大学英语四级词汇表(新大纲-免费下载).doc

大学英语四级词汇短语总归纳名词与介词的搭配

1. 名词+about

complaint about 抱怨

concern about 关心,照顾

doubt about (of) 对…的怀疑

discussion about (of, on) 讨论

information about 有关…的信息

opinion about (on) 对…意见

2. 名词+against

complaint against 控诉

caution against 提防

insurance against 保险

precaution against 预防

protection against 防护

spite against 怨恨

struggle against 与…斗争

war against 对…的战争

warning against 告诫

3. 名词+for

affection for 对…的爱

ambition for 有…的抱负

anxiety for 焦虑,担心

attraction for 吸引

capacity for 做…的能力

care for 关心,喜欢

cause for …的起因

consideration for 考虑

contempt for 对…藐视

cure for 治…的良药/疗法

demand for 对…需求

excuse for …的借口

explanation for (of) 对…的解释

fine for 因…而罚款

longing for 渴望

necessity for 对…的需求

passion for 对…的酷爱

preparation for 准备punishment for 因…而受罚reason for …的理由

regret for 因…而后悔reputation for …的名声

request for 对…要求,请求requirement for …的要求,条件respect for 对…尊敬responsibility for 对…的责任substitute for …的替代品sympathy for 对…的同情

talent for 有…的天赋

4. 名词+from

absence from 缺席

divorce from 与…离婚,脱离retirement from 从…退休shelter from 躲避

freedom from 摆脱

relief from 免除,解除

5. 名词+in

belief in 对…的信仰,信任

break in 强行闯入;插嘴,打断change in 在…方面的变化decrease/fall/decline/drop in 在…方面的减少

increase/rise in 在…方面的增加delight in 喜欢

faith in 对…信任

progress in 在…方面的进步success in 在…上的成功

trust in 对…的信任

6. 名词+into

development into 发展成

inquiry into 对…调查、询问insight into 对…深刻理解,洞见investigation into 对…的深入调查research into 研究

study into 对…的研究

7. 名词+of

attack of 患…病

care of (=in care of) 由…转交

doubt of 对…怀疑

dream of …的梦想

the idea (thought) of 对…想法impression of 对…的印象

intention of …的意图

lack of 缺少

neglect of 对…的疏忽

opinion of 对…的看法

8. 名词+on

attack on 攻击

authority on …方面的权威

comment on 对…发表评论congratulation on 祝贺

dependence on 依赖

effect on 影响

emphasis on 对…强调

impact on 影响

(leave/make an) impression on

对…留下印象

improvement on 对…的改进

influence on 对…的影响

judgement on 根据…的判断

lecture on 有关…的讲座

mercy (pity) on 怜悯

operation on 给…动手术

pressure on 对…的压力

reliance on 依赖

remark on 对…的评论

9. 名词+over

advantage over 比…优越

authority over 对(某人)的控制、管理权力choice over 先于…的选择,不选择…control over 对…的控制

increase over 比…增加

power over 对…的权力

preference over 比…更喜欢,先于…的选择priority over 比…优先

superiority over 比…优越,优于

10. 名词+to

access to 接近,…的通路

accident to 发生于…的事故

admission to 准许进入…

approach to …的方法

assent to 同意

attention to 对…的注意

attitude to (toward) 对…态度

blindness to 对…不知

clue to …的线索

contribution to 对…的贡献

door to 通向…的门

entrance/entry to 通向…的入口

exception to …的例外

exposure to 接触,暴露于

gratitude to 对…感激

guide to …的指南

indifference to 对…无动于衷

introduction to …入门,介绍,引见

key to …的答案,…的关键

marriage to 与…结婚

monument to …的纪念碑

objection to 反对

opposition to 反对

preface/forward to …的前言

reply to 答复

respond to 对…的回答,答复;对…响应,反应;(药物)有效resistance to 抵制…

ratio to 与…之比

right to …的权力

solution to …的答案

traitor to …的叛徒,背叛…

11. 名词+with

acquaintance with 与…认识

alliance with 与…联盟

bargain with 与…讨价还价

chat with 与…闲谈

coincidence with 与…的巧合

collision with 与…相撞

connection with 与…相关

consultation with 与…协商

conversation with 与…交谈

correspondence with 与…通信

familiarity with 与…熟悉

harmony with 与…和谐

the matter with …有问题/麻烦

patience with 对…耐心

形容词与介词的搭配

1. 形容词+about

anxious about 担心,挂念

cautious about 谨慎,小心对待careful about 讲究,重视

certain about 对…有把握enthusiastic about 热心于

happy about 因…而高兴

nervous about 担心,害怕;因…而紧张particular about 对…讲究,挑剔

2. 形容词+at

amazed at 对…惊讶

angry at (about) 对…生气

apt at 善于

bad at 不善于

clever at 擅长于

clumsy at 做…很笨拙disappointed at 对…失望

excellent at 极其擅长于

expert at 专于…

famous at …的名手

good at 擅长于,精于…

impressed at 对…印象深刻offended at 因…而生气

quick at 敏于

slow at 在…方面迟钝

ready at 善于

3. 形容词+for

adequate for 适合于

anxious for 急切地盼望

bound for 开往…的

competent for 能胜任…的convenient for 对…方便

crucial for 对…起决定作用的eager for 急切地盼望

famous for 因…而著名

fit for 适合于

good for 对…有益

known for 对…应负责

qualified for 对(工作等)称职

ready for 准备

responsible for 对…负责

4. 形容词+from

absent from 缺席,未出席

different from 与…不同

distinct from 与…有差别

free from 免于,不受…影响

immune from 免除…的,不受…影响的

safe from 不受…危险的

separate from 与…相分离的

5. 形容词+in

absorbed in 全神贯注于

constant in 对…/在…上忠贞不渝、锲而不舍confident in 对…信任

deficient in 缺乏

excellent in 优于…,在…方面非常优秀expert in 专长于

fortunate in 有幸于

involved in 卷入,与…与牵连

proficient in 在…方面很熟练,精于

skillful in 善于

slow in 在…方面很慢/迟钝

successful in 在…方面成功

6. 形容词+of

afraid of 担心,害怕

ashamed of 为…感到羞耻

appreciative of 感谢…

aware of 知道,了解

capable of 能…,可能…

characteristic of 是…的特点,为…所特有careful of 对…爱护,珍惜

composed of 由…构成

conscious of 意识到

critical of 批评,挑剔

envious of 对…嫉妒

exclusive of 排除,不计… 在内

fond of 喜欢

free of 免除…的,不受…影响的

frightened of 害怕…的

full of 充满…的

glad of 为…而高兴

guilty of 犯有…罪的

ignorant of 不了解…,不知道…,对…无知的inclusive of 包括…

independent of 独立于

jealous of 对…嫉妒的

made (up) of 由…制成

proud of 为…而自豪

scared of 对…害怕

sensible of 可觉察出…

short of 缺乏…的

sick of 厌烦,讨厌…的suggestive of 暗示…的

sure of 确信…

suspicious of 对…怀疑的

tired of 对…感到厌烦

typical of 是…的特点

worthy of 值得…的

7. 形容词+on

dependent on 依靠

keen on 迷恋

intent on 一心一意做

hard on 对…苛刻

reliant on 依赖于…

stern on 对…严厉

8. 形容词+to

adj acent to 与…毗邻

alike to 与…一样

contrary to 违反,相反

drawn to 被吸引到

equal to 等于…

familiar to 是…所熟悉的

immune to 对…有免疫力,不受影响indifferent to 对…不在乎

inferior to 劣于…,低于…

liable to 有…的倾向

loyal to 忠于…

next to 邻于…

obedient to 服从于

opposed to 反对

peculiar to 为…所特有preferable to 比…更好

prior to 先于,早于

related to 与…有关系

relevant to 与…相关的

resistant to 抵制…

responsible to 对…有反应sensitive to 对…敏感的

similar to 与…相似

subject (ed) to 受…影响

subordinate to 从属于

superior to 比…更高(或更优)

tied to 过分依赖于,系于

true to 忠实于

used to 习惯于

9. 形容词+with

angry with 与(人)生气

associated with 与…相关联

busy with 忙于

compatible with 与…相容、兼容的consistent with 与…一致

content with 满足于

disappointed with (sb./sth.)

对…失望

faced with 面临

familiar with 对…精通,熟悉

flush with 充满,富于

frank with 对…坦率

friendly with 与…友好

identical with 与…相同

ill with 生…病

impressed with 对…印象很深incompatible with 与…不相容的(不一致的) patient with 对…耐心

popular with 为…所喜闻乐见

wrong with 出故障

动词与介词的搭配

1. 动词+about

argue about 就…争论,辩论

bargain about 就…讨价还价

debate about 就…辩论

dispute about 就…进行争议

inquire about 询问,打听

2. 动词+after

ask after 问安

chase after 追逐

go after 设法得到、追求

inquire after 问候

run after 追赶

see after 照顾,留意

take after 长得像

name (sth./sb.) after 根据…命名3. 动词+O+as

acknowledge sth./sb. as 承认…是choose sth./sb. as 作为…选取classify sth./sb. as 把…分作

define sth. sb. as 把…定义为depict sth./sb. as 把…描述为describe sth./sb. as 把…描述为elect sth./sb. as 把…选作

employ sth./sb. as 雇/用…来充当express sth./sb. as 把…表达为interpret sth./sb. as 把…解释为look on sth./sb. as 把…视作

name sth./sb. as 把…命名为picture sth./sb. as 把…描述成recognize sth./sb. as 认出…是

refer to sth./sb. as 把…称作是represent sth./sb. as 描绘、声称…为see sth./sb. as 把…视作

treat sth./sb. as 把…当作…对待use sth./sb. as 把…用作

view sth./sb. as 把…视作

4. 动词+at

arrive at 到达

call at 访问(地)

drive (get) at 意旨,用意

keep at 坚持

laugh at 嘲笑

look at 注视

run at 攻击

5. 动词+by

come by 偶然遇见,弄到

cut by 削减,少了

decrease by 减少了

expand by 扩大了

fall/rise/drop by 下降/上升/下跌

go by 依照

increase by 增加了…

profit by 受益于…

6. 动词+for

act for 代理

account for 说明…的原因(用途等);占(比重) apply for 申请

arrange for sb. (to do sth.)

安排sb. (做某事)

call for 要求

care for 挂念

change/alter for the better/worse

好转/变坏

fall for 受…的骗,上…的当

7. 动词+from

benefit from 受益于

come from 来自/源于

derive from 产生于,起源于

develop from 由…发展而来

differ from…(in sth.)

在…方面与…不同

hear from sb. 收到…的信

learn from 从…学习,向…学习

result from 产生于,起因于

keep from 克制,忍住,抑制

profit from 从…谋利

range from…to… 从…到…不等

refrain from 忍住不,戒除

resign from 从…辞职,辞退(工作)

result from 产生于

shelter from 躲避

stem from 起源于

suffer from 受…之苦

vary from…to…(between…and…)

因…而异,从…到…变动

dissuade sb. from 说服sb. 不做distinguish…from 区别…与…

excuse sb. from给sb. 免去,同意sb. 不做某事keep…from 使…不…

prevent…from 防止…做某事

prohibit sb. from 禁止sb. 做某事

protect sth./sb. from保护sth./sb. 不受…伤害remove sth./sb. from把sth./sb. 从…弄走restrain sth./sb. from阻止sth./sb. 做某事save sth./sb. from把sth./sb. 从…中救出来separate sth./sb. from

shelter sth./sb. from

掩护sth./sb. 免受…袭击sth./sb. shield sth./sb. from

遮挡sth./sb. 以保护sth./sb.

8. 动词+in, into

believe in 信任,信赖

break into 打断

consist in 在于

deal in 经营

engage in 从事,参加

indulge in 肆意从事,沉迷于interfere in 干涉,插手

lie in 在于

look into 调查;窥视

originate in 起源于

participate in 参加

persist in 坚持

reside in 存在于,归属于

result in 导致

run into 偶然遇见;碰撞

succeed in 成功

turn into 把…变成

coax sb. into 哄骗sb. (做某事) convert…into 把…改变成

deceive sb. into 欺骗某人(做某事) force sb. into 强迫某人(做某事) frighten sb, into 吓唬某人去(做某事) insert…into 把…插入

lead…into 把…引入

make…into 把…制成

mislead sb. into 误导…进入persuade sb. into 说服某人(做某事) pitch…into 把…扔/掷入…

shock sb. into 把…震惊得…

talk sb. into 说服某人(做某事) tempt sb. into 引诱sb. (做某事) translate sth. into 把…译成

trick sb. into 诱使某人(做某事) turn…into 把…变成

9. 动词+of

approve of 赞成

avail of 利用

boast of 夸耀

consist of (=be composed/made of)

由…组成

doubt of 怀疑

tire of 厌倦

inquire of 询问

speak of 谈及

accuse sb. of 指控sb. (犯有某过错)

assure sb. of 使某人确信…,向某人保证…convince sb. of 使某人相信…

inform sb. of 通知某人某事

notify sb. of 通知某人某事

persuade sb. of 使某人相信…

remind sb. of 使某人想起某事

suspect sb. of 怀疑某人(有某过错)

tell sb. of 告诉某人某事

warn sb. of 警告某人(有某危险)

clear…of 清理掉…上的(某物)

cure sb. of 治愈sb. 的(病)

deprive sb. of 缓解sb. 的…,使sb. 减轻/缓解…free sb. of 使sb. 摆脱/消除…

purify…of 为…清除,通过纯化使…摆脱

relieve sb. of 使sb. 解除/免除…

rid sb. of 使sb. 摆脱

rob sb. of 抢走sb. (某物)

strip sb. of 剥夺sb. (某物)

ask sth. of sb. 向sb. 请求sth.

beg sth. of sb. 向某人恳求sth.

demand sth. of sb. 向sb.要求索取sth.

expect sth. of sb. 指望、期待sb. 做sth.

request sth. of sb. 向sb. 要求/请求sth.

require sth. of sb. 需要sb. (做)某事,向sb.要求sth. want sth. of sb. 要sb. (做)某事

10. 动词+on, up on

attend on 侍候

bear (up) on 与…有关

center on (around) 集中于,以…为中心

call on 拜访(人),号召

come upon 突然发生

concentrate on 集中,专心于

count on 依赖,指望

debate on 就…进行辩论

depend (up) on 依靠

dawn (up) on 渐渐被理解

dispute on 在…方面进行争辩

exist on 靠…生存

feed on 以…为主食

figure on 指望,打算

focus on (使…)集中于…

hit (up) on 意外发现

insist on 坚持

live on 以…为生

pick on 批评,讥笑

rely on 依靠

settle on 决定;停栖于…之上

tell on 影响,泄漏

touch (up) on 谈到,涉及

turn on 视…而定

wait on 侍候

base sth. on 把…建立在…之上

consult sb. on 就…请教sb.

expend/spend sth. on 把sth.花去(做)某事上impose sth. on sb. 把…强加在sb.上

keep an eye on 密切关注

keep one’s mind o n 专心于

lay (one’s) hands on 拿到,抓到

11. 动词+over

dispute over 就/为…争辩

get over 复习

look over 查看,审阅;看一遍

quarrel over 为…争吵

run over 从…上辗过;浏览

12. 动词+through

come through 成功,做完;经历…仍活着get through 结束,完成;及格

help through 帮助sb. 渡过(难关)

look through 翻阅

pull through 恢复,渡过(难关)

put through 使通过

see through 识破;负责帮助sb. 渡过(难关) 13. 动词+to

adapt to 适应于

add to 增加,增长

adhere to 坚持

amount to 达到,等于

appeal to 对…有吸引力

apply to (向…)请求

attend to 注意,从事于

cling to 粘着,缠着

come to 总计达

conform to 遵守,与…保持一致

confess to 承认

contribute to 有助于,对…作出贡献

correspond to 符合

extend to 延伸到

happen to sb. 某遭遇到…

keep to 固守

lead to 导致

matter to sb. 对sb. 来说很重要

object to 反对

point to 指向,面指

refer to 指,参考

resort to 诉诸于,求助于

see to 留心,注意;负责处理

set to 开始大干起来

stick to 坚持

submit to 屈从,服从,顺从

succeed to 继承

switch to 转向

turn to 变成;求助于

yield to 向…屈服

adapt oneself to 使自己适应

adjust sth. to 调整sth. 以使之适应

apply A to B 把A用之于B,把A敷于B

attach A to B=(be attached to)

使A附于B

commit sth. to 把…交给/托给

contribute much/a lot to sth.

为…作出巨大贡献

credit sth. to sb. 把sth. 归功于sb.

devote sth. to 把…奉献于

expose sth. to 使sth. 暴露于/接触

extend sth. to 把sth. 延伸到

leave sth. to sb. (be left to sb.)

把sth. 留给sb.

owe sth. to 欠…sth.;应把sth.归功于

present sth. to sb. 把sth. 向sb. 引见;把sth.给予sb. relate A to B 使A与B相关

refer sb. to sth. 让某人去参考sth.

release sth. to 向…公布sth.

reveal sth. to 把sth. 透露给

shift sth. from…to… 使sth. 由…向…转变/过渡

transmit sth. to 把sth. 传送给

14. 动词+with

agree with 同意(人)

associate with 与…交往

coincide with 与…巧合

collide with 与…相撞

comply with 照…行事

consult with sb. 与…商讨

cope with 对付,处理

correspond with 与…通讯

couple with 与…配对

deal with 处理

disagree with 不同意

go with 与…一致

interfere with 干扰

keep with 陪伴…留在…一起

match with 与…相匹配

proceed with 继续进行

reason with 与…讲理

remain with 保留在…身边

sympathize with 同情

do away with 去掉,废除

lose contact with 与…失去联系

acquaint sb. with 使sb. 认识/熟悉

bother sb. with 用…来打搅sb.

busy oneself with 使自己忙于

charge sb. with 指控某人有…罪

combine…with 使…与…相结合

compare…with 把…与…相比

connect…with 把…与…相连接

contrast…with 使…与…相对照

coordinate…with 使…与…相协调

credit sth./sb. with 认为…应归功于sth./sb. exchange sth. with 用sth.与…相交换

familiarize sb. with 使sb. 熟悉

line sth. with 使sth. 布满(线状物),沿sth. 两侧排上…link…with 使…与…相连

present sb. with 赠送sb. (sth.)

relate…with 使…与…相关联

常考介词短语

by/from all accounts 大家一致认为,根据各方面所说of no account 无足轻重

on all accounts 无论如何

(not…) on any account 无论如何(都不)

on every account (=on all accounts)

无论如何

on no account 决不

by all means 务必,尽一切办法;完全可以

by any means 无论如何

by no means 决不

by some means 通过某种方法,用某种办法

at last 最后,终于

at long last (=at last) 终于,久而久之

in the long run 归根到底,终于

in the end 最后

by the end of 到…结束后

all the time 一直,自始至终

for a long time 长时间

at the moment 此刻;暂时

for a moment 片刻;暂时

for the moment 目前

in a moment 立即

for an instant 一时

in an instant 立刻,瞬间

on the instant 立即,马上

on occasion 间或;随时

time and again 一再地,几次三番

at intervals 不时,经常

at regular intervals 每隔一定时间

far apart 相隔很远

in between 在中间

by far (修饰比较级,最高级)…得多

to (the full) 最大限度地

in a way 在某种程度上

by the way 顺便地,附带地说说

in any way 无论如何,在任何方面

in every way 在各方面,无论从哪方面说都

in the way 挡道的,妨碍人的

out of the way 离正道,出常规,偏僻

at a loss 迷惑,不知所措

at ease 自在;心安

at hand 在手边,在附近;迫近,临近

at heart 内心里

at random 随意地,随便地

by accident 偶然,无意中

on purpose 故意地

by itself/oneself 独立地,独自地

by nature 生来,本来

by right(s) 当然

in association (with) (与…)协作/交往/联系in doubt 令人怀疑的,可疑的,抱着怀疑

in general 一般;大体上

in particular 特别地

in person 亲自

in private 秘密地

in public 公开地,公然

in question 所述的;有关的

in response (to) 响应,应…而

in vain 白费地;徒劳地

in one’s absence/presence

在某人不在的时候/当着某人的面

in short supply (物资)供应不足

in no mood to 没有心思(心情)做…

in the belief that 相信…

on the decline/fall 在下坡路上,在衰退中on the increase/rise 在增长中,在上升

on the run 奔忙;在逃亡中

on the wing 飞翔中;旅行中

on the fours 匍匐着;爬着

out of hand 立刻;不受约束,难以控制

out of order 混乱,杂乱;发生故障;失调out of place 不适当的,不相称的

out of practice 荒疏的;不开业的

out of question 毫无疑问

out of stock 无存货,售空

out of the question 不可能的,做不到的

out of work 失业

beyond compare 无与伦比的

beyond deion 难以形容

beyond one’s means 入不敷出

beyond one’s reach/power

力不能及

beyond praise 夸不胜夸

beyond one’s wildest dreams

连做梦都不敢想的,怎么都想不到的

beyond recognition 认不出的

beyond repair 修不好的

under arrest 在拘留中;被捕

under control 在控制下

under consideration 在考虑中

under cultivation 在耕作中

under discussion 在讨论中

under investigation 在调查中

under repair 在修理中

under study 在研究中

under treatment 在治疗/处理中

under way 在进行中

above all 尤其是,最重要的

after all 究意;到底;毕竟

all in all 全部地,整个地

as a result 结果;因此

as usual 照例,照常

in a word 一句话,总而言之

in conclusion 最后

on an/the average 平均,平均来说

on the contrary 相反地

常考短语动词

break away 摆脱(关系);逃脱

break down (机器等)损坏,出故障;(谈判等)破裂;(人)垮掉break in 闯入,打断,插嘴

break off 终止,中断

break through 突围,突破;重大突破,取得重大成果break up 打碎,粉碎;终止,结束;解放

bring about 导致,引起

bring back 使记起,归还

bring down 降低,打倒

bring forth 产生,引起(结果);提出,宣布

bring forward 提出,提议

bring off 完成,使成功

bring on 带来,引起,帮助

bring out 生产,制造;使显出,显露;出版,公布

bring over 说服,使转变(思想)

bring up 养育,培养

call for 要求,需要

call in 约请,叫进来

call off 取消

call on 拜访(sb.);号召,请求,呼吁(sb. to do sth.) call out 唤起,大声叫;向…挑战

call up 召集,动员;打电话;使人想起

care about 关心,操心,计较

care for 照管,关心;喜欢,愿意

carry forward 推进,发扬

carry off 夺去(生命),夺得(奖牌等)

carry on 继续进行下去

carry out 执行,贯彻

carry over 贮存下来,把…争取进来,说服

catch on 理解,了解;受欢迎;被钩住

catch up 急起直追,赶上

catch up with 赶上

clear away 清除,收拾;(云等)消散

clear off 走开;驱逐;清偿

clear out 清除,清理…的内部

clear up 整理,收拾;解释,清除(误会等);(天气)放晴come about 发生;转身

come across (仍然)碰见,发现

come after 继…而来,跟踪而来

come at 达到…接近;袭击

come down with 得/患(病,尤指传染性疾病)而病倒come off 发生,举行;成功,奏效脱落

come out 出现,显露,出版,发表结果是

come round 苏醒,复原;转向,改变主意

come through 经历…仍活着;脱险,获得成功

come to 苏醒;总计为

come up 走近;长出,发芽;被提出来

come up against 遭遇(困难或反对);迎击,与…相违背come up with 想出(计划,答案,回答等),提出

count in 把…算在内

count on 依靠,指望

count out 点…的数;把…不算在内

count up 把…相加

count out 删去,取消

cut across 抄近路穿过,对直通过

cut away 切/砍掉

cut down (尤指数量,数额上)削减,减少,降低

cut in 插嘴,打断;超车抢挡

cut off 切断,中断

cut out 割去,删去

cut short 使停止,打断;缩减,截短

cut up 切/砍碎,划破

do over 重新做,收拾干净

do away with 去掉,废除

do up 修缮,整修;梳理,化妆

do without 没有…也行

drive at 意指,意欲

drive away 驱走

drive sb. back on sth.

迫使某人使用他本人不愿用的(资源,方法等)

drive down 压低,使…下降

drive in 把…赶进,把…,敲入

drive off 开走,击退

drive up 抬高,使…上升

fall back on 求助于,转而依靠

fall behind 落后,落后于…

fall into 落入,陷于,分成

fall off 从…上掉落,变坏,死亡

fall out 争吵闹翻;结果是

fall through 落空,失败

fill in 填充,填写;临时代替

fill into 填入