）试卷 课程代码：00794 请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上 I．用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1. It is said that the newly-built gymnasium is three miles _______ from here. A. away far B. far away C. far D. away 2. I _______ my talk with Tony. Let’s go out for a walk. A. have finished B. had finished C. finish D. finished 3. I am for your proposal that the discussion about future plans _______. A. to be put off B. be put off C. should put off D. was put off 4. You will see this product _______ wherever you go in this city. A. advertise B. to be advertised C. advertised D. advertising 5. Jack often complains _______ able to communicate with his parents. A. of being not B. of not being C. being not D. not being 6. We expected many club members would come to the tea party, _______ turned up. A. only a few B. very few C. but a few D. but few 7. The reason _______ the little boy died was lack of medical care. A. why B. because C. for D. as 8. _______ the drill is, it is very useful in improving your oral English. A. Simple you consider B. You consider simple C. Simple as you consider D. As simple you consider 1
自考英语学习资料：综合英语(一) 动词句型
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 V erb Pattern 1 主语+系动词+表语(代词/名词/名词短语) Time is money. The dictionary is mine. Wasting time is a bad habit. You must become the master of time not its servant. Sunday seems to be the best study day for many students. 注意： 用于这一句型的系动词主要有appear, be , become ,feel, look, prove , remain, seem 和sound 等。系动词appear ,seem 和prove 后面可加to be. V erb Pattern 2 主语+系动词+表语(形容词/形容词短语) Time is dangerous. One thing is certain. A good plan must be a little flexible. Andersen remained single all his life. The plays and poetry that Andersen wrote were not very good. 注意： 用于这一句型的系动词主要有appear, be , become ,feel,get,go,grow,keep, look, prove , remain, seem,smell,sound,stay,taste 和turn等。系动词appear ,seem 和prove 后面可加to be. V erb Pattern 3 主语+系动词+表语(副词/介词短语)
2015年10月全国自考《综合英语(一)》真题及详解【圣才出品】
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C. those D. which 【答案】D 【解析】句意：她一直都很喜欢阅读报纸、杂志和书籍，这些对她在电视上的报道有很大的帮助。两个句子都有谓语动词，且用逗号隔开，故为非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。D项符合题意，故选D项。 3. The reason _____ his being late was that the flight he took had been delayed. A. of B. in C. for D. with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他迟到的原因是航班延误了。the reason for 为固定搭配，表示“……的原因”。C项符合题意，故选C项。 4. Keep trying, and you’ll figure it out. You know _____ they say: if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again. A. why B. what C. how D. that
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