英语专业八级历年英译汉汇总

英语专业八级历年英译汉汇总
英语专业八级历年英译汉汇总

【2002年8级测试英译汉】

The word “winner” and “loser” have many meanings1. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society2.

Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others3. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable4. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.

Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge5. They can separate facts from opinions and don’t pretend to have all the answers6. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them7.

Winners do not play“helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game8. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.

【概述】

这是一篇议论文,议题讨论人生的核心问题——成功与失败。虽然涉及的题目人人皆知,但对其真实内涵却仁者见仁,智者见智。该文语言精炼,讲究修辞,采用对比、排比等手法加强语气。翻译时应注意上下文的逻辑关系,注意修辞格的翻译技巧。

【翻译要点评析】

1. “winner”和“loser”这两个词是该文的关键词,一开头能否正确选择好词义将影响到整篇文章的翻译。一般情况下,译为“赢家”和“输家”,或“胜者”和“败者”。但本文第一句就说,这两个词have many meanings。这就意味着本文所讨论的winner并不是传统意义上的“赢家”或“胜者”,下文对winner的定义就说明了本文的winner与传统定义不同。鉴于此,我们可以将winner译为“成功者”或“智者”。

2. authentically: 自然地;没有假装地;由衷地。此句的关键是译好4个形容词,这是对成功者品质下的定义。credible: 有诚信的;trustworthy: 可依靠的;可信赖的;responsive: 反应敏捷的;敏感的;genuine: 诚实的;不虚伪的。此句可译为“成功者的一切反应均由衷而发,富有诚信,值得信赖,反应敏捷,从不虚伪”,句子读起来非常有节奏感。

3.they imagine 是插入成分。What they imagine they should be 直译过来就是“他们自己认为该成为的样子”,也可以说“他们的自我臆想”。rather: 相反。they are themselves: “他们保持其本色”,用中国的一句古语就是“我仍故我”。as such 的本意是“诸如此类的人或物”,此处可以顺接上句译成“正因如此”。putting on a performance: 做作;作秀;装腔作势。maintaining pretence: 自命不凡。manipulate 原意为“巧妙的操纵别人”,这里可译成“对别人指手画脚”。

4.此句中“being…“是“真的在做……”, “acting…”是“假装在做……”,这是译好句中三个排比句式的关键。being loving and acting loving可译为“真爱和装爱”;being stupid and acting stupid可译为“真傻和装傻”;being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable 可译为“博学和卖弄”。

5. “are not afraid to do…”: 无畏于……; 从不怯于……; “to do their own thinking”: 独立思考;用自己的知识独立判断;独当一面。

6. 此句中,facts与opinions两者是互为矛盾的,facts指“事实”,opinions不是传统意义上的“意见”或“观点”,而是“议论”或“传闻”,因此才有句子They can separate facts from opinions; “成功者能够区分事实与传闻“。

7. 此句中有4个排比式的过去分词,译起来比较困难,因为它们的词义差别很微妙。be defined by them原意是“由他人来界定,来规定”,此句则理解为“受制于他人”。be demolished by them 可译为“被他们所摧垮”。be bound by them b可译为“被他们所束缚”。be awed by them 可译为“被他们所吓倒”。

8. 此句中,不要将两个play 译成“玩”或“耍”。Play在这里是生动的比喻词。可译为:成功者不故意“示弱”,也从不怨天尤人”。

【参考译文】

“成功者”和“失败者”这两个词含义很多。当我们将某人称作成功者时,我们并非指他是一个让别人失败的人。对我们来说,成功者乃是这样一个人,无论作为一个个人抑或作为社会的一分子,他的一切反应均由衷而发,富有诚信,值得信赖,反应敏捷,从不虚伪。

成功者不会穷其毕生之精力,执着于自我之臆想。相反,他们会保持自己的本色。正因如此,他们不装腔作势,不自命不凡,不对别人指手画脚。他们知道,真爱不同于装爱,真傻有异于装傻、博学有别于卖弄。成功者无需面具来伪装。

成功者无畏于独立思考,无畏于独立判断、独当一面。他们能够在事实与传闻之间明辨是非,不会假称自己无所不晓。他们倾听别人意见,择善从之,最终得出自己的结论。成功者敬仰尊重别人,但他不会受制于人、不会被他们所摧垮、不被他们所束缚、不会被他们所吓倒。

成功者不故意“示弱”,也从不怨天尤人。他们会毅然肩负起人生的责任。

【2003年8级测试英译汉】

In his classic novel,“The Pioneers”, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building1. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis2. But his cousin looks around bewildered3. All she ses is a forest.“Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?”She asks4. He’s astonished she can’t see them..“Where! Why everywhere,”he replies5. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.

Cooper was illustrating6 a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness7; the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come8. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being. ”9

【概述】

这是一篇关于美国文学的评论性文章,短文评论美国著名作家詹姆斯·费尼莫·库珀(James Fenimore Cooper)的小说《拓荒者》(The Pioneer)。文中主人公是一位土地开发商,带着他的表妹游览一座待开发的城市。从而揭示了美国人特有的一种性格——前瞻意识。虽然语言的理解不算难,但涉及到美国人独特的处事视角,对于中国读者来说,接触较少,很难有作者那种深刻的体会。对于我们陌生的主题或文化视角,翻译时应注意尽量用“直译”,少些个人发挥,但其文章的风格,则要通过译文充分地展示出来,特别要注意描写人和物的形容词和副词的翻译。

【翻译要点评析】

1. 此句中有两个专有名词,涉及美国著名作家James Fenimore Cooper (詹姆斯·费尼莫·库珀)和他的小说The Pioneers (拓荒者)。库珀(1789—1851)是生活在美国西部大开发时代的一位作家。以描写西部边疆生活而闻名。hero 在小说中指“主人公”、“正面人物”,正式的用词是protagonist, 反面人物为enemy,正式用词是antagonist。land developer意为“土地开发商”,这种人在美国开发西部边疆时代十分时髦,他们极富挑战性和冒险性。

2. a teeming metropolis 中的teeming意为“挤满人”、“人声鼎沸”、“熙熙攘攘”、“生机盎然”。teem,动词,原意为“盛产”、“多产的”,如The Taihu Lake teems with fish and shrimps.(太湖盛产鱼虾。)在本句中,teeming metropolis是比喻,可译为“繁华的大都市”。

3. bewildered: 过去分词,原意为“使着慌”、“手足无措”,在句中作状语,表示方式,它跟在looks around 后边,可译作“深表困惑”,“满脸迷茫”,“茫然”等。

4. 此句中beauties and improvements是由抽象名词转化来的,可理解为“美景和改观”。有时也可理解为“上位词”,上文提到的streets, houses和metropolis就是beauties and improvements所对应的“下位词”。在具体的翻译过程中,如果发现上位词不好译,可转到与此对应的下位词试试看。比如,觉得beauties and improvements译成“美景和改观”不妥,可尝试译为它们在本文中所对应的下位词“宽广的大道”、“鳞次擳比的高楼”和“生机盎然的大都市”之类的字眼。

5. “Where! Why everwhere,”中的Why表达的是略带不耐烦与不快的惊讶。翻译时注意要把说话人的这种心态体现出来,有时标点符号就是一种很好表达语气的工具。译文中的标点符号完全可以和原文不同。这句话可译成“在哪儿?这不到处都是嘛?!”

6. 此句中concrete意为“具体的”,“实实在在的”。as if they were already constructed and finished是虚拟语气,可译成“如同造好竣工一样”。

7. illustrate: “展现”,“用实例说明”。trait: “特色”,“特性”,“特有的品质”。Future-mindedness: “面向未来的心态”,“以未来为参照点的思维方式”,可译为“前瞻意识”、“超前意识”、“未来观”等。

8. vantage: 优越,有利的地位;from the vantage point of the future: 站在未来的高度,从未来的高度看。unencumbered: 没有阻碍的;不受妨碍的。the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past可译为“摆脱过去束缚”,“自由地抛开历史羁绊”等。feel attached to : “喜欢;爱慕;依恋”,这里feel attached to things to come可译成“情系未来”,“放眼未来”。

9. Albert Einstein: 艾尔伯特?爱因斯坦,相对论的创立者,当代最为大的科学家,德国犹太人,二次大战中移居美国。此句中的难点是becoming 和being,前者指“未来”,后者指“现在”。句中is always becoming 意为“将来会变成什么”,never being 意为“而不是现在是什么”,整个句子可译成“美国人永远生活在将来而不是现在”,也可译成“对美国人来说,生活总是进取,而非守成”。

【参考译文】

詹姆斯?费尼莫?库珀在其名著《拓荒者》一书中写到主人公,一位土地开发商,带着表妹四处参观自己正在规划中的城镇,津津乐道地描述着宽广的大道,鳞次擳比的高楼和生机盎然的大都市。但表妹环顾四周而茫然。他看到的仅仅是一片树林:“你给我指的美景和大厦到底在哪儿呢?”开发商闻言大惊:“在哪儿?这不到处都是嘛?!”尽管大厦还未破土动工,但他们在开发商的脑海里早已成形,而且真切得如同造好竣工一样。

库珀在这里揭示了一种美国人特有的品性——前瞻意识:站在将来的高度看现在,自由地抛开历史羁绊而放眼将来。正如艾尔伯特?爱因斯坦所说:“美国人永远生活在将来而不是现在。”

【2004年8级测试英译汉】

For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding1. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages2, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness3.

I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up4. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out5.

Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and, perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person6.

It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains7, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconsciousness, bring back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood8.

【概述】

这是一篇关于个人生活的散文。作者为女作家梅?莎唐(May Sarton)(1912——1995)。本文选自散文The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life (《单独生活的回报》)的结尾部分,个别地方有删节。这篇文章在理解方面没有什么障碍,关键是表达时的文采和风格。翻译时应尽量把作者对孤独的感受用较好的文学语言表达出来。

【翻译要点评析】

1. 此句中,主语部分是the most interesting thing about a solitary life。Mine has been that 是难点,mine 指my life, “that” 指a solitary life。“is that…”引导一个表语从句。it 指的是

a solitary life。it becomes increasingly rewarding 可译为“单独生活的回报与日俱增”。

2. 此句中,在an entire day 后边有两个后置定语ahead和uninterrupted,还有一个in which 加三个动词不定式引导的定语。

3. be flooded with happiness是比喻,意为be filled with, be full of, “充满了幸福”。

4. 此句中三个when 引导的时间状语从句描述的是同一时刻同时存在的三种状况:“当我过度疲劳”、“长时间不间断工作”、“一时间感到空虚而需要充实自己时”。后一句的两个when描述的又是另一种情况,不要把每一个when引导的短句理解成一种独立状态,也就是说原文共描述了两种情况,而不是五种,表达时要把这两种情况区别开。needing filling up 可译为“需要充实自己”。

5. a lecture trip意为“外出讲演”或“巡回讲演”。full to brim是个短语,意为“漫边儿”、“满”,full to brim with experience意为“满脑子的体验”或“满脑子纷乱的头绪”, sort out 意为“拣出”、“梳理”、“整理”。

6. 此句中,It has to be recaptured意为“找回自我”。查阅原作,我们发现在it were a person 后删去了by feeding the two cats, by cooking a meal。如果按删除后的文章理解by looking again at each one as thyough it were a person, 可将each one视作“一棵一棵花草”, as thgough it were a person是虚拟语气。

7. 查阅原文,此句fountains后删除了at the end of the field (在田头,在田边)。fountains 可理解为“泉水”、“喷泉”,surf原意为“浪花”,此处可译为“向四处溅出的水花”或“水柱”。

8. 查阅原文,在slowly understood后删除了when I can converse again with my hidden

powers, and so grow, and so be renewed, till death do us part。此句中,deep unconsciousness 意为“潜意识”。to be explored and slowly understood可译为“细思深究”,或“让我探究,让我领悟”。

【参考译文】

过去二十年,我一直单独生活。对于我,最为有趣的是,单独生活的回报与日俱增。经常在醒来时能够亲眼看着太阳在海洋上升起,清楚地知道有一个完整的一天供我使用,没有任何间断。我可以写上几页东西,遛遛狗儿,读读书,听听音乐,我充满了幸福。

只有当我疲惫不堪,长时间不间断地工作,或者一时间感到空虚而需要充实自己的时候,我就感到孤独。当我刚从外地讲学回到家中,或者当我见过了很多人而且说了许多话,满脑子纷乱的思绪需要梳理时,这时我也会感到孤独。

一段时间内,我觉得屋子既空又大,也不知道“我自身”藏在了什么地方。只好通过浇浇花,也许再看看花草,把它们一棵一棵地当人一样地看看,来慢慢地找回自我。

这需要一段时间。当我看着喷泉激起的水花时,这个时刻便来到了:周围的世界慢慢地消失,自我再次从潜意识里涌出,带回到我刚才经历过的一切,让我探究、让我领悟。

【2005年8级测试英译汉】

It is simple enough to say that since books have classes —fiction, biography, poetry —we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us1.Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices2. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author: try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice3. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read4. But if you open your mind as widely as possible5, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this6, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.

【概述】

这是论述怎样读书的散文中的第一段话(全文见Unit 2的范例欣赏How Should One Read A Book?),作者是英国著名现代女作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫(1882——1941),她的主要作品有《达罗卫夫人》、《到灯塔去》、《海浪》等长篇小说,以描写意识流见长。该文开宗明义谈如何读书,实际上兼有文学评论的性质。全文用词朴素、行文流畅,而内涵丰富、意味深长。翻译时,需仔细品味原文的含义,明白无误地表达出作者的意思与风格。所采用的翻译方法有:省略法、词类转译法、分译法、增词法等。

【翻译要点评析】

1.It is simple enough to say……each should give us: 该句中It 是指代to say + that 所引导的宾语从句。可采用分译法翻译此句,先将宾语从句译成一个独立句,再将主句译成一个独立句:“这话说来很简单。”

2. Most commonly……our own prejudices: come to books 应理解为“着手阅读”或“捧起书本”。Blurred and divided minds 可译为“模糊而又杂乱的想法”。另外,在翻译asking for

后面所跟的从句时,可省略代词it。此句中it 后均用shall, 表示说话人的意图,意为“必须”。

3. Do not dictate……Be his fellow-worker and accomplice: 这两句的意思层层递进,如果合译成一句,效果更好。第二句中的两个名词转译成动词。而accomplice 本意指“同谋”或“帮凶”,具有贬义,这里应选择褒义词来表达其意,可译为“共同创作”。

4. from what you read: 该短句不必按字面意思翻译,可引申为“从书中”。

5. open your mind as widely as possible: 此处可在翻译时适当增词,用两个词组来表达其意:“敞开心扉,虚怀若谷”,这样后一个词更进一步说明“敞开心扉”后的境界。

6. Steep yourself in this……with this: 这是两个并列祈使句,表示一种条件。翻译时可采用合句法译为一个单句并省略掉第一部分的指示代词this, “钻进去熟悉它“。

【参考译文】

既然书有小说、传记、诗歌之分,我们就应把它们分类,从各类书中汲取其应该给予我们的营养。这话说来很简单。然而很少有人要求从书籍中得到它们所能提供的养分。我们总是三心二意地带着模糊的观念去看书,要求小说必须真实,要求诗歌必须虚构,要求传记阿谀逢迎,要求史书能加强自己的偏见。读书时如能抛开这些先入之见,便是极好的开端。不要对作者指手划脚,而要尽力与作者融为一体,共同构思,共同创作。如果你不参与,不投入,而且一开始就百般挑剔,那你就无缘从书中获得最大益处。你若敞开心扉,虚怀若谷,那么书中精细入微的寓意和暗示便会把你从开头那些山回水转般的句子中带出来,走到一个独特的人物面前。钻进去熟悉它,你很快就会发现,作者展示给你的或想要展示给你的是一些比原先要明确得多的东西。

【2006年8级测试英译汉】

I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. // You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. //War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. //You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival. // Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.

【参考译文】

我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验,将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。//若问我们的政策是什么?我的回答是:在陆上、海上、空中作战。尽我们的全力,尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战,对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。//若问我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答,那就是胜利。不惜一切代价,去夺取胜利——不惧一切恐怖,去夺取胜利——不论前路如何漫长、如何艰苦,去夺取胜利。因为没有胜利就不能生存。//我们务必认识到,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切,没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈要求和冲

动:人类应当向自己的目标迈进。

【2007年8级测试英译汉】

Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.

Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.

Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.

For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.

【参考译文】

科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹.与此同时,今天,人类所做的及没能做到的事情,不仅危害到这个星球上的生命,也危害到该星球的寿命。

全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此,9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们,更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。

我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中,不过,迫切需要智慧。现在,在(新闻采访的)原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短,即时信息淘汰了杂记文,个人生活变得如痴如狂之际,这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。考虑到这些理由,我过去信仰,而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。

【2008年8级测试英译汉】

But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society.

课文翻译综合英语

The pearl 吉纳,一位穷渔夫,刚发现了一颗非常大而且非常珍贵的珍珠,准备去最近的城镇把它卖掉。他急切需要钱给刚给蝎子螫伤的孩子看病。吉纳发现珍珠前,他---一位可以看病的医生拒绝给孩子治病,因为吉纳付不起治疗费。 一个小镇就像个集群动物,有神经系统头肩膀和肢。它与其他城镇不想连。因此没有两座城镇是相似的。城镇里还有完整的感情。要知道消息是怎样传遍整个小镇的可是个难解之谜。消息传得似乎比小男孩冲出去告诉别人的速度还快,比女人隔着篱笆大声说消息的速度还要快。? 在吉纳胡安纳和其他渔夫回到吉纳的茅草屋前,小镇的神经正随着消息--吉纳发现了世界上最大的珍珠--传播而奔腾,跳动。跑得气喘吁吁的小男孩还没说出这个消息,母亲们早已知晓了。消息席卷而过茅草屋,激起波浪泡沫,然后冲进镇里的石头灰泥瓦房里。消息传到正在花园里散步的牧师,他的眼中露出若有所思的表情,他想起教堂的有些地方该维修了,他纳闷珍珠值多少钱。他想知道是否为吉纳的婴儿施过洗礼,或是否主持过他的结婚仪式。消息传到零售商那儿的时候,他们看着卖的不太好的男式衣服。?? 消息传到医生那儿的时候,他正在给一位妇人看病,这位夫人的疾病其实就是“年龄太老的问题”,尽管他们两人都不承认这点。弄清楚谁是吉纳后,医生变得严肃认真而又明智起来。医生说,“他是我的一个病人,我在给他的孩子治疗被蝎子螫伤的伤口。”眼珠在肿眼泡的眼眶内转来转去,医生想起巴黎,想起那他住过的既宽敞又豪华的房间。越过他的老年病人,医生仿佛看见自己坐在巴黎的一家餐馆,男侍者正在打开酒瓶。 消息早早地传到了教堂前乞讨者,他们咯咯地高兴地笑着,因为他们知道没有比突然

英语专业8级英译汉。

1. Contrast Between English and Chinese Put the following into Chinese, pay special attention to the linguistic differences between English and Chinese. Sentence translation: 1.Now that you are in for it, you must carry on. 2.Cigarettes were the death of me. 3.If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. 4.If you confer a benefit, never remember it; if you receive one, remember it always. 5.Her sighs made it clear that she was unhappy. 6.They had no running water where they lived. Nor did they have any conveniences of life such as gas and electricity. 7.Theatre will be reinvented and become much freer and more imaginative. 8.Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. 9.By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200 Belgian and French lives. 10.It should be noted that he and she were extremely close allies. Passage translation: It seemed a point scored for her side when Joanne, panicked that her father-in-law would bungle the turnoff for the Pulaski Skyway, shattered the tip of her cigarette against the back of the seat and a live ash fell on the baby?s belly. It went unnoticed for a second until Corinne screamed; then they all saw it, a little flea of fire glowing beside the perfect navel. Joanne jumped, and squealed with guilt, and flapped her hands and stamped her feet and hugged the baby against her, but the evidence could not be destroyed; a brown dot of char on the globe of immaculate skin. Corinne continued her screams, splicing them with shrill hard gasps of intake, while everyone rummaged through purses and pockets for Vaseline, butter, toothpaste – anything for an urgent. Mother had a tiny bottle of toilet water given her in a department store; Joanne dabbed some of this on, and in time Corinne, shaken by more and more widely spaced spasms of sobbing, mercifully dragged her injury with her into the burrow of sleep. 2. Cohesion 1.When Smith was drunk, he used to beat his wife and daughter; and the next morning, with a headache, he would rail at the world for its neglect of his genius, and abuse, with a good

综合英语(一)课文及翻译

Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际,千头万绪,最重要的是安排好时间,做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议,或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译:时间真是不好对付,既难以控制好,又很容易浪费掉,当你向前看时,你觉得你的时间用不完。例如,在一个学期的开始,你或许觉得你有许多时间,但到学期快要结束时,你会突然发现时间快用光了,你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完,这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢?控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译:时间是危险的,如果你控制不了时间,时间就会控制你,如果你不能让时间为你服务,它就会起反作用。所以,你必须成为时间的主人,而不是它的奴仆,作为刚入学的大学生,妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译:时间是珍贵的,浪费时间是个坏习惯,这就像毒品一样,你越浪费时间,就越容易继续浪费下去,如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会,你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译:抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间,不要把事情推到明天或是下周,在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.

(完整word版)英语专业翻译实践报告

实践报告 这周是英语专业的翻译实践周,这次的专业实习让我受益匪浅,收获颇多。专业实习的主要目的是要培养我们理论联系实际,综合运用所学基础知识、基本理论和技能,独立分析、解决问题的能力。在大学的第三学年,实习是一个很重要的环节,对我们以后的工作实习也有一定的帮助。所以,我们要端正态度,认真对待这次的专业实习。 我们的主要任务是进行英译汉和汉译英的翻译实践,为此在实践的过程中,我总结了四种必备的翻译工具:一是灵格斯翻译工具,里面可安装各式的词典;二是百度搜索工具;三是有道词典;四是英汉词典;五是汉英词典。翻译的过程如下:首先可以现在灵格斯里查询不懂的单词和词组,寻找最符合原文的解释。然后采取同时在百度和有道词典搜索的做法,并对同种搜索工具搜索结果进行比较。他们有着各自的优缺点。所以我们最后用到的就是英汉和汉英辞典,可以对我们翻译之中的词汇,进行最后的确认,确定出最最准确的译法。 在翻译过程中也遇到到了一些困难,这说明在漫漫的英语学习过程中我还要继续努力。学如逆水行舟,不进则退,只要每天我认真学习,那就是一种进步。人生总归会有许多挫折,但我们若不跨过这道坎,就不会有进步,滞留不前。我们要用有限的生命创造无限的价值,勇敢面对每一个挑战。 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地表达出来的语言行为。当然纸上谈兵是无稽之谈,光有理论知识而不实践操作也是没有用的。有位翻译家这么说过,“学翻译犹如学游泳。只在岸边看别人游,或只听教练讲解,是学不会的。”所以要想提高自己的翻译能力,一定要通过实践。实践可以分为两类,直接的实践和间接的实践。 所谓直接的实践,就是自己亲身参加的实践,也就是自己动手翻译。一回生,二回熟,日积月累,第一手经验多了,做起来得心应手,翻译能力有所提高。所谓“熟能生巧”,就是这个道理。但自己能译的东西是有限的,从这种实践中得出的经验也是有限的。因此,还需要借助于间接的实践。 所谓间接的实践,就是研究别人的译文。比如,一篇文章在手,准备翻译,这时先找一些有关的资料或同类文章的译文看一看,在词语和风格方面定会有所借鉴。别人的译文是别人直接实践的产物,看了别人的译文,就是从事间接实践。

人教版初中英语词汇表

人教版初中英语词汇表初中英语词汇表 (1600个) a (an) art. ability n. able adj. about prep. above prep. abroad adv. accept v. accident n. according to prep. achieve v. across prep. act n. & v. action n. activity n. add v. address n. advantage n. advertisement n. advice n. advise v. afraid adj. after adv., prep & conj. afternoon n. again adv. against prep. age n. ago adv. agree v. agreement n. air n. airline airplane n. airport n. album n.

all adj. & pron. allow v. almost adv. alone adj. along adv. & prep aloud adv. already adv. 第 1 页共 48 页 also adv. although conj. always adv. America / the USA American adj. among prep. and conj. angry adj. animal n. another adj. & pron. answer n. & v. ant n. any pron. & adj. anybody pron. anyone pron. anything pron. anyway adv. anywhere adv. appear v. apple n. April n. area arm n. army n. around prep. arrive v. art n. article n.

综合英语 1 课后翻译答案精编版

Unit 1 1.他对这次面试中可能提到的问题作好了准备。(confront) He has prepared answers to the questions that he may confront during the interview. 2.他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们,使我们几乎哭出声来。(touch) His sad experience touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步,有说有笑。(hand in hand) The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting and laughing. 4.听到这令人激动的消息之后,他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。(well up) When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.上海人容易听懂苏州话,因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common) People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在3年内买一幢新房子。(look into) Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.女儿再三请求到国外去深造,他最终让步了。(give in to) He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.我们在动身去度假之前把所有的贵重物品都锁好了。(lock away) We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.虽然咱们分手了,但我希望咱们依然是好朋友,像以前一样互相关心,互相帮助。(part) Although we have parted from each other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we used to. 10.在紧急关头,军长召集全体军官开会,制定新的克敌战略战术。(summon) At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非,开始对该国进行为期3天的友好访问。(head) A government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs arrived in South Africa yesterday, starting a three-day friendly visit to the country. 2.看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画实在好笑。(awfully funny) It is awfully funny to look at these caricatures which satirize social ills. 3.计算机是最有用的教学工具之一,所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕上显示出来。(show on a screen) Computers are one of the most useful teaching tools, for all your lessons as well as all the questions and all the answers can be shown on a screen. 4.张利的母亲前天突然病倒,他赶紧派人请来医生。(send for) Zhang Li’s mother fell ill the day before yesterday, so he sent for a doctor immediately.

英语专业英译汉

Chinese-English Translation Course Unit One Error Analysis: Part One On the test paper I. Choose the one which is proper and idiomatic . 1. Our home, once full of laughters, now deafens us with its silence. 译文A: 我们的家,曾经充满了欢声笑语,现在却充满了令人震耳欲聋的沉寂。 译文B: 我们的家,曾经充满了欢声笑语,现在却十分安静。 2. There are few of us but admire his courage. 译文A: 我们人人都佩服他的勇气。 译文B: 我们中很少有人佩服他的勇气。 3. All cities did not look like as they do today. 译文A: 在过去,城市面貌并不都像今天这样千篇一律。 译文B: 过去,城市面貌与现在完全不同。 4. To starve oneself emotionally is a mistake. 译文A: 不满足自己感情上的需要是一种错误。 译文B: 使自己的感情挨饥受饿是一种错误。 5.The boss’s girl Friday called me. 译文A: 老板的女儿星期五打电话给我了。 译文B: 老板的女秘书打电话给我了 6. Marriage bed is full of roses and thorns. 译文A: 婚姻总是有苦有甜。 译文B: 婚姻的花坛里既长鲜花也生荆棘。 7. I never go past that kindergarten but think of my happy childhood there. 译文A: 每当我走过那所幼儿园,我就回想起在那里度过的幸福童年。 译文B: 尽管我从未经过那所幼儿园,但是我回想起在那里度过的幸福童年 8. And soon over the whole surface of the marsh, a great cloud of birds hung screaming and circling in the air. 译文A: 很快就有一块乌云似的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着,盘旋着。 译文B: 很快就有黑压压的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着,盘旋着。 9. SS guards then shoved each prisoner in the direction the doctor had indicated. 译文A: 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着被监禁者。 译文B: 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着犯人。 10. Thus it was that our little romantic friend formed visions of the future for herself. 译文A: 我们的小朋友一脑袋幻想,憧憬着美丽的未来。 译文B: 我们浪漫的小朋友憧憬着美好的未来。 II. Improve the Chinese version. 1. He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 译文:他又皱又黑,头发灰白稀疏。 2. Wall Street is a dog-eat-dog place. 译文:华尔街是个狗咬狗的地方。 3. All freely falling bodies descend from the same height in equal time. 译文:一切自由降落的物体,从同样的高度,以相等的时间下降。 4. Why waste breath on them, who have turned such an unwilling ear? 译文:为什么对他们浪费口舌呢?他们又不愿意听。 5. We have plenty of company in the way of wagonloads and mule-loads of tourists — and dust. 译文:跟我们做伴的人真不少,有乘马车的,有骑骡子的——一路尘土飞扬。 6. His speech leaves no room to improvement. 译文:他的演讲没有改进的余地。 7. He thought, not very vividly, of his father and mother. 译文:他并不是很鲜明地想到了他的爸爸和妈妈。 8. Casualties were taken to several hospitals in southwestern Georgia, some of which operated on backup generators. 译文:伤亡人员被送往佐治亚州西南部的几所医院里,其中一些伤者在备用发电机的帮助下动了手术。 9. To cure his patients, he relied on a palette of remedies that included modern science, folk medicine and plain common sense. 译文:为了治疗患者,他运用了调色板方法,其中包括现代科技、民间药物和自己的直觉。

各专业的英文翻译

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实用综合英语第一册复习题 Ⅰ、单选 1. USA Today is known as America’s newspaper and is _______ to all 50 states. A. contributed B. distributed C. attributed D. tributed 2. The aim of the newspaper is to ________ its readers ________ all the information they need to successfully run their businesses. A. supply… with B. supply… to C. supply… for D. supply… as 3. The New York Times is an American daily newspaper ________ in New York City. A. feature B. supply C. published D. distinguish 4. About half of the museums in the USA ____________ history. A. are divided to B. are divided in C. are devoted to D. are devoted in 5. Scientists believe they may have discovered the secret of why women ________ to live longer than men. A. intend B. intends C. tends D. tend 6. Mary is interested in politics and always ______________ the latest news. A. keep in touch with B. keep from C. keep up with D. keep on with 7. Many newspapers __________ advertisement support for their survival. A. depend on B. depend in C. rely in D. rely on 8. We found ______ difficult for us to describe the details. A. he B. this C. that D. it 9. Louise Brown, ______ in England, is the world’s first test tube baby. A. bear B. was born C. born D. bearing 10. People _____ in cities can enjoy more of modern life A. live B. living C. lived D. are living 11. Companies trying to sell and products know that product research plays a vital role in sales success. A. buy B. deliver C. promote D. collect 12. conducting a survey about people’s favorite foods, they formed a special team. A. For the purpose of B. From the purpose of C. In order to D. With a purpose of 13. Consider how your lifestyle would change if your income by 50-60%. A. go down B. take down C. went down D. took down 14. Our project is designed to provide students with an opportunity to earn additional income and experience in their area of interest.

专业英语英译汉

1.我们看到,云计算作为一种计算模式,而不是技术。在这个模型中的“客户”插入到“云”访问IT资源定价,并提供“按需”。从本质上讲,IT资源租用及使用多个租户之间共享办公空间,公寓,或存储空间高达租户。“云”交付了一个互联网连接,取代该公司的数据中心或服务器提供相同的服务。因此,云计算是简单的在互联网上出售及交付的IT服务。参考部分云计算的类型。 2.提供虚拟化服务器上,客户可以运行现有应用程序或者开发新的,无需担心维护操作系统,服务器硬件,负载均衡或计算能力。这些供应商提供API或开发平台来创建和运行在云中的应用程序- 例如使用互联网。托管服务提供商与应用服务提供给IT部门经常被包括在这一类的监视系统和下游应用,如电子邮件病毒扫描. 3.作为面向主题意味着数据将提供有关特定主题的,而不是关于一个公司的功能信息。由于数据仓库是面向主题的,它可以让你分析连接到一个特定主题的信息。即整合意味着在数据仓库中收集到的数据可以来自不同的来源,但也可以合并成一个单元,其相关的和合乎逻辑的。具有随时间变化的装置,该数据仓库内的所有的信息可以与一个特定的时间期间内被发现。 4.重要的是,包含在一个数据仓库中的信息是稳定的。虽然数据可以被添加,它不应该被删除。此属性称为是非易失性的。当一个公司使用了数据仓库是稳定的,这将使他们能够得到他们的公司内部更好地理解操作。尽管这些条款是在上世纪90年代第一次创造,他们仍然是高度精确的今天。然而,应该指出的是,一些数据仓库是挥发性的。这样做的原因是因为许多现代数据仓库处理TB级的数据。因为他们必须存储数TB的数据,很多企业都被迫在一段时间后删除一些自己的信息。例如,一些公司将系统地删除已达到三岁的数据。之前可以建一个数据仓库中,正确的数据必须位于。通常,将要加入到仓库中的信息将来自每日信息或历史信息。历史信息可以被存储在一个传统的系统中,并且是具有挑战性的提取。 5.版权制度一起长大---印刷技术大量生产复制。版权所有来搭配这个技术,因为它限制复制的只有大众生产。它没有采取自由远离书籍的读者。一个普通的读者,谁没有自己的印刷机,只能用钢笔和墨水复印书本,和一些读者被起诉的。 6.数字技术是比印刷机更灵活:当信息具有数字形式,你可以轻松地将它复制到与他人分享。这种非常灵活,使一件不适合与像的版权制度。这就是现在用来执行软件著作权日益肮脏和严厉的措施的原因。考虑软件出版商协会(SPA)这四个做法: 7.所有四种做法类似那些在前苏联,在那里每一个复印机有一个警卫,防止禁止复制使用,使个人不得不偷偷复制信息,并从手工把它传递给手的``地下出版物''。有当然是有区别的:在动机在苏联控制信息是政治,美国的动机是利润。但它是影响我们的行为,而不是动机。任何企图阻止信息的共享,无论什么原因,导致了相同的方法和相同的生硬。 8.目前,有许多的数据是从设备传送到设备的方法。CDMA(码分多址)是一种流行的技术,和TDMA(时分多址)是一秒钟。CDMA传输多个不同的数据分组的一个通道上,用不同的代码接收器之间进行区分。TDMA,另一方面,再次使用一个信道,但下发的每个不同的数据分组的时隙。 9.OFDM不同于这些技术显著;通道本身分为窄频带,并且数据包通过每个频带分别发送。这种方法被证明是比以前使用的技术更有效的,因此它被认为是4G革命的一个组成部分。了解更多:10.由3GPP(第三代合作伙伴计划)小组开发,LTE是一种新的无线宽带技术,它不同于WiMAX 技术。LTE地方上的IP地址非常重视,因为它是密切基于TCP / IP网络骨架。我们的想法是创造足够的IP地址,使每个设备都有一个独特的一个。 11.我们使用互联网的方式它的创作者不可能想象的,从视频的兴起为连接的设备数量之多[1]。我们不断推动互联网的能力,稳定性和安全性,并不可避免地裂缝开始显现。12.与现有的互联网,安全的东西,在很大程度上是被闩上的事后补充- 但国际汽联程序期望的 安全性是从一开始就一个重要的考虑因素[2]。这导致了一些有趣的想法,其中包括安全系统, 它的灵感来自于Facebook的。戴维斯社交链接(DSL)增加了一个“社会控制层”来识别您不 是您的IP地址,而是由你的社会关系网络。如果它的工作原理- 和DSL是在发展的非常非常早 期的阶段- 它可以使问题如垃圾邮件和拒绝服务攻击的主要凹痕。 13.网页一段时间后已经抓取的搜索机器人或爬虫的搜索引擎然后处理或索引页,以确定哪些搜 索词和短语的网页是相关的,以及如何与该网页与其他网页相比对于那些短语。在此处理过程中 的搜索引擎着眼于许多不同的因素,包括有多少次每个单词和短语的页面出现,这词在标题或加 粗上,网站,在页面的文件名,链接到的网页的域名页,等等。 14.究竟哪些因素在搜索引擎看和他们是如何加权称为搜索引擎的搜索排名算法。这就像搜索引 擎的“秘密武器”。每个搜索引擎的算法是不同的,各自是一个戒备森严的秘密。 15.因为每个搜索算法是一些特定的工程师外戒备森严的秘密没有人在每个搜索引擎知道到底有 多少每个特定因素的重量为每个搜索引擎的排名。但是,谁花自己的职业生涯,帮助网站更好的 排名在搜索引擎的人都获得了很好的思路,以什么因素最为重要。 16.人工智能解决的终极难题之一。这怎么可能为一个缓慢的,微小的大脑,无论是生物或电子, 感知,理解,预测和操纵的世界远远大与比自己更复杂?如何做才好做一些与这些属性?这些都 是难以回答的问题,但搜索速度快于光速旅行或反重力装置不同的是,在人工智能的研究人员有 证据显示,这个任务是可能的。所有的研究人员所要做的就是照照镜子,看看智能系统的一个例 子。 17.AI是最新的学科之一。它正式成立于1956年,当时的名称是杜撰发起的,虽然在这一点上 的工作一直在进行约五年。随着现代遗传学,这通常被认为是该领域的''我最想的科学家在其他 学科是在''。在物理学学生可以合理认为所有的好想法已经采取了伽利略,牛顿,爱因斯坦,剩 下的,并且,它需要多年的研究才可以提供新的思路。AI,另一方面,仍然有开口全职爱因斯 坦。 18.当分子生物学家开始生成DNA序列数据27年前,它是自然的,计算机科学家和数学家将采 取了浓厚的兴趣。在这里的杂乱,湿,模拟生物世界是数字的信息:编码用于活细胞的蛋白质机 器的整个蓝图4的化学基团的线性字符串。你怎么会不感兴趣开裂的代码? 19.你将永远不会有去打猎了笔纸或一块一遍,再也不必担心寻找那个失踪餐巾潦草地写上了新 的系统设计。在类似的多媒体个人电脑,所有的消费电子产品发展的方式- 音乐CD播放机, 传真机,寻呼机,音频期刊- 将被集成到可穿戴式设计。一台设备将能够处理所有形式的电子 媒体,无论它是音频,视频,或无线数字通信。可穿戴计算的很少意识到方面是增强现实:现实 世界和虚拟世界的无缝集成。当叠加了外部世界的看法电子存储信息是非常有用的。例如:字幕 显示与博物馆的展品,在脸上名称(通过面部识别),与当前项目相关的接线原理图。 20.私家侦探,通过反射技术制造,是一个基于LED显示屏,可以在720-780的分辨率产生黑白 图像,它使用振镜来创建此图像。 21.在西哈诺科学,inc .我们是商业化电子鼻技术发明了加州理工学院的技术。该技术包括传感器 组成的数组,将填充聚合物导电粒子。当这些传感器接触一个蒸汽,聚合物扩大改变电阻的复合。 这种变化在电阻会传送到一台电脑和模式来自传感器阵列是用于确定类型、数量或质量的气味, 感觉到。这种类型的信息是有用的在一个广泛的行业包括化工、汽车、医药、石油、食品和香水。 22.除臭剂、肥皂、香水和葡萄酒都是消费产品开发的帮助人类感官面板。替换或增加人类的方 法与客观电子鼻是目前正在接受调查。这个工具不仅会很有用,在新产品的开发,也为质量控制生 产环境。许多制造地板配有自动视觉检测。 23.1、人机界面(HCIS),计算机及其用户之间的联系;2、增强感知,这些工具可以提高人类 的正常认知能力;3、自动媒体解读,它提供了先进的数字媒体,如视频和电影的内容的理解, 而不需要人工干预或注解;4、视频监控和生物识别技术。 24.第一步包括通过减去估计的“背景图像”- 1,它表示仅在静态对象的场景,从当前帧(图 3a和3b,左)检测场景中的所有的运动物体。下一步是区分的形状因子,如高度的基础上,移 动车辆人:宽之比,并以查找他们的头的顶部区域中的轮廓。在这种方式中,头部的速度在每一 帧被自动确定。然后,一系列速度样品重复测量每个人的场面。每个系列占地面积约10秒的间 隔,这足以侦测可疑行为模式。 25.算法序列比较,并找到类似的地区是在生物信息学的心脏。在许多不同的层面,它们被用来 寻找基因,确定其职能,研究他们的监管和评估如何,以及整个基因组随着时间而演变。 26.这个问题,在我看来,我们当前的电脑都是又聋又盲:他们体验世界只有通过键盘和鼠标。 即使是多媒体机器,那些处理音像信号和文本一样,只是运输字符串的数据。他们不了解他们传 达的字符,声音和图片的背后意义。我相信计算机必须能够看到和听到我们在做什么在证明的很 有帮助之前。更重要的是,他们必须能够认识到我们是谁,尽可能多的另一个人或甚至一只狗会, 理解我们所思考的。 27.我们的最终产品利用了事实,Pfinder 遵循用户的位置在所有时间。借贷这信息,语音识别 系统电子“引导”一组固定的麦克风,以便他们加强只有那些声音的方向,用户的嘴。这是一个 容易的工作。因为在一个固定的声音传播速度,他到达不同的位置在稍微不同的时代。所以每一 个声音位置的不同模式的收益率时间延迟。因此,如果系统需要的输出和一个固定的阵列麦克风, 并将其添加到时间延迟,描述一个特定的位置,它可以从该位置加强声音。然后他只需要比较声 音与已知的单词,直到找到匹配。

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