浅谈高校音乐专业学生应具备的综合素质

音乐作为学校基础教育中的一门学科，它必须服从于教育总方针，遵循教育的固有规律去寻找自己合适的位置，并发挥其独特的功能。音乐学科的内容和性质决定了它在素质教育中承担着培养学生人文素养、激发学生主动性和创新意识、促进学生个性的和谐发展，促进学生形成正确人生观的作用。

一、音乐学专业学生的专业能力

毫无疑问，学习和运用音乐的能力是高校音乐学专业教育的基础，也是任何一名音乐专业学生最基本的音乐素质，更具体的说，这些音乐素质或者说专业能力应该表现在某些实实在在的音乐技能上，笔者在这里将这些音乐技能稍作总结了一下，大致包括识别和创作乐谱的能力、学习和分享乐理的能力、声乐演唱的能力、乐器演奏的能力、自弹自唱的能力和舞台表演的能力。这些专业能力是音乐专业学生未来从事歌手、教师、词曲作家等各类职业予以谋生的基础。

那么，学生如何才能尽可能高效地掌握上述各项基本能力呢？当然，各个音乐技能的教学方法和教学模式不胜枚举，在此笔者也不一一赘述了，但无论何种教学方法或教学模式，主体都是学生，音乐的教化作用不是强制的，而是靠音乐内在的思想感情，通过优美的旋律，引起共鸣，使人的思想感情受到冲击，发生变化，从而达到教育人，鼓舞人的作用。比如《义勇军进行曲》铿锵有力的旋律，“起来，不愿做奴隶的人们......中华民族到了，最危险的时候……我们万众一心，冒着敌人的炮火，前进”！激昂的歌词激励中华民族在危难之中站起来。这是一首激情澎湃、鼓动人心的歌曲，曾经激励了无数中华儿女站起来的勇气和决心。再比如《我爱你中国》、《东方之珠》、《龙的传人》、《我的中国心》、《团结就是力量》、《没有共产党就没有新中国》、《歌唱祖国》等歌曲，能够唤起中华儿女对伟大祖国母亲的热爱。还有，《我们的生活充满阳光》、《在希望的田野上》、《春天的故事》等歌曲表达了中华儿女对美好生活的追求，这些歌曲激励着他们去努力，去拼搏，去创造更加美好的生活。所以，高校环境下的音乐教育，笔者认为最重要的是创造一个学生可以近距离感受音乐的学习氛围，有了感知，学生才会建立起了解和学习音乐的主动性。

二、音乐学专业学生的人文素养

所谓音乐学的人文素养，是指对音乐旋律、节奏、类型之外的音乐内涵的把握和理解。音乐是一门具有独立性的课程，它有着自己的文化和历史，从古至今，音乐之所以流传至今，并且得到了发扬与发展，这都是因为音乐具有丰富的内涵。音乐类论文发表要学习音乐，首先要增加对音乐内涵的认识，从内心里接受音乐，感悟音乐，才能达到与音乐合为一体的效果，促进音乐专业学生的音乐学习。音乐内涵的学习，是一门音乐入门的基础课程，同时它也是必修课程，学习音乐内涵之后，为以后的听辨、视奏、唱读以及欣赏等学习奠定了良好的基础，也为音乐素养的形成提供了条件，有利于学生向着综合型音乐人才的方向发展。

人文素质的培养是大学音乐专业学生素质发展的重要项目之一，它旨在利用人文知识与环境，让学生感受和认识到它所带来的价值观、道德观、人生观以及思维方式等，从而使得学生将这些良好的品质融于心中，形成优良的品格和修养，并学习到处世哲学。首先，在音乐专业学生的语言与文字表达和思维能力方面对其加强培养。其次，在科学的学习方法方面加强培养。最后，在学生道德素质方面加强培养。音乐是一门艺术底蕴深厚的学科，人文科学素质的培养，有利于学生文化视野的扩大，加强对音乐内涵的认识与理解，提高创造力。所以，

在音乐教学当中，突出其特点是重中之重，减少专业的必修课，增加选修课，给予学生最大限度的自我选择，提高针对性和实效性，为社会培养良好综合素质的音乐人才。

三、音乐学专业学生的创新意识

在高校教学环境下，提倡的是素质教育和自主探究性学习，但反观目前我国高校大学生的学习实况，却不容乐观，一个典型的现象就是热衷迷恋于流行文化，当然流行文化也是多元文化的重要组成部分，大学生处于人生的花季，对潮流和娱乐有一定的追求无可厚非，但当今世界的流行文化，实际掺杂着非常严重的商业因素，娱乐明星为了圈粉不择手段，一些新鲜的音乐模式和商业炒作，蒙蔽了不少大学生的双眼，真正的很多独立音乐人在没有资金支持和商业包装的窘境下鲜为人知，这种混乱的音乐文化氛围还存在愈演愈烈的发展趋势。

娱乐文化本质上属于偶像文化，而偶像文化的兴起源于大众创新意识的缺乏。偶像和明星的作用应该是用来鞭策自己，向之学习的，而不是盲目的崇拜和追捧，何况很多偶像明星的专业音乐素质比科班出身的毕业生要差很多，只要有特长的学生自己掌握时机和方法，至少在专业功底上不输于一半以上的所谓明星，之所以独立音乐人很难得到大众瞩目，抛开上述商业包装的原因，最本质的原因应该是这类音乐人太少，少到难以抵挡娱乐明星光芒的千万分之一，换言之，如果整个社会呈现一片万众创新的氛围，相信再厉害的商业包装，也不至于能让万千大学生达到迷失心智的效果。

四、结语

当然，音乐专业学生的综合素质绝不仅仅包括专业能力、人文素养和创新意识这三项，然而结合目前大学音乐教育的实际情况，这三项素质的培养是时代所需，同样也是素质教育的基本要求。

Music, as a discipline in school basic education, it must obey the general policy of education, follow the inherent law of education to find its proper place, and play its unique function. Determine the nature and content of the music discipline that it in the quality education bear students humanistic qualities and inspire students to take the initiative and innovation consciousness, promote the harmonious development of students' personality, promote students to form a correct outlook on life.

First, the professional ability of the students majoring in music

There is no doubt that learning and application ability of music is the music school of professional education based, but also any a music major students the basic music quality, more specifically said that the music or https://www.360docs.net/doc/de1215420.html, https://www.360docs.net/doc/de1215420.html, the quality of professional competence should be performed in some real music skills, the author here will, sums up the music skills slightly, generally include the ability of recognition and creation of music ability, learning and sharing of music, vocal music ability, playing musical instruments, singing and playing ability and stage performances. The professional ability of students majoring in music in the future singer, teacher and songwriter, etc. various kinds of professional foundation to make a living.

So how can students master the above basic abilities as efficiently as possible? , of course,

teaching method and teaching mode of various musical skills are too numerous to mention, the author also not enumerate, but no matter what kind of teaching methods and teaching model, is the main student, the education function of music is not mandatory, but by the music of the inner thoughts and feelings, beautiful melody, resonate, the thoughts and feelings of the people affected, change, to achieve the education of people, inspiring role. Such as "March of the volunteers song sonorous melody,", do not want to be slaves of the people... The Chinese nation to, the most dangerous... We braved the enemy fire million people united as one man, and move forward"! The passionate lyrics encourage the Chinese nation stand up in distress. This is a passionate, inspirational songs, has inspired countless Chinese people stand up to the courage and determination. Another example, "I love you, China", the "Pearl of the Orient", "Dragon Descendants", "my Chinese heart", "unity is strength", "without the Communist Party there would be no new China", "Ode to the motherland" and other songs to arouse the children love the great motherland. And "our life is full of sunshine", the on the field of hope "," Spring Story songs expressed the Chinese people's pursuit of a better life, these songs motivates them to work, to fight, to create a better life. So music education in colleges, the author thinks that the most important is to create a students can feel close to the music learning atmosphere, the perception, the students will build understanding and learning music initiative.

Two, music students of the Humanities

The so-called humanities quality of music, is refers to the music melody, the rhythm, the type outside the music connotation grasp and the understanding. Music is a independent course. It has its own culture and history, since ancient times, music has spread so far, and get the promotion and development, this is because music has rich connotation. Music thesis: To study music, first of https://www.360docs.net/doc/de1215420.html, https://www.360docs.net/doc/de1215420.html, https://www.360docs.net/doc/de1215420.html, all to increase the understanding of the connotation of music, from the inside of the heart to accept the music, the perception of music, in order to achieve and music for various effect, promote the music major students of music learning. Connotation of music learning, is a introduction to music basic course, also it is a required course, after learning the meaning of music, listening for the future, depending on the playing, singing, reading and appreciation etc. The study laid the good foundation, provide conditions for formation of music literacy, is beneficial to the students toward the direction of the development of the comprehensive talents of music.

The cultivation of humanistic quality is one of the most important projects in the university music students quality development. It aims to use knowledge and humanistic environment, lets the student experience and understanding to its value outlook, moral values, life values and ways of thinking, so that students can these good qualities to melt in the heart, the formation of excellent character and accomplishment, and learn to philosophy. First of all, to strengthen the training of the students' language and writing expression and thinking ability. Secondly, to strengthen the training of scientific learning methods. Finally, strengthen the cultivation of students' moral quality. Music is a profound art, humanities quality of the training, is conducive to the expansion of the cultural perspective of students, to strengthen the understanding of the connotation of music and understanding, improve creativity. So, in music teaching, highlighting its characteristics is the most important, reduce the professional required courses, increasing the amount of optional courses, giving students to maximize the self selection and improve the effectiveness and pertinence and social culture a good quality of musical talent.

Three, the innovation consciousness of the students majoring in music

In the college teaching environment, advocate is quality education and self inquiry learning, in contrast to the actual learning of the college students in our country, we cannot be optimistic, a typical phenomenon is keen to have a crush on popular culture, of course, popular culture is pluralistic culture is an important part, college students in the life of the youth, to fashion and entertainment have certain pursuit is understandable, but in today's world of popular culture, the actual mixed with very serious commercial factors, entertainment star to circle powder by hook or by crook, some fresh music mode and commercial hype.