考研英语阅读理解历年真题逐句解析

考研英语阅读理解历年真题逐句解析
考研英语阅读理解历年真题逐句解析

考研英语阅读理解历年真题逐句解析

提升阅读和翻译能力要打好基础,要做到这一点,一定要学会精读,以历年真题为依托,仔细研究每个句子,日积月累,坚持百日,相信会有很大的提升。下面凯程网考研频道带大家来逐句拆分解读历年阅读真题,从成分到词汇及这你翻译,帮助大家打好基础,提升综合能力,大家抓紧学起来。

2016考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析(183)

If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition —wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny —must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf.

译文:如果雄心壮志得到人们足够重视的话,那么它的回报——财富、声誉、对命运的掌握——则都使人们认为是值得去为之付出代价的。

分析:此句包含一个if引导的条件状语从句If ambition is to be well regarded,主句的主语是the rewards of ambition,谓语是must be deemed,而wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny既是插入语,又是the rewards的同位语。made on ambition's behalf是the sacrifices的补语。

【词汇指南】

摘自《十天搞定考研词汇》(王江涛、刘文涛)

well[wel](adv.)很好地;相当地,很(n.)水井(中考词汇)(2003年-阅读1、2005年-阅读4、2009年-阅读4、2011年-阅读3)(该词与汉语“完好”发音极其接近——即“很好地;相当地”。而该词之所以还表示“水井”,是因为“水”就是最好的东西、乃生命之源。因此从某种程度上来说,“well-水井”演变自“water-水”。)

考点搭配:

as well 也(2003年-阅读1)

well regarded 受欢迎的,受好评的(2005年-阅读4)

less well educated 未受过良好教育的(2009年-阅读4)

well-orchestrated 精心策划的(2011年-阅读3)

reward [ri'w?:d](n.)报酬,奖金(vt.)报偿,酬谢;奖励(高考词汇)(2005年-阅读1、2011年-阅读4、2012年-阅读3、2012年-阅读4)(re-回,ward=award-奖品→企业为“回”报工人而“奖给”的东西——即“报酬,奖金”,引申为“报偿,酬谢;奖励”。)

1个派生词:

●rewarding [ri'w?:di?](adj.)有报酬的,有益的(超纲词汇)(2006年-阅读1)(inɡ-形容词后缀)

4个扩展词:

●award[?'w?:d](vt.)授予,给予(n.)奖品;奖状(高考词汇)(2014年-阅读3)(a-加强语气,表示“一”,ward-保护→奖励那些在战场中“保护”领袖、一直坚守作战的勇士——即“授予,给予”,引申为“奖品;奖状”。)

●steward ['stju:?d] (n.)(轮船、飞机等的)服务员,乘务员;管家(高考词汇)(2005年-阅读

2)(ste=sta-词根,站立,ward-守卫→站立、守卫在客人身边的人——即“服务员,乘务员”,引申为“管家”。)

●wardrobe ['w?:dr?ub](n.)衣柜;行头;剧装(CET-4)(2013年-阅读1)(ward-保护;收容所,robe-长袍→最初“衣柜”就是用来“收容”和存储长袍的。)

●ward [w?:d](n.)保护,看护;病房;收容所(高考词汇)(wa=wall-围墙,rd=round-围绕→“城墙”围绕——即“保护,看护”,引申为“病房;收容所”。)

deem [di:m](v.)深信,认为(CET-6、考研词汇)(2010年-阅读1)(有学者认为,“deem-深信、认为”由“doom-劫数、命定”演变而来(oo-ee元音变化)→源于古人看到天体陨落、于是“深信”将有惨祸发生;后来,根据“深信”引申为“认为”。)

1个形近词:

●doom[du:m](n.)厄运,劫数;毁灭;世界末日(vt.)注定,命定;使失败,使毁灭(CET-6、考研词汇)(2003年-阅读2)(有学者认为,“doom”一词具有拟声色彩,是模仿星体陨落人间、撞向地面的声音“咚~”而造→因为古人认为,星体陨落将预示着人间将有“灾难、惨祸”发生——即“厄运,劫数;毁灭”,引申为“世界末日”。后来,“doom”又引申出了动词词义“注定,命定”以及“使失败,使毁灭”等含义。)

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2019考研英语阅读理解常考题型总结

2019考研英语阅读理解常见题型总结 来源:智阅网 考研英语阅读理解虽然难度不小,但是还是有规律可循。掌握好了规律,可以有效提高我们的复习效率和复习成绩。所以,就来说说阅读理解的常见题型有哪些。 1.主旨大意题。 这类题实质考察考生对中心思想的理解,难度不高,具体应对技巧如下: A.关注各段落首句,尤其是第一段首句,这与西方人思维相关,他们习惯开门见山表达出自己的观点,然后广泛引用材料去论述。因此,一般而言首段的首句构成文章的中心句,而各段的首句构成各段的中心。 B.关注首段末句。有些作者习惯先列出一些传统的观点或先对一些具体现象进行说明,然后提出与之不同的观点或在结尾对现象进行总结,在接下来的段落中继续论述。对于这类文章,如果作者没有提出不同的观点,则最后总结性语句为文章中心,一旦提出不同或完全对立的观点,又在后文中加以论述,则作者提出的新观点为文章中心;如果新老观点均是对同一个结果的论述,那么该论述的结论为文章中心。 C.当不能直接找出主题句时,通常文章中作者给予叙述较多或强调较多的某一事物或某一观点即文章的中心。在题目作答时,可采用中心词定位法,排除不含中心词的选项,对比有中心词的选项,选择最接近中心的选项。 D.如果对选项仍有异议,可把有异议的选项逐个带入文章中,看哪个能更好的囊括文章中心。这是一个检验的过程。 2.事实细节题。 此类题占阅读总分40分中的50%左右,因此十分重要。注意,这类问题与推理性问题截然相反,都可以从原文中找到答案,只不过

为了迷惑考生,常常将原文进行改写,换一种说法。所以,照抄原文,一字不改的不一定就是答案,而与原文意思相同的,才是正确的。其基本应对技巧如下: A.基本原则是以中心为导向,忠实原文为基础,千万不可主观臆断,最好的方法是回到原文的出题点进行揣摩。 B.必须看清题目,尤其是当题目就某一个具体细节并且脱离文章中心的提问。一般来说,细节问题绝大部分是围绕文章中心进行出题,但不排除文中就一些具体的,因果互动现象的内容提问。 3.词汇短语题。 其分值不高,考察范围可分为两类。第一,纲内词汇词义的引申。考察考生对所熟悉的词汇在特定语境下正确含义的理解。一般来说,该词的本意不是解,但是其引申义上仍可以找到本意的影子。第二,纲外词汇词义的推断。 4.推断性问题。 此类题大概占20%左右的分值,总体难度不大,是考生的必得分点。中心导向依然是解题的宏观主线,其关键是忠实原文的推断。其应对策略和事实细节题类似,考生在该题型上的主要失误在于脱离文章主观臆断造成的。 5.语气态度题。 对作者态度的判断是构成阅读理解的两条宏观主线之一。因此,正确辨明作者对所叙述事物的态度,不仅关系到本类题型的解答,也潜在影响到其他问题的正确解答。这类题目主要从作者文中描述事物所用到的形容词,副词,动词等表达感情色彩的词汇入手。当选项不能确定时,再回到原文中找关键词。对这类题型,分清褒贬一般不难,是考生的必得分点。 我们还可以做做何老师的2019《考研英语阅读思路解析》,有助于我们更好地理解阅读理解这个题型,并且还能培养好应试心理。

考研英语阅读理解出题难度浅析

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考研英语阅读理解全文翻译.doc

年考研英语阅读理解全文翻译.doc

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Text1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the u nconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. 习惯是件有趣的事情。我们无意识间养成了一些习惯,我们的大脑是自动运转的,轻松进入熟知套路所带来的不自觉舒适状态。“这并非选择,而是习惯控制了那些没有思想的人”,这是威廉?华兹华斯(William Wordsworth)19世纪时说的话。在现在这个日新月异的21世纪,甚至习惯这个词本身也带有负面涵义。因此,在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯,似乎显得有点矛盾。 But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. 但大脑研究人员发现,当我们有意识地培养新的习惯的时候,我们创建了平行路径,甚至是全新的脑细胞,可以让我们的思路跳转到新的创新轨道上来。但是,不必费心试图摈弃各种旧习惯;一旦这些程序惯例融进大脑,它们就会留在那里。相反,我们刻意培养的新习惯会创建平行路径能避开原来那些老路。 “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Th inking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possib ilities.”

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