全国自考2009年4月英语语法试题及参考答案
全国自考2009年4月英语语法试题及参考答案
一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letters A, B, C or D in the brackets.
1.——Did you hear what she said? ( )
——Well, I heard her say something, but I ______. So I don't know exactly what she said.
A. would not listen
B. were not listening
C. had not listened
D. shouldn't listen
2. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun ______. ( )
A. shone
B. shines
C. has shone
D. was shining
3. The building suddenly collapsed while it ______ down. ( )
A. pulled
B. had been pulled
C. was being pulled
D. was pulled
4. Most of my saving ______ in stocks. ( )
A. has been invested
B. is being invested
C. have invested
D. have been invested
5. The manager insisted that the chief engineer ______ testing the new model immediately. （）
A. start
B. starts
C. started
D. will start
6. Great as Newton was, many of his principles ______ and modified by contemporary scientists today. ( )
A. are to challenge
B. may be challenged
C. are challenging
D. have been challenged
7. Mary ______ have been invited to the party, but she wasn't.
A. must
B. should
C. can
D. would
8. Mr. Smith isn't here yet. I think he ______ about the meeting.
A. should have forgot
B. ought to forget
C. must have forgot
D. may not forget
9. , It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you really ______ it.
A. needn't do
B. shouldn't have done
C. didn't have to do
D. mustn't have done
10. I couldn't help ______ when I saw that. ( )
A. laugh
B. laughed
C. laughing
D. to laugh
11. I saw lying on his doormat a letter ______ to him from the U.S.A. ( )
A. addressing
B. addressed
C. to address
D. being addressed
12. The key ______ the puzzle will be given in tomorrow's paper. ( )
A. of
B. for
C. to
D. about
13. The surgeon was expected to finish the operation ______ noon. ( )
A. in
B. before
C. till
D. on
14. What was it ______ caused the forest fire? ( )
A. who
B. that
C. this
D. whom
15. This is the school ______ I studied for six years. ( )
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. whom
16. His sister, ______ you met at the airport yesterday, is a famous basketball player. ( )
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. when
17. She would stay with her parents ______ .( )
A. for a couple of days once a month after she got married
B. once a month for a couple of days after she got married
C. after she got married for a couple of days once a month
D. once a month after she got married for a couple of days
18. All the applicants will be assessed ______ an interview.( )
A. by means of
B. through the way of
C. by the way of
D. by the method of
19. ______ my bank lent me the money, I would have bought a new house.( )
A. Had
B. If
C. Be
D. Would
20. ______ guilty, I'd rather be tried in Florida.( )
A. When
B. As
C. Since
D. If
二、选择填空题(本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)
Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.
21. were, was, had, animal, animals
Small amounts of land was used for keeping animals.
22. has, have, its, their, theirs
The committee has reached its decision.
23. more, more of, most, as, like, than
Bill is more of a fool than John.
24. qualified, a teacher; qualifying, teachers; qualify, teaching
Susan is a teacher as qualified as Mary.
25. be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be
a. That the man kissed his love in the street on the Valentine Day will be a hot topic for tonight's TV show.
b. Neither his voice nor his donation to the funding organization shall be forgotten in the days to come.
26. have, has, had, will have, shall have
a. She is the only one of the factory who has been laid up.
b. This is the only family in the community who has different opinions while making up the mind.
27. be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be, has, have, had
a. She is one of the girls who have been to the Sentosa Beaches.
b. This is the only one of the houses which was newly built up in this area.
28. physics, gentry, binoculars, bronchitis, bacteria, stimulus
a. Singular only: physics, stimulus, bronchitis
b. Plural only: binoculars, bacteria, gentry
三、填空题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase.
A. Fill in the blank with assertive, non-assertive or negative words:
29. I think I've lost that green scarf of mine; I can't find it anywhere.
30. ——"I'd like some more cheese."
——"I'm sorry there's none left."
31. I'm trying to persuade him to come but I'm getting nowhere.
32. Satellite technology offers the opportunity, as never before, for continuous television coverage of major international events.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb or verb phrase given:
33. Primary distillation, which yields several fractions, is carried (carry) out in the main column of the crude distillation unit.
34. It is time we thought (think) about drawing up a detailed plan for the project.
35. Halloween was originally a religious holiday, but its religious character has lost (lose) in the United States, and now it is celebrated mostly as a children's day.
36. When questioning (question) the boy, the policeman felt a little sorry for him.
37. Three years later, realizing (realize) that he was not as well prepared as he should be, either materially or psychologically, Mackenzie returned to Britain to get ready for his next journey.
C. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition:
38. The train doesn't go to Nanjing. We'll have to change at Shanghai.
39. Unless the hunters are very careful, they may fall to death when climbing the mountains.
40. The man sitting in the corner reminds me of my uncle Tom.
41. I think it isn't good for children to get everything they want.
42. It was between 1830 and 1835 that the first newspaper in the world was born.
D. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun or adverb:
43. Deserts are found where rain never falls or falls in only a few weeks' time for a whole year.
44. That was the proposal she put forward at the board meeting but it was turned down by all the other members.
45. The treatment, which is being tried by doctors at these hospitals, has proved to be effective for patients.
46. Mrs Taylor, who came on holiday with us, is now in Shanghai.
E. Fill in the blank with the proper form of the adjective given:
47. Of the two sisters, which is the older (old)?
F. Fill in the blank with the adjectives in brackets in correct order:
48. She had a beautiful red real silk skirt. (beautiful, real, red, silk)
四、改错题(本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分)
Correct one error in each of the following sentences.
49. Don't use your plate as ashtray. →…as an ashtray.
50. Julie spent the all of the summer at home. →Julie spent the whole summer…
51. Whole London was talking about her affairs. →The whole London…
52. Both of children have gone to bed. →Both children…
53. Have you heard this new idea of the boss? →Have you heard of…
54. She's got a parrot on the shoulder. →…on her shoulder.
55. —"Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?"
—"I'm afraid either day is possible." →"I'm afraid neither day is possible."
56. She got married at St. Joseph. →…in St. Joseph.
五、改句(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分)
Rewrite the following sentences as required.
A. Turning the following imperative into the YES-NO question form:
57. Bring me some paper please.
→Would you please bring me some paper?
B. Using a modal auxiliary:
58. It is not even barely possible that he made that mistake.
→He could not have made that mistake.
C. Using the nonfinite verb form:
59. When the reports arrived, we began to assess them.
→Reports having arrived, …
D. Using extraposition:
60. To see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes breaks my heart.
→It breaks my heart to see …
E. Using passive voice:
61. All the students who are applying for the government loan must observe this rule.
→This rule must be observed by all the students…
F. Combining the two sentences by using subjunctive mood:
62. She has little knowledge about the country. But she talked in a way that made people believe the country.
→She talked as if she had much knowledge about the country.
G. Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct:
63. He tried many companies. They all rejected his application.
→… but …
64. It rained heavily last night. All the flowers are gone.
→… and…
H. Combining the two sentences by using a relative clause:
65. Philip bought an English-Chinese dictionary last week. He found it very useful.
→Philip found the English-Chinese dictionary that he bought last week very useful.
66. Heavy storms occurred in the area this summer. It caused serious damage to the crops. →The heavy storms that occurred in the area this summer caused serious damage to the crops.
I. Rewrite the following sentences using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:
67. If you travel often, keep a collection of necessities pre-packed. Keeping a collection of necessities pre-packed will give you time to pare the nonessentials.
→… that will give you…
68. I inherited these skills from my father. Those skills have been put to the test.
→… They have been…
69. I learned to pack light early in life. I had to pack light early in life.
→… I had to do it …
六、名词解释(本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分)
Define the following terms with examples.
70. Predicative modal auxiliary
Modal auxiliary which is in a use indicating speaker's assumption or assessment of probability. eg. Even in summer it can be very cold here.
71. anaphoric reference
Anaphoric reference is used to retreive information from the foregoing context.
eg. I have read that book. It is not very interesting.
七、简答题(本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分)
Answer the following questions.
72. What is the system of two tenses and two aspects?
Answer: Two tenses are past tense and present tense; two aspects are perfect aspect and progressive aspect.
73. What are the senses conveyed in the premodifying-ed participles?
Answer: If the verb is transitive, its premodifying-ed participle convey the sense of passiveness or completeness or both; if the verb is intrnasitive, its premodifying-ed participle convey only the sense of completeness.
74. What is given information and what is new information?
Answer: The given information is what is assumed to be familiar to the receiver, while the new information is what is assumed to be unfamiliar to the receiver.
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2005年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语语法试题 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Chose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter in the blank. 1. The task force is supposed_____. A. to be getting reinforced B. that to be getting reinforced C. to being got reinforced D. that been got reinforced 2. He muffled his voice to avoid_____. A. having been identified B. to be identified C. identified D. being identified 3._____, I would call him in advance. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you 4. The company encourages _____ uniforms. A. to wear B. wears C. wearing D. have worn 5. What is _____ story you have ever heard? A. funnier B. a funniest C. the funnier D. the funniest 6. You may take an oral or written exam _____ you prefer. A. according as B. according to C. if D. whether 7. The Tower of London, _____ so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction. A. which B. there C. where D. from it 8. Pride and prejudice _____ never failed to characterize the aristocracy. A. had B. has C. have D. are 9. Not only the players and the coach but also the referee _____ responsible for the defeat. A. were B. was C. is D. are 10. How often _____ your car _____? I think it ought _____ twice a week at least. A. is … washed, to be washed B. is … washed, to wash C. is … washed, to have washed D. has … been washed, to be washed 11. The noise of the desks _____ could be heard out in the street. A. having been opened and closed B. opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to be opened and closed 12. I had hoped that Jennifer _____ a doctor, but she was not good at medicine. A. will become B. become C. would become D. becomes 13. Most people enjoy _____. A. to flatter B. to be flattered C. flattering D. being flattered 14. Congratulations on _____ to the university. A. having admitted B. being admitted C. admitting D. have admitted 15. As we went _____ in our investigation of the case, we had more evidence of a political conspiracy. A. far B. farther C. further D. farthest 16. _____ his immense fortune, he died a most unhappy man. A. Although B. With all C. With D. Because of 17. He takes no interest in studies; _____, he plays tennis all day. A. in short B. instead C. anyhow D. still 18. The factory was burned down last night; _____ many workmen were thrown out of employment. A. for this sake B. on that account C. in that case D. unfortunately 19. The old _____ usually self-conceited as age sometimes does tell. A. is B. will be C. are to be D. are 20. There _____ a tall building, several tennis courts and lots of non-deciduous trees on the center of the area. A. is B. are C. stand D. appears 二、选择填空题(本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分)
初中英语语法练习题及答案
1．There is ____ old woman in the car. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 2．We often go to the park ____ Sundays. A．on B．in C．at D．from 3．My book ____ on the desk. A．is B．am C．are D．be 4．Which language is ____ ，English, French or Chinese? A．difficult B．the difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 5．---- ____ book is this? ----It's Kate's. A．When B．Why C．Where D．Whose 6．----Can you write a letter in English? ----No, I ____. A．may not B．mustn't C．can't D．needn't 7．I ____ my homework when Mike came last night A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．have done 8．He began to ____ English three years ago. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．learning 9．Jim is a driver, ____ he? A．does B．doesn't C．is D．isn't 10．“What's wrong ____ you?”the doctor asked. A．from B．with C．for D．at 11．He is rich, ____ he isn't happy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 12．----Where is Alice? ----She ____ to the library. A．goes
自考英语语法
本次语法串讲分三个部分，第一，方法篇；第二，命题特点分析；第三，重点章节复习。 第一、方法篇 自学考试英语专业《英语语法》科目是一门理论性和实践性都非常强的课程，旨在考核考生能否熟练掌握现代英语语法的基本理论和概念，掌握词的形态变化和用词造句的规则，以及组句成篇的一般形式和规律。 由于存在着英汉语言体系上的差异、教材的全英版和术语的生僻、语法本身乏味枯燥等外部因素，以及考生英语基础知识薄弱、精读和泛读的阅读数量尚未达到一定量因此不能将一些语法规则变成感性认识加以推演和归纳、甚至还有同学有畏难情绪，一旦跟不上就放弃，或者偷懒，不愿多做一些练习和多记一些概念解释，结果仅以一、二分之差没有及格，令人扼腕。 但是有志者事竟成，这句名言还没有过时。我们举几个成功的例子吧。 我教过的学生中有人刻意让自己爱上语法，首先，她克服困难，把全书通读一遍，可是有那么多不懂的单词和术语怎么办？她问我。我说，把它们暂时放在一边，然后通过例句猜测该词的含义，结果既记住了概念又结合了例句，相辅相成，直到掌握。 比如：什么是extraposition？这个词是由extra－（在……之外，额外）加position（位置），联想到appositive phrase（同位短语），appositive clause （同位语分句）等，那么从该词的外形上可以判定extraposition是“位置放在外围”。 它出现在我们教材中的《信息结构和强调》一章中，我们知道，突出强调信息的几种主要方法（postponement, fronting，inversion， cleaving，existential sentence）之一的后移又有三种后移的方法：passive voice, extraposition and discontinuity。从课本上我们看到这样的例句：To make fun of a disabled man is not funny at all. It is not funny at all to make fun of a disabled man. He found it annoying that his neighbor kept calling him by the wrong name. 你注意到这里有it出现在句中做形式主语和形式宾语，真正的主语和宾语在句末，然后，结合解释“When we re move a clausal subject or object to the final focal position, we use the anticipatory it to fill in the slot. Grammatically speaking, it is the formal subject or object while the extraposed clause is the real or notional subject or object. In function, the extraposed item can be subject or object; in form it can be finite or non-finite. 后移的结果就是满足了末尾重心（end-weight）的原则，达到强调的效果。
自考现代英语语法第三章翻译
现代英语语法 第三章名词、代词和数 3.0引言 简单来说，名词就是表示一个人地点事物事件或者想法的名字的词。名词是语言的重要组成部分，由名词作为主要构成要素的表达，比如a knockout,honesty和the possibility都叫做名词词组，每个名词词组有一个关键成分叫做中心词。（knockout,honesty,possibility），前面还有一个附属成分叫修饰语（a,the） 名词词组可根据外部功能和内部结构来进行分类。 典型的名词词组的结构如下，括号里的部分可能会出现，但并不是一定出现。 （前置修饰语+）中心词（+后置修饰词）。 名词词组的中心词很明显是名词或代词，可带有前置修饰语或后置修饰词，修饰语可为从字到句子的各种不同的层次，如： they people the people the old people people old and sick people in hospital all the sick people in hospital people to receive treatment people receiving treatment people who are receiving treatment etc. 在英语的实际应用中，名词词组结构的变化要受某些因素如中心词的词性、修饰词的结构及修饰词顺序的影响。 就功能而言，名词词组主要可以做主语，宾语，补语和修饰语，有的名词词组甚至可以做状语： The whole building is on fire.（主语）整个大楼都着火了。 I sold my car to my neighbour.（宾语）我把车卖给了我的邻居。 The lump in my chest has melted as I think about her display of love.（主语；宾语）一想到她的爱，我不再哽咽了。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.（主语补语）患难见真情。 You can call me John.（宾补）你可以叫我约翰。 I don't mind if you do it after school.（介词补语）我不介意你放学后是不是干这件事。 He rides a mountain bike.（修饰语）他骑了一辆山地自行车。 He was here yesterday,I'm sure.（状语）我肯定他昨天在这儿。 3.1名词分类 名词有各种各样的分类，可分为具体名词和抽象名词，也可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，还可以分为有生命的名词和无生命的名词。 名词可以根据意思和形式分类，根据意思，名词可以分为两类，专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是特定的人，地点或者事物的名称，拼写时首字母大写，普通名词则是一类人，事物或者抽象的想法的统称，普通名词又可以进一步的划分为个体名词，集体名词，物质名词和抽象名词。从形式上看，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数，并可以与数字连用，带有限定词，而不可数名词则是只有一种形式的名词，使用时可以不带限定词。