江苏专转本英语阅读专项习题
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Passage One
A rectal study,published in last week's Journal of the American Medical Ass ociation,offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driv er,Indeed,a16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times a s likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone,By contrast,the risk of death for drivers between30and59decreases with each additional pas senger.
The authorities also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increase d dramatically after10p.m.,and especially after midnight,With passengers in the car,the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss,a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center,says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to d o with"really stupid behavior"than with just a lack of driving experience."T he basic issue."Robert says,"is that adults who are responsible for issuing l icenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is."
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate(使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing syst ems,in which getting a license is a multistage process.A graduated license re quires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence o f an adult,followed by a period of driving with night of passage restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes,according t o recent studies,About half of the states now have some sort of graduated lice nsing system in place,but only10of those states have restrictions on passeng ers,California is the strictest,with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from car rying any passenger under20(without the presence of an adult over25)for the f irst six months.
1.Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passag e?
A)Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after10p.m.
B)A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C)Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D)A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
2.According to Robert Foss.The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly d ue to___
A)their frequent driving at night C)their lack of driving experience
B)their improper way of driving D)their driving with passengers
3.According to Paragraph 3.which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B)Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C)Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lesson s.
D)The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers'driving acci dents.
4.A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers'driving accidents is th at________A)driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B)they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C)they should not be allowed to drive after10p.m.
D)the licensing system should be improved
5.The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system________.
A)is under discussion C)has been put into effect
B)is about to be set up D)has been perfected
Passage Two
If you know exactly what you want,the best route to a job is to get specia lized training.A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fiel ds as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
That's especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers.A t Cornell's School of Hotel Administration,for example,bachelor's degree grad uates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low20s and plenty of chances for rapid https://www.360docs.net/doc/de9089304.html,rge co mpanies,especially,like a background of formal education coupled with work ex perience.
But in the long run,too much specialization doesn't pay off.Business,whi ch has been flooded with MBAs,no longer considers the degree an automatic stam p of approval.The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially,bu t the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of the erosion(销蚀)of corporate(公司的)faith in spe cialized degrees,Michigan State's Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices,Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires,they of ten seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management."They want some one who isn't constrained(限制)by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,”says Scheetz.
This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the li beral-arts graduate.Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for ta lents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have:writing and communication s kills,organizational skills,open-mindedness and adaptability,and the ability to analyze and solve problems,David Birch claims he does not hire anybody wit h an MBA or an engineering degree,"I hire only liberal-arts people because the y have a less-than-canned way of doing things,"says Birch.Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature,history, mathematics,economics,science,human behavior-plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt,you can feel free to specialize,"A liberal-arts deg
ree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combina tion in the marketplace,"says Scheetz.
6.What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A)Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.
B)People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C)People with formal schooling plus work experience.
D)People with special training in engineering
7.By saying"…but the impact of a degree washes out after five years"(Line3, Para,3),the author means________.
A)most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B)an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
C)MBA programs will not be as popular in five years'time as they are now
D)in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got
8.According to Scheetz's statement(Lines4-5.Para.4),companies prefer____ ____.
A)people who have a strategic mind
B)people who are talented in fine arts
C)people who are ambitious and aggressive
D)people who have received training in mechanics
9.David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because________.
A)they are more capable of handling changing situations
B)they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C)they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D)they have attended special programs in management
10.Which of the following statements does the author support?
A)Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B)Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C)On-the-job training is,in the long run,less costly.
D)Generalists will outdo specialists in management.
Passage Three
About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City whe n a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table,I couldn't help overheari ng parts of their conversation.At one point the woman asked:"So,how have you been?"And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old -replied."Frankly,I've been feeling a little depressed lately.'' This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing.As far as I can remember,my friends and I didn't find o ut we were"depressed"until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don't seem childlike anymore.Children speak more like adults,dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say,but it certainly is differ ent.Childhood as it once was no longer exists,Why?
Human development is based not only on innate(天生的)biological states,b ut also on patterns of access to social knowledge.Movement from one social rot e to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status.Children have always been taught adult secrets,but slowly and in stages:traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
In the last30years.however,a secret-revelation(揭示)machine has been installed in98percent of American homes.It is called television,Television passes information,and indiscriminately(不加区分地),to all viewers alike,be they children or adults.Unable to resist the temptation,many children turn t heir attention from printed texts to the less challenging,more vivid moving pi ctures.
Communication through print,as a matter of fact,allows for a great deal o f control over the social information to which children have access.Reading an d writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practice s.Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
11.According to the author,feeling depressed is________.
A)a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child
B)something hardly to be expected in a young child
C)an inevitable has of children's mental development
D)a mental scale present in all humans,including children
12.Traditionally,a child is supposed to learn about the adult world_____ ___.
A)through contact with society C)naturally and by biological instinct
B)gradually and under guidance D)through exposure to social information
13.The phenomenon that today's children seem adult like is attributed by t he author to________.
A)the widespread influence of television
B)the poor arrangement of teaching content
C)the fast pace of human intellectual development
D)the constantly rising standard of living
14.Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?
A)It enables children to gain more social information.
B)It develops children's interest in reading and writing.
C)It helps children to memorize and practice more.
D)It can control what children are to learn.
15.What does the author think of the change in today's children?
A)He feels amused by chair premature behavior.
B)He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.
C)He considers it a positive development.
D)He seems to be upset about it.
Passage Four
"Opinion"is a word that is used carelessly today.It is used to refer to m atters of taste,belief,and judgment.This casual use would probably cause lit tle confusion if people didn't attach too much importance to opinion.Unfortuna
tely,most to attach great importance to it."I have as much right to my opinio n as you to yours,''and''Everyone's entitled to his opinion,''are common e xpressions.In fact,anyone who would challenge another's opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.
Is that label accurate?Is it intolerant to challenge another's opinion?It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind.For example,you may a sk a friend''What do you think of the new Ford cars?"And he may reply,"In my opinion,they're ugly."In this case,it would not only be intolerant to chall enge his statement,but foolish.For it's obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference,a matter of taste.And as the old saying goes,''It's poin tless to argue about matters of taste."
But consider this very different use of the term,A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case.Obviously the justices did not shale their personal preferences,their mere likes and dis likes,They stated their considered judgment,painstakingly arrived at after th orough inquiry and deliberation.
Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two ex tremes.It is not an expression of taste.Nor is it careful judgment.Yet it ma y contain elements of both.It is a view or belief more or less casually arrive d at,with or without examining the evidence.
Is everyone entitled to his opinion?Of course,this is not only permitted, but guaranteed.We are free to act on our opinions only so long as,in doing s o,we do not harm others.
16.Which of the following statements is TRUE,according to the author?
A)Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.
B)Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.
C)Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.
D)Casual use of the word"opinion"often brings about quarrels.
17.According to the author,who of the following would be labored as intol erant?
A)Someone who turns a deaf ear to others'opinions.
B)Someone who can't put up with others'tastes.
C)Someone who values only their own opinions.
D)Someone whose opinion harm.other people.
18.The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that________.
A)it is foolish to criticize a famous brand
B)one should not always agree to others'opinions
C)personal tastes are not something to be challenged
D)it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public
19.Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that_____ ___.
A)it is stated by judges in the court
B)it reflects public like and dislikes
C)it is a result of a lot of controversy
D)it is based on careful thought
20.As indicated in the passage,being free to act on one's opinion_______ _.
A)means that one can ignore other people's criticism
B)means that one can impose his pre6ereaccs on others
C)doesn't mean that one has the right to do things at will
D)doesn't mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence
答案：1—5B C D D C6—10C B A A D
11—15B B A D B16—20A B C D C
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江苏省2012 年普通高校专转本统一英 语考试 第一卷（共100 分） Part I Reading Comprehension(共20 题，每题 2 分，共40 分) Passage One Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. American researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. The technique stops the AIDS virus from attacking its target-cells in the body's defense system. When AIDS virus enters the blood, it searches for blood cells called T4 lymphocytes （淋巴细胞）. The virus connects to the outside of T4 lymphocytes, then forces its way inside. There it directs the cells' genetic （基因的）material to produce copies of the AIDS virus. This is how AIDS spreads.Researchers think they may be able to stop AIDS from spreading by preventing virus from connecting to T4 cells. When AIDS virus finds a T4 cell, it actually connects to a part of the cell called CD4 protein.Researchers want to fool the virus by putting copies or clones of the CD4 protein into the blood. This way the AIDS virus will connect to the cloned protein instead of the real ones. Scientists use the genetic engineering methods to make the clones. Normally a CD4 protein remains on the T4 cell at all times. The AIDS virus must go to it.In a new technique, however, the cloned CD4 protein is not connected to a cell. It floats freely, so many more can be put into the blood to keep the AIDS virus away from real CD4 proteins on T4 cells. One report says the AIDS virus connects to the cloned proteins j ust as effectively as to real protein. That report was based on tests with blood cells grown in labs. The technique is just now beginning t o be tested in animals. If successful, it may be tested in humans within a year. 1. The new technique can ________. A. cure AIDS B. kill the AIDS virus C. prevent the AIDS virus from spreading D. produce new medicines for AIDS 2. When the AIDS virus enters the blood, it is reproduced by ________. A. the inside of the virus itself B. any blood cells in the body C. the CD4 protein D. the genetic material of T4 cells 3 The AIDS virus connects to cloned proteins instead of to the real ones because ________. A. the cloned proteins stay on the T4 cells B. the cloned proteins can float freely in the blood C. it connects to cloned proteins more effectively than to the real ones D. the cloned proteins are made by genetic engineering methods 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The new technique has been tested in labs. B. The new technique is being tested in animals. C. The new technique may be tested in humans. D. The new technique is now under clinical test. 5 Which of the following could be the best title of this passage? A. AIDS---a Fatal Disease. B. A New Technique in fighting AIDS. C. A Report on the Spread of AIDS Virus. D. The Technique of Cloned CD4 Protein. Passage TWO Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. During the early ears of last century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada.
英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料 (专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)
语法七大语法考试重点 一独立主格 （一）：独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 （二）独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例： The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. This done, we went home. The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. He came into the room, his ears red with cold. He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 二过去完成时 1）概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had +过去分词构成。 2）用法 a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t. 3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
专升本大学英语阅读理解辅导资料
大学英语阅读理解辅导资料：（共45题） Passage 1 The Antarctic is actually a desert. It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake. The Antarctic is all ice all year round. The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole. Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snowfall. But less than ten inches of snow falls each year. That is less than half an inch of water. Ten times that much moisture falls in parts of the Sahara. The little snow that falls in Antarctica never melts. It continues to pile up deeper and deeper year after year. When the snow gets to be about eighty feet deep it is turned to ice by the weight of the snow above it. 1. Antarctica is called a desert because it ________. A. is sandy B. has the same temperature as a desert C. has little moisture and no lakes or rivers D. All of the above 2. The Antarctic has ________. A. ten times as much moisture as the Sahara B. the same amount of moisture as the Sahara C. about one-tenth the moisture of the Sahara D. None of these. 3. The temperature in the Antarctic is ________. A. always above zero B. always below zero C. never recorded D. Both B and C 4. The snow in Antarctica is very deep because it ________. A. never stops falling B. piles up year after year C. never melts D. Both B and C 5. The snow turns to ice when ________. A. it gets wet B. the temperature gets colder C. the next snowfall comes D. the snow above it is heavy enough 答案：CDBDD Passage 2 Astronomers ( 宇航员) can tell just how hot the surface of the moon gets. The side of the moon toward the sun gets two degrees hotter than boiling water. The night side reaches 243 degrees below zero. In a lunar eclipse (月食) the earth's shadow falls on the moon. Then the moon's temperature may drop 300 degrees in a very short time. A temperature change like this cannot happen on the earth. Why does it happen on the moon? Astronomers know that the surface of the moon is dust. On the earth, rocks store heat from the sun. When the sun goes down, the rocks stay warm. But the dust of the moon cannot store heat. So when the moon gets dark, the heat escapes quickly. The moon gets very cold.