英语词汇学练习题

英语词汇学练习题（一）

Exercise A

1. Write out in full the following shortened words:

EEC, OPEC, NASA, PRC, TEFL, TB, AIDS, memo, fridge

EEC：European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体。OPEC：Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织。NASA：National Aeronautics and Space Administration 〔美国〕国家航空和宇宙航行局。

PRC：Postal Rate Commission (美国)邮资委员会The People's Republic of China TEFL：teaching English as a foreign language 英语外语教学

TB：tubercle bacillus 结核杆菌。

AIDS：Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Memo：memorandum

Fridge：refrigerator

Exercise B

1. Which following diagram better illustrates the relationship of each of the following word groups?

(A) (B) (C)

(D) (E)

(1) Bachelors,单身汉学士men, tennis players

(2) sparrows,麻雀birds, cats

(3) Russians, scientists, people

(4) red-haired, females, lawyers

(5) octopi,章鱼porpoises海豚, things that live in the sea

(6) artists, painters, baseball fans

Exercise C

1. Match nouns in the left-hand column with verbs in the right-hand column:

(1) injury a. administer

(2) suspicion 怀疑，涉嫌 b. effect

(3) siege 围攻说服，劝诱 c. hatch1.孵化，孵。2.创造，使发生3.图谋，策划

(4) medicine d. assume

(5) change e. process

(6) scheme计划 f. cast

(7) tendency g. attain

(8) leadership h. inflict

(9) visa i. confirm

(10) slander 诽谤，诋毁j. explode

(11) object k. develop

(12) myth l. raise

Exercise D

Form negatives of each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, non-, un-, in- , ir- .

smoker capable practical obey

security relevant mature ability

officially willingness legal agreement

logical loyal convenient athletic

Exercise E

1. Change the following words into nouns.

admit accept allow enter expect

warm strong persuade jealous

2. Match Column A with Column B and give one example for each.

A B Examples

trans- before ________

mono- over, above ________

super- one ________

auto- many ________

sub- self ________

mal- little, small ________

multi- bad, badly ________

mini- below ________

pre- across ________

ex- former ________

Exercise F

https://www.360docs.net/doc/e55042961.html,plete the sentences by choosing idioms from the list and using them in their proper forms.

profit by / from put down to approve of

look into cash in on get over with

come up with go without comply with

stand out against

(1) The union leaders _______ the abolition of flextime.

(2) My father did not _______ my marriage to Mary.

(3) If we must visit your parents today let’s go early and _______it.

(4) Police are _______ the disappearance of a quantity of uncut gems.

(5) Scientists will have to _______ new methods of increasing the world’s food

supply.

(6) When you become a member of a club you generally agree to _______the rules.

(7) The shrewd man _______ people’s financial difficulties and lent money at an

exorbitant rate.

(8) There was no time to lose, and they had to _______ asking for leave.

(9) I hope _______ your unfortunate experience and not make the same mistake

again.

(10) His parents _______ his failure in examination _______ his recent laziness.

Exercise G

1. Put the following idioms into Chinese.

(1) to burn one’s boat (2) to add fuel to the flames

(3) to hang by a thread (4) to go through fire and water

(5) castle in the air (6) to grope in the dark

(7) cannot see the wood for the trees (8) a thorn in sb’s flesh

(9) in one ear and out the other

(10) to make a mountain (out)of a molehill

(11) A single spark can start a prairie fire

(12) Misfortune never comes alone.

(13) Walls have ears.

(14) Live and learn.

(15) Who has never tasted bitter, knows not what is sweet.

Exercise H

1. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate adverbs or

prepositions:

(1) A soft sea breeze set _______ at midnight.

(2) He is wise enough to see _______ all these fine pretensions.

(3) He set _______ all objections and granted my request.

(4) If land is cropped and not manured, it will run _______.

(5) The judge said he would hold _______ your case until the next sitting of the

court.

(6) If the weather holds _______, I suggest we go out on a picnic.

(7) As neither of us would give in, the bargain fell _______.

(8) He lets his feelings run away _______ his judgment.

(9) He meant to put in _______ a share of the profits.

(10) One is not sorry to see the proud pulled _______.

(11) He passes _______ a learned man in our little community.

(12) He will draw _______ from what he has promised.

Exercise I

1.Look up the following words in a dictionary to determine the language from which each

has been borrowed and then translate these terms into Chinese.

yacht taboo chocolate coolie czar kimono shampoo kangaroo sauerkraut Muslin kibitz voodoo

1.Decide whether the following statements are true or false.

(1)Old English was highly inflected language.

(2)Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.

(3)In modern times. borrowing brings less than ten percent of Modern English vocabulary.

(4)The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation

of new words by means of word-formation.

(5)Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but with little change in

word endings.

(6)The major factors that promote the growth of Modern English vocabulary are advances

in science and technology as well as influence of foreign cultures and languages.

Exercise J

Select the pair of words related in the same way as the capitalized words are related to each other

Stove: Kitchen

A. window: bedroom

B. sink: bathroom

C. television: living room

D. trunk: attic

E. kiss; groom

1.Celebrate; Marriage

A. announce: birthday

B. report: injury

C. lament: bereavement

D. face: penalty

E. easy: hard

2.Joy: Ecstasy

A. admiration: love

B. weather; humidity

C. happiness: sorrow

D. life: hope

E. youth: frolic

3.Mystery: Clue

A. book: reader

B. fruit: bowl

C. door: key

D. detective: crime

E. fly: pan

4. Wood: Carve

A. trees: sway

B. paper: burn

C. clay: mold

D. pipe: blow

E. statue: model

Exercise K

Directions: Some of the following statements are true, and the others are false.

Mark your answer by writing T or F on your Answer Sheet.

1. If a word has synonyms, naturally it has antonyms.

2.While referring to somebody, we sometimes use the idiom “a small potato” which

is a metaphor.

3.Snakes chatter while magpies hiss.

4. The phrase “burn one’s boat” means “to warm oneself” in English.

5. Motivation can explain why a particular form has a particular meaning.

6. Polysemy is the result of long semantic development.

7. Homonyms are words whose meanings are closely related.

8. A semantic field is a meaning area where words share the same concept.

基本拟声词

Apes gibber Asses bray Bears growl Beetles drone Bulls bellow Camels grunt Cats meow/miaow Dogs bark Ducks quack Eagles scream Flies buzz Frogs crack Geese cackle(gabble) Goats bleat Horses neigh(snort) Hens cluck Larks warble Lions roar Magpies chatter Mice squeak Owls hoot/screech Pigeons coo Pigs squeal/grunt Puppies yelp Ravens croak Snakes hiss Thrushes whistle Turkeys gobble Wolves howl

常见英美拼法及用词部分差异

英国英语美国英语英国英语美国英语waggon wagon rhyme rime traveller traveler moustache mustache enroll enrol pavement sidewalk programme program petrol gas cigarette cigaret film movie

honour honor lift elevator defence defense tin can pretence pretense post mail

license licence railway railroad practise(v.) practice call-box telephone-booth enquire inquire taxi cab judgement judgment sweets candy acknowledgement acknowledgment parliament congress connexion connection shop store inflexion inflection autumn fall

centre center maize corn

masque mask first year student freshman cheque check trousers pants catalogue catalog colour color

draught draft neighbour neighbor aesthetic esthetic metre meter analyse analyze theatre theater

plough plow storey story

grey gray tyre tire

pyjamas pajamas kerb curb

gaol jail pedlar peddler

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