2021年高考英语二轮复习考点讲解：形容词和副词

知识点一、形容词和副词的根本用法

1．形容词在句中的效果。

1.形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。

2.形容词在句中也可作状语，用来标明主语所在

的状况。

He was lying in bed，dead.

3.alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/

ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。如：

He is an ill man.(错)

The man is ill.(对)

She is an afraid girl.(错)

The girl is afraid.(对)

4.twoyearold/200metrelong/onethousandword

等复合形容词中的名词要用奇数，一般只用作前置定语。

如：

Tom is a twoyearold boy.

2．副词在句中的效果。

副词在句中一般用作状语，润饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可润饰整个语句。如：

Obviously you are wrong.

知识点二、常用衔接性副词的用法

1．though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“可是，可是”，标明转机含义。

2．the refore“因而，所以”，标明成果。

3．meanwhile“与此一同，在此期间”，标明前后分句

的动作一同发生。

4．moreover“别的”，标明接受联系。

5．however“可是”，标明退让、转机，常用逗号与语

句的其他成分离隔。

6．besides“别的；还有”，标明递进联系。

7．instead“相反”，标明前后分句含义相反。

知识点三、形容词、副词的比较级及第一流

1．平级比较

1.as＋形容词/副词原级＋as像……相同

2.as＋adj.＋a/an＋名词＋as像……相同的……

3.as much＋a/an＋名词＋as和……相同是……

4.not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as...不

如……那样……

①Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．

＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．

Henry和Peter相同都是好工人。

②It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

人们普遍以为，教育是一门科学，一同也是一门艺术。

2．比较级

1.the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……，

越……

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes

you'll make.

你越仔细，你犯的过错越少。

2.the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词，标明“两

个中较……的”。

The taller of the two boys is my brother.

这两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。

3．比较级的润饰词

常见的润饰词有much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中)，详细的数据等。

He is much taller than Yao Ming.

他比姚明高多了。

可是very/quite/fairly一般不用来润饰比较级；第一

流常用by far/much或序数词作状语。如：

The population of China is by far the largest in the world.

Africa is the second largest continent.

4．几种带有否定词的比较句型

1.no better than标明“和……相同；实践等

于……”。例如：

The patient is no better than he was yesterday.

患者的状况和昨日相同(欠好)。

2.no more...than标明“同……相同不”。例如：

A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.

鲸和马都不是鱼。

3.no less... than标明“和……相同；不逊

于”。例如：

The technique of writing is no less difficult

than that of the other arts.

写作技巧和其他艺术技巧相同困难。

5．比较级表达第一流含义

1.“否定词＋比较级”有第一流的含义。

Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better

one before。

你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这更好听的故事。

2.比较级在以下几种句式中均标明第一流含义。

比较级＋than＋any other＋奇数名词

比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词

比较级＋than＋anyone else

比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词

比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词

例如：朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)

①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.

②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.

③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.

④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.

⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.

知识点四、倍数表达法

1．A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B

2．A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B

3．A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B

4．the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B

5．A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句

长江是珠江的三倍长。(一句多译)

①The Yangtze River is twice longer than the

Pearl River.

②The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.

③The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.

④The length of the Yangtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.

知识点五、形容词作定语时的方位

1．一般置于所润饰的词之前，但不定代词的定语一般在后边。如：

Someone strange is asking to see you.

Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.

2．else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后边作定语。如：No one else can answer the question.

3．多个形容词作定语时的词序为：巨细、长短、凹凸形

状/年纪、新旧色彩/来历、国籍、区域、出处/资料/用处。如：

an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.

高频考点一形容词、副词的根本用法

例1．(2019·江苏卷)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ________ options to exercise. A．casual B．regular

C．flexible D．tight

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容词剖析。句意：与传统健身房不同，有软件支撑的健身房为人们供给了灵敏的练习挑选。

casual“随意的”；regular“有规矩的”；flexible“灵敏的”；tight“紧的”。

【变式探求】(2018·江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.

A．keen B．reluctant

C．anxious D．ready

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词。句意：虽然这家旅馆服务差，可

是司理却不肯出资对职工进行满足的练习。reluctant“不甘

愿的，牵强的”契合句意。

【变式探求】Fathers’ love for their kids seems

to be a bit strict and tough; ________，mothers’

love seems to be loving and caring.

A．anyway B．meanwhile

C．moreover D．otherwise

【答案】B

【解析】考察副词剖析。句意：父亲对孩子的爱好像有

点严峻和强硬；相比之下，母亲的爱好像是赋有爱心和关怀的。meanwhile“与此一同，比照之下”，契合语境。a nyway“虽然，而且”；moreover“此外，而且”；otherwise“除此之外，不然”。

高频考点二形容词、副词的比较等级用法

例1．It may not be a great suggestion. But before ________ is put forward, we’ll make do with it.

A．a good one B．a better one

C．the best one D．a best one

【答案】B

【解析】句意：它或许不是一个好主张，但在更好的主张被提出之前，咱们先将就一下。此处暗含比较，标明“一条更好的主张”，是泛指，故选B。

【变式探求】I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time — there are ________ meaningful things to do.

A．less B．more

C．the least D．the most

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我以为每天晚上看电视是浪费时刻，由于有更有含义的事能够去做。依据句意可知，此处使用meaningful的比较级方式，故选B。

【触类旁通】This is by far ________ movie that I have ever seen.

A．an inspiring B．a much inspiring

C．the most inspiring D．the more inspiring

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。

by far 中用于润饰形容词或副词的比较级或第一流。依据

that从句的描绘可知，应该挑选C项，即用第一流方式。D项，“the＋比较级”常常要与由of构成的短语连用。

高频考点三形容词、副词剖析

例3．【2018·江苏】Despite the poor service of

the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in

sufficient training for his staff.

1.keen B. reluctant

C. anxious

D. ready

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词词义剖析及语境了解。句意：虽然

旅馆服务欠好，司理还不肯投入为职工供给满足的练习。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不甘愿的；C. anxious巴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。

【触类旁通】（2017?天津）—I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.

—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.

1.busy B. active C. concerned D. available 【答案】D

【解析】句意：--我想见怀特先生，咱们有约。--对不住，他现在没空，由于会议还没有完毕。A.繁忙；B.活泼，活泼；C关怀；D.有空。依据语境，故选D。

【变式探求】David is ________ animal fur, so he won’t visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house. A．curious about B．allergic to

C．satisfied with D．fond of

【答案】B

【解析】(be) curious about“对……猎奇的”；(be) allergic to“对……过敏的”；(be) satisfied

with“对……满足的”；(be) fond of“喜爱”。依据空格后边的so he won’t visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house可知，戴维对动物皮裘“过敏”。

【变式探求】The Forbidden City attracts a

________ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.

A．constant B．main

C．powerful D．shallow

【答案】A

【解析】句意：紫禁城每天都吸引着川流不息的游客，

特别是在国庆节期间。A constant stream of visitors标明“川流不息的游客”。Constant“继续不断的”，契合句意。Main“首要的”；powerful“强有力的”；shallow“浅的”。

【触类旁通】Tony can hardly boil an egg, still

________ cook dinner.

A．less B．little

C．much D．more

【答案】A

【解析】句意：托尼简直不会煮鸡蛋，更况且煮饭呢。

still less意为“况且，更不用说”，契合句意。

高频考点四倍数表达法

例4．This restaurant wasn't ________ that other restaurant we went to.

A．half as good as B．as half good as

C．as good as half D．good as half as

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这家饭馆还没有咱们去过的其他饭馆的一半好呢。本题为倍数表达法之一：倍数＋as＋adj.原级＋as ＋比较成分。

【触类旁通】Mary’s house in Nanchang cost much more than ours，though not half________．

A．so big B．much bigger

C．very big D．as bigger

【答案】A

【解析】此处标明“玛丽在南昌的房子不到咱们家房子面积的一半，却比咱们家的房子贵得多”，完好的标明是“...cost much more than ours，though it is not half as/so big (as ours)．”。

【变式探求】The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______ the present one. A．as three times big as

B．three times as big as

C．as big as three times

D．as big three times as

【答案】B

【解析】英语中常见的表达倍数的句型有：①... times ＋as ＋adj./adv. (原级)＋as...; ②...times＋

adj./adv.(比较级)＋than... ; ③...times＋the

length/width/...＋of...。故B项契合。

1．(2019·江苏卷)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ________ options to exercise. A．casual B．regular

C．flexible D．tight

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容词剖析。句意：与传统健身房不同，有软件支撑的健身房为人们供给了灵敏的练习挑选。

casual“随意的”；regular“有规矩的”；flexible“灵敏的”；tight“紧的”。

2．(2019·天津卷)A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established. A．properly B．widely

C．originally D．temporarily

【答案】A

【解析】考察副词剖析。句意：狗的饮食习惯在正确地

树立之前需求规矩的练习。A项意为“正确地”；B项意为

“广泛地”；C项意为“开始”；D项意为“暂时”。故选A。

1．(2018·江苏卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.

A．keen B．reluctant

C．anxious D．ready

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词。句意：虽然这家旅馆服务差，可

是司理却不肯出资对职工进行满足的练习。reluctant“不甘

愿的，牵强的”契合句意。

1．（2017·江苏）Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated ____________ PCs in sales.

1.controversial B. contradictory

C. confidential

D. conventional

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词剖析。A. controversial有争议的；

B. contradictory敌对的，彼此对立的；

C. confidential秘

要的，隐秘的；D. conventional传统的。句意：乔布斯逝世

只是五年后，智能手机在销量上就打败了传统的个人电脑。故

选D。

2．（2017·江苏） The disappearance of dinosaurs

is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.

But ____________ explanations are hard to find.

1.alternative B. aggressive

C. ambiguous

D. apparent

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容词。A. alternative可供代替的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗时的；D. apparent清楚明了的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由地理作业引起的，可是难以找到其它解说。故选A。

3．（2017?天津）—I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.

—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.

1.busy B. active C. concerned D. available 【答案】D

【解析】句意：--我想见怀特先生，咱们有约。--对不住，他现在没空，由于会议还没有完毕。A.繁忙；B.活泼，活泼；C关怀；D.有空。依据语境，故选D。

1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，63)The title will be

________(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.【答案】officially

【解析】句意：这个头衔会在伦敦的仪式上正式地被颁

发我。润饰动词使用副词方式。

2．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，41)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(辨认)those of ________(great)and less importance.

【答案】greater

【解析】句意：假如你由于作业职责而感到有压力的话，那么你应该暂缓一下，辨认哪些作业更重要，哪些不太重要。由and衔接两个并排成分可知，great应与less并排，故用

比较级greater。

3．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，47)Recent studies show that

we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________(regular)．

【答案】regularly

【解析】句意：近期的研讨标明，假如有规则地时刻短

歇息，咱们的作业效率会更高。形容词一般在句中作定语或表语。此处润饰动词短语take short breaks，需用副词。

4．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，66)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which

________(gradual)turned into chopsticks.

【答案】gradually

【解析】句意：小块的食物用树枝更简单吃到，这样树枝就逐渐演化成了筷子。所填词润饰动词，所以用副词方式。

5．(2016·四川，62)Chinese scientists

________(recent)had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.

【答案】recently

【解析】句意：最近，我国的科学家有时机研讨一只带着新出世的熊猫宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫。在句中作状语使用副词方式。

6．(2016·四川，63)She was a very

________(care)mother.

【答案】caring/careful

【解析】句意：她是一位十分关怀的/仔细的妈妈。润饰名词使用形容词方式。caring“关怀的，关怀别人的”和careful“仔细的”均契合语境。