专八改错训练及答案

改错练习

1. Before 1973, abortion was illegal in America unless the woman's health was threatened. In March of 1970, Jane Roe, a single woman, instituted this federal action against the District Attorney of the country. The original idea was that women who truly did not want a baby should not have to have it. __1__ Since pregnacy may be a blessed act when planned or wanted, __2__ forced pregnacy, like any force bodily invasion, is anathema to American values and traditions. As legalized abortion has become an everyday part of American life, a different side to it has emerged out. __3__ Where women once were aborting because they did not want a child, the reasons being given now were becoming very different. __4__ Abortion has turned into something that women are being coerced from boyfriends'/husbands' unwilling to be fathers, out of fear __5__ of the financial pressure, out of the panic from losing their jobs, out of panic from having to quit the school, or becoming __6__ homeless, or out of fear of their parents kicking them out into the street. Abortion for these reasons can lead to problems which develop when a woman is unable to get round her emotional responses __7__ from the trauma of an abortion. There are women who abort and do so completely of her own free will. These women have no __8__ regrets, no remorse, but are happy they had this choice available. __9__ But a growing number of women are speaking up about how abortion effected them adversely. __10__

2. Several years ago, we began construction on a new church building. In the beginning, the workmen dug a big pit in the ground and then they began to pour footings. Footings are cement piers under __1__ which the entire building rests. They are crucial to the strength of the finished structure. After the foundation hole is dug, the footings must be poured quickly, before the composition of the soil is changed by the wind, air, or water. With a similar way in these brief early __2__ years, parents of young children have the challenging job of lying __3__ the foundation that will support family friendships in later years.

Physical affectation and verbal affirmation are necessary in laying __4__ a strong foundation for friendship. Hug, hug, hug. Even if you are not __5__ raised in a hugging family, hug your kids anyway. They need the warmth of physical contact and so do you need. A young child will try to __6__ manipulate and be in the charge. He will attempt to get his own way. __7__ Since the child may not be consciously trying to control, this is __8__ what he is doing. A wise parent must not permit to happen. __9__ When a child respects his parents, he will also respect the others. __10__

3. Thirty or forty years ago, when most mothers in the United States didn't have jobs, homes were busier places. Children went to school from 9 A.M to 3 P.M. and spent the most of the time in the house under their__1__ mother's watchful eyes. Children played, watched TV, and did homework, and while they weren't in the house, __2__ they were outside in the front or backyard or playing nearly with other neighborhood children. Though this situation still exists in some communities today, it is becoming rarer and rarer as more and more mothers have work inside the home. These "two-income__3__ families" create a different kind of home—one that is a place to stop temporarily in the midst of a busy schedule __4__ of activities. Because working parents often leave the house by 8 A.M and return at 5 or 6 P.M, children go to school and then a series of

highly-programmed after-school activities.__5__ So when school lets out for two or three weeks at New Y ear's time, many parents may face with a troubling situation.__6__ Some researches show the kind of child-care problem the holidays can have for busy parents. Even in those families __7__ in which the mother is home, there is often many active __8__ neighborhood full of children playing since most of the other children are involved in activities. This result from the irony __9__ of both parents and children anxiously look forward to the end__10__ of their vacation.

4. Poverty exists because our society is an unequal one, and there are powerful political pressures to keep it that way. Any attempt to redistributing wealth and in __1__ come in the United States will inevitably be opposed by powerful middle and upper class interests. People can be relatively rich only if you are relatively poor, and as __2__ power is mainly in the hands of the rich, public policies reflect their interests than __3__ those of the poor. As Mr. Herbert Gans has pointed out, poverty is actually functional from the point of view of the non poor. Poverty ensures that dirty work gets doing. If there __4__ were no poor people to scrub floors and empty bedpans, there jobs will have to be __5__ rewarded with high incomes before anyone would touch them. Poverty creates jobs for many of the non poor, such as police officers, welfare workers, and government bureaucrats. Poverty makes life easier for the rich by providing them with cookers, __6__ gardeners, and other workers to perform basic chores when their employers enjoy __7__ more pleasurable activities. Poverty provides a market for more inferior goods and __8__ service, such as day old bread, run down automobiles, or the advice of competent __9__ physicians and lawyers. Poverty also provides a group that can be made to absorb the costs of change. It is just that poverty is an inevitable outcome of the American economic system, in which the poor are politically powerless to influence or change. __10__

5. Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language, and __but1__few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons about this, __for2__ some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very () better than they do is that __3much__ they fail to grasp the true name of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it by the right way. Far too many people fail to realize __nature4__ that pronounce a foreign language is a skill; one that_pronounce_5__ needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of himself. __itself6__ I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerning with speaking the__concerned7__ language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher may be prepared to __should8__ devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole attitude to the subject he should get the student to feel that here is a matter worth of receiving his close ttention.__去掉9__ So, there should be occasions where other aspects of English, _when _10__ such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take a secondary place.

改错【答案】1

1.it——one. it和one用来指代时，it通常用于特指，one通常用于类指。结合上下文，此处应当指代前文的a baby，是类指，所以应当用one.

2.Since——While.这里考的是根据上下文的逻辑关系判断连接词的使用。前后两个分句是对比pregnancy和forced pregnancy这两个方面，所以应该选用表示对比的连用词while.

3.out——/.emerge一词后面不要受到中文的影响加上out；但是可以说come out. emerge 可以和介词from搭配，表示“从……中浮现出来”。

4.were——are.虽然这一句从句中是过去时态，但是主句中谈的是“现在”的情况，所以应当用现在时态。

5.^from——into.动词coerce要和介词into搭配。coerce somebody into something，意思是“胁迫某人做某事”。

6.the——/.school 前带定冠词时通常是特指，不带冠词通常是类指。这里说“辍学”，应当是类指，所以不能带定冠词。

7.round——through. get through 的意思是“度过（经济，感情等的）难关”，get round 有“说服”的意思，原文是说“客服流畅造成的情感创伤”，应当用get through.

8.her——their.这里的代词是指前文提到的women，所以应该是复数。

9.but （are）——and.从逻辑关系来看，这一句“很高兴有这个选择”和前文“没有遗憾、不后悔”是一致的、并列的，所以不能用转折连词。

10.effected——affected. effect和affect两个词形近，而词性不同，容易混淆。前者通常作为名词，后者是动词。

【答案】2

1.under——upon/on.footing是“地基”的意思，一般来说，整幢建筑物怎么可能在地基之下呢？所以，介词under应该改成upon或on.

2.with——in.in a similar way 意思是“以一种相似的方式”，way表示方式时通常和介词in搭配。

3.lying——laying.lying是lie的-ing分词，而lie的意思是“平躺”或“说谎”，都和原文的意思及搭配不符。

4.affectation——affection.前者是“不自然”，后者是“感情，慈爱”。physical affection 的意思是“通过身体语言表现出来的慈爱”。

5.are——were.文中的you指的是孩子的父母，已经为人父母的人被养大成人的过程中应该是在过去的时间。所以这里应该用过去时态。

6.need——\.“so+代动词do+somebody”这个结构已经替代了前面句子的谓语，是一个动词性替代，做简短反应，这里加一个动词need是多余的。

7.the——\.be in charge 意思是“主管，控制”，这里是说孩子们有时候试图成为控制者。如果说in one's charge或者in the charge of somebody，意思则是被某人看管。

8.Since——While/Although/Though.这里要理解主从句的逻辑关系，从句是说小孩子也没有意识到自己的控制欲，主句说他实际上确实有控制欲，两者不是因果关系，而是让步关系。

9.permit^——this. permit是及物动词，热切不能直接以动词不定式作宾语，必须有名词或代词作宾语，所以要加一个代词this用于指代前文所述内容。

10.the——others指“别人”，没有数量范围的限定；the others指“其他的人”，有数量范围的限定。这里只是泛指“别人”，所以不应该加定冠词。

【答案】3

1. most→rest：根据上下文，应表达“除了上学以外的时间”。

2. while→when / if ：逻辑分析，此处应为假设的时间关系，不是简单的同步时间关系。

3. inside→outside：根据上下文的意思，应该是“越来越多的母亲在外面工作”

4. 在stop后加by：stop by表示途中短暂的访问，歇脚，休息等；符合下文的temporarily in the midst of a busy schedule of activities.

5. 在then和a之间加to：与上文的go to关联，实际为children go to school and then （go to） a series of highly-programmed after-school activities.

6. 删除face后的with：此处face为及物动词

7. have→create：have表示“拥有，存在”，create强调“出现，产生，引起”。此处是指因为假期而引起和出现照料孩子的问题

8. many→no/ few：根据上下文逻辑分析，几乎没有可以供孩子到处玩乐的街区存在。

9. from→in：result from意思是“起因于”，result in意思是“其结果是……”

10. look→looking：现在分词短语做定语，修饰both parents and children

【答案】4

1.redistributing改为redistribute. attempt to 后面一般接动词原型，而不接动名词，因为这里的to是不定式符号，而不是介词，即attempt to do sth..

2.you 改为others.此句是说，如果一部分相对比较穷，那么一部分人就会相对比较富。将人群分为两部分，此处就不能用you，others才可以表示人群的一部分。

3.在interests和than中间加上rather.此句不是表示比较（than），而是表示转折（公众政策反映他们的利益，而不是穷人的利益），所以应该用rather than （而不是）代替than.

4.doing改为done.此句是被动语态，表示“脏活被完成”，get 是系动词，所以应用do 的过去分词形式done.

5.will改为would.此句使用了虚拟语气，表示对现在情况的假设，所以主句应用would.

6.cookers改为cooks.厨师是cook，而不cooker. cooker指炊具，与后面的“gardener（园丁）and other workers”不一致，所以应改为厨师（cook）。

7.when改为while.此处不是表示时间上的同时性，而是表示两种情形的对比，“一些人在做……，而另一些人在做……”。表示对比的连词一般用while.

8.去掉more. inferior本身就表示“低级的”，已经构成了比较形式，所以前面一般不能再加more.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/d616451832.html,petent 改为incompetent.此句讲的是穷人所能享受的服务，过期的面包、报废的汽车，还有不合格的医生和律师所提供的建议。如果是competent，则成了合格的医生和律师所提供的建议，那么与整句意思不符。

10.去掉in.此句中的which引导非限定性定语从句，作influence和change的直接宾语，因为influence和change均为及物动词，所以不能加in.

【答案】5

1.and→but.and表示递进并列关系；but表示转折关系。根据上下文应用but.

2. about→for. reason与介词for搭配，表示“……的原因”。

3. very better→very much better.very不能修饰形容词的比较级，只能用much,far, very much, a lot, any, no, rather, a little, a bit修饰。

4. by→in.by the way：顺便说一下；in the right way：以正确的方式，又如：in your own

way：以自己的方式。

5. pronounce→pronouncing.在that 引导的宾语从句中主语是动名词短语pronouncing a foreign language,原形动词（这里为pronounce）不能作主语。

6. himself→itself.one在本句中不是指人，所以其反身代词可用itself，而不用himself.

7. concerning→concerned.be concerned with：关于，如：The book is chiefly concerned with history.concerning作分词用，意为“涉及到”，此处不仅词义不当，而且concering后绝不能加with.

8. may→should.may表示推测、请求、允许或祝愿：should表示义务、建议、惊奇、推测等。这里讲的是老师的义务，故应该为should.

9. worth→worthy. worth可用在两个结构中，后面跟ing形式。1）用先行词it作主语，如：it isn't worth getting upset.2）用名次或代词作主语，如：The book is not worth reading. worthy 多用于worthy of + n. or be worthy to + v. 结构中，也可用作定语，如：a cause worthy of support/ a man who is worthy to have a place in the team/ a worthy winner.

10. where→when.occasion是指动作发生的时机而不是地点，故应用表示时间的副词引导的定语从句修饰occasion.