一年十二月对应十二卦解析

一年十二月对应十二卦解析
一年十二月对应十二卦解析

一年十二月(十二个气),对应十二卦

一年有十二个月,每个月有每个月的特性,每个月的特性各不相同。要描述一年十二个月这各自不同的特性,我们来看看这六十四卦怎么刻画一年的十二个月的:

春雨惊春清谷天,夏满芒夏暑相连,

秋处露秋寒霜降,冬雪雪冬小大寒。

从冬至(即农历十一月)起阴极阳生,坤卦下生一阳,一阳复起,是为复卦。冬至一阳生,寒冷的土地下,悄悄地开始变暖,所以谓之一阳生。这个时候的大地,地面上寒冷还在,万物不生,还是当初收割后裸露的黑土地,是为坤卦;地面下,已有一丝暖意升起,因这点点的温暖,百草的根或种子开始准备孕育新芽,是为震卦;上为坤,下为震,从而构成卦象名为地雷复,是为复卦。

(复卦)代表子月,节气为冬至。复卦六爻代表大雪至小寒的三十余天。子月相当于农历十一月。复卦是五阴一阳,阳爻居

初位,此时一阳来复,阳气始升,将会打开新局。(大雪十一月节冬至十一月气)

丑月(即农历十二月)二阳初生,为地泽临。二阳在下,井中水极温,是其验也。泽者,气也。丑月掘地下入,则见其出气。农历的十二月,天气仍很寒冷,地面上仍是收割后裸露的黑土地,而在地面下,二阳初生,已经变得温暖,土壤中总是含有一定的水分的,在寒冷的天气里,这水分被冰冻;但随着这二阳初生,冰冻的水分解冻了,土壤变得湿润;于是,地面上,仍可用坤卦来刻画,地面下,已需用兑卦来描述了。上为坤,下为兑。坤为地,兑为泽,所以,两者构成卦象地泽临,是为临卦。

(临卦)代表丑月,节气为大寒。临卦六爻代表小寒至立春的三十余天。丑月相当于农历十二月。临卦卦象已有二阳,说明天气虽冷,但春天即将来临。(小寒十二月节大寒十二月气)

寅月(即农历正月)三阴在上,三阳在下,为地天泰,是曰:“三阳开泰”。天地气交,勾萌尽达。是月立春,万物发生,律中大簇,以成太和之气象。这是农历的正月,乍暖还寒,地面上仍没有太多的变化,但地面下,已经很温暖,已经是三阳在下了。三阳构成乾卦。从而,地面上为坤卦,地面下为乾卦,坤为地,乾为天,两者构成卦象地天泰,是为泰卦。

(泰卦)代表寅月,节气为雨水。泰卦六爻代表立春至惊蛰的三十余天。寅月相当于农历的一月(正月)。泰卦卦象为三阳在下,说明春天开始了,万物就要复苏,新的生命就要破土而出了。成语“三阳开泰”既是此意。(立春正月节雨水正月气)

二月惊蛰动雷,雷出地而上于天,故应雷天大壮,言万物方

壮长也。农历的二月,春雷开始在天上炸响,是为震卦。地面下,当然仍是很温暖的景象,仍是三阳在下,这时候,冬眠的动物和虫子被这轰隆隆的春雷惊醒了,地里的庄稼也开始茁壮生长。地上为震,地下为乾,震为雷,乾为天,构成卦象为雷天大壮。

(大壮)代表卯月,节气为春分。大壮卦六爻代表惊蛰至清明的三十余天。卯月相当于农历的二月。大壮卦六爻已有四阳在下,说明阳气已经战胜阴气,此时万物都开始活动,草木生长发芽,动物开始繁衍。并且大壮卦是“上震下乾”,雷在天上,天上始有雷声。(惊蛰二月节春分二月气)

三月为泽天夬,言雨泽自天而降。农历的三月到了,梅雨季节来了,屋里屋外,到处湿漉漉的,常常淫雨霏霏。这地上,自然只能用兑卦来描述了。地下,仍是三阳在下,是为乾卦。上为兑卦,下为乾卦,兑为泽,乾为天,两者构成卦象泽天夬,是为夬卦。

(夬卦)代表辰月,节气为谷雨。夬卦六爻代表清明至立夏

的三十余天。辰月相当于农历的三月。夬卦六爻已经呈现五阳之象,天地间只有一阴气残余,阳气是充足的时期。正如人们所说,阳春三月,草长莺飞,正是踏青旅游好时光。(清明三月节谷雨三月气)

四月阳极,为纯乾之卦,故昼日极长。农历的四月,是初夏了吧,地面上也热,三阳在上,地面下也热,三阳在下。上也为乾,下也为乾,自然就是乾卦。乾为天,天行健,君子以自强不息。

(乾卦)代表巳月,节气为小满。乾卦六爻代表立夏至芒种的三十余天。巳月相当于农历的四月。此时卦象六爻纯阳,天气以没有一丝寒意,人们可以穿单衣,正是草木茂盛季节。(立夏四月节小满四月气)

五月阳极阴生,是为姤卦。地面上,骄阳似火,地面下,却阳极阴生,一丝丝的凉意悄悄在地下出现了,从而地面上仍为乾卦,地面下,已经变成巽卦。乾为天,巽为风,两者构成卦象天风姤。

(姤卦)代表午月,节气为夏至。姤卦六爻代表芒种至小暑的三十余天。午月相当于农历的五月。姤卦卦象显示底部出现一阴爻,天地之气阳极阴生,说明由于温度过高,出现潮湿天气。(芒种五月节夏至五月气)

六月二阴初生,四阳在上,为天山遁。遁者,藏也。六月亢阳在上,阴气欲出而不得,名曰三伏。金遇火伏,即遁藏之意,人皆避暑,亦是遁意。农历的六月呢,夏天快要走到了尽头,地

面上,暑热仍在,属于三阳,是为乾;地面下,已经转为凉爽,已经是二阴初生,只能用一阳二阴的艮卦来刻画。上为乾,下为艮,乾为天,艮为山,构成卦象名为天山遁,是为遁卦。

(遁卦)代表未月,节气为大暑。遁卦六爻代表小暑至立秋的三十余天。未月相当于农历的六月。遁卦卦象底部已有两个阴爻,阳动阴藏,有些农作物已经成熟。天气因阴气的加重更加闷热而潮湿,人和动物躲藏起来,以避暑气。遁即躲避,也告诉人们要学会躲藏以生存。(小暑六月节大暑六月气)

七月三阳在上,三阴在下,为天地否。否与泰对。天地气交,则万物生;天地气不交,则万物死。故立秋以后,草木渐死,梧桐叶落,是其验矣。七月节名处暑,盖暑者,天地水火相蒸之气也。暑自此止,则天地之气上下各分矣。三阳在上,三阴在下,上为乾,下为坤,乾为天,坤为地,构成卦象名为天地否,是为否卦。

(否卦)代表申月,节气为处暑。否卦六爻代表立秋至白露

的三十余天。申月相当于农历的七月。否卦卦象已有三个阴爻在下,正所谓泰极否来。此时阴气已经变得很强盛,也就是说,天气虽然很热,但是还是容易着凉。多事之秋意即如此。此时需要祈福消灾,七月十五为鬼节,人们会在此时祭祖先即鬼神,以求庇佑,同时由此领悟,要收敛修德以避开灾难,以求吉祥。(立秋七月节处暑七月气)

八月阴渐盛,为风地观。观与临反。至于八月,则临卦之气体休囚,故《爻辞》曰:至于八月有凶,以见八月观卦为主。上为巽,下为坤,巽为风,坤为地,构成卦象名为风地观,是为观卦。

(观卦)代表酉月,节气为秋分。观卦六爻代表白露至寒露的三十余天。酉月相当于农历的八月。观卦卦象已经是四个阴爻了,说明天气渐冷,正是秋风萧瑟,农作物的生命已到尽头,已经成熟。而仲秋美景也开始呈现,明月当空,中秋佳节,合家团聚,正是观赏好时节。古时有“二八之月,奔者不禁”之说法,正

是观玩之意。(白露八月节秋分八月气)

九月五阴一阳,为山地剥。草木黄落,剥即落也。木落而果见树梢,有硕果仅存之象。农历的九月,草黄了,叶枯了,采摘后果树上,只剩了几颗干瘪的为人遗弃的果实,孤零零地悬挂在光秃秃的枝头,大地的生机悄然收藏。已是深秋,瑟瑟凉意的表面,仅剩一点点的温暖。地面下,仍是静悄悄的黑土地。所以,上为艮卦,下为坤卦。艮为山,坤为地,两者构成卦象名为山地剥。是为剥卦。

(剥卦)代表戌月,节气为霜降。剥卦六爻代表寒露至立冬的三十余天。戌月相当于农历的九月。剥卦卦象已有五个阴爻,仅一阳爻在上,说明阴气强盛,连一点余阳都要排挤掉。此时万物凋零。落叶纷飞,天地间生气被剥夺。(寒露九月节霜降九月气)

十月六爻皆阴,为坤卦。俗名阳月,谓其无阳也。昼短夜长,以应极阴之数。农历的十月,冬天来了,大地一片沉寂,难得见到生命的气息,六爻皆阴,上也为坤卦,下也为坤卦,构成的卦象名为坤卦。地势坤,君子以厚德载物。

(坤卦)代表亥月,节气为小雪。坤卦六爻代表立冬至大雪的三十余天。亥月相当于农历的十月。坤卦卦象六爻纯阴,阴气最盛,此时万物隐藏起来,动物开始进去冬眠时期,天地闭塞成冬,一年到了终点。由于阴中有阳,阳中有阴,坤卦当令的时节也会有两三天小阳春,所以又有“十月小阳春”的说法。(立冬十月节小雪十月气)

十一月阴极阳生,又为复卦。天地间,新一轮的循环在这里重新开始。

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