完形填空逻辑关系词

完形填空常考的逻辑关系词

1、并列和递进关系

①标志词

and, indeed, also, besides, almost, even, similarly, like, correspondingly, accordingly, in the same way, meanwhile, furthermore, moreover, too

②前后句子的名词或意思具有同指性

2、转折或让步的对立关系

①标志词

but, yet, however, although, though, while, wheras, despite, by contrast, on the contrary

②前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，往往出现以下情况

a：褒贬对立b：句式结构对立，前肯后否、前否后肯

3、例证关系

①标志词：for example, for instance. for one thing, to illustrate, as an illustration, that is, namely, verify

②出题模式

a:总结说明例子(例证)，总结说明后往往伴有表例证关系的提示词；for example, for in stance 此时前面往往有复数名词或表述概念句子。

b:例子(例证) 总结说明，总结说明提前往往伴有提示词：thus ,therefore, in conclusion, as a result

4、定义关系

①有定义或释义关系的句子往往是文章或段落主题句，所以放段首或段尾

②下定义的方式有：

a：判断句：A is B

b：名词(被定义对象)+定语从句(定义内容)

c：名词+同位语

d：名词+be called+名词

e：by+名词(被定义对象)+be meant + 名词(定义内容)

③下定义时所伴随的过度词：namely, in other words, that is to say, or rather

完形填空中要注意的连接词与连接语

一般把连接词与连接语分为以下三类：

1.表明事件发生的时间顺序：

then, first, at once, next, after that, previously, while, when, the following day, etc.

2.表明文章的组织结构:

1)Listing:

firstly, in the first place, secondly, thirdly, my next point is, last/finally, etc.

2)Illustrating:

for example/ for instance, to illustrate, an example/ instance of this is, let’s take….., take…. for example, etc.

3)Re-stating:

in other words, that is to say, to put it another way, let me put it this way, or rather, namely, etc.

4)Referring:

in this respect, in that connection, as we said, apart from this, etc.

5)Resuming:

to resume, to return to the previous point, getting back to the argument, etc.

6)Summarizing:

to sum up, in short, it amounts to this, what I have been saying is this, etc.

7)Emphasizing:

it is worth noting, I would like to direct your attention to, let us consider, we must now turn to, I shall begin by, etc.

3.表明作者的观点、态度

1)Introducing( or emphasizing) further evidence:

moreover, furthermore, in addition, what’s more, as well, etc.

2)Cause:

because (of), since, owing to, on account of, due to, as a result of, etc.

3)Effect:

as a result, hence, therefore, consequently, thus, so, etc.

4)Contrasting:

in / by contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, nevertheless, whereas, while, yet, however, but, etc.

5)Comparison:

in like manner, likewise, in the same way, similarly, in comparison with, etc.

6)Purpose:

to this end, for this purpose, with this in mind, in order to, so that, etc.

7)Intensification:

indeed, in fact, in any event / case, at no time, to tell the truth

做完型填空，需要把握各段落、句子之间的逻辑关系，这样才能加深对文章的全面理解，因此，应熟记表达各种不同逻辑关系的连词，这些逻辑关系词主要包括：

表示列举的连词：first, second, third…;firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…;for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude…

表示原因的连词：because, since, as, now that…

表示结果的连词：so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result

表示让步和转折的连词：however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at

any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever

表示对照的连词：on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely

表示补充的连词：also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither, not…but…, not only…but also…

表示时间顺序的连词：when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once

表示目的的连词：that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that

表示条件的连词：if, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, in case, so (as) long as, so far as, on condition (that), provided (that), providing (that)