BibExcel - 共词分析指南(英文)

Bibexcel – co-word analysis Data that is collected from i.e. Web of Science, WinSpirs/Silverplatter or Endnote must be converted before it can be analyzed. Picture 1 below shows a bibliographic description in such a format that BibExcel can read it. Every field must end with a ”spike” and the last field must end in a ”double spike”. Field tags are given with two letters, followed by a – and a space.

FN- DIALOG(R)File 7:Social SciSearch(R)|

AZ- 03282328|

GA- 160PZ|

TI- Collaboration and author productivity: A paper with a new variable inLotka's law|

AV- ABSTRACT AVAILABLE|

LA- English|

AU- Gupta BM (REPRINT); Karisiddippa CR|

CS- NATL INST SCI TECHNOL & DEV STUDIES,SCIENTOMETR & INFORMETR GRP/NEW DELHI 110012//INDIA/ (REPRINT); KARNATAK UNIV,DEPT LIB & INFORMAT SCI/DHARWAD 580003/KARNATAKA/INDIA/|

GL- INDIA|

JN- SCIENTOMETRICS, 1999, V44, N1, P129-134

PU- ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS| SN- 0138-9130|

PY- 1999|

NR- 8|

SF- CC SOCS--Current Contents, Social & Behavioral Sciences|

SC- INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE|

AB- The paper explores the possibility of using a new variable

represented by the number of collaborators per author as a substitute for the number of papers in Lotka's distribution to predict the productivity strata.On the basis of a case paper in theoretical population genetics it is concluded|

CR- FELSENSTEIN J, 1981, BIBLIO THEORETICAL P When you save a file from WoS it is automaticly named as S avedrex in txt type. The file is in other words saved as a text file.You then need to re-save the file. Open it in Microsoft Word, or some other similar program. Save it as a plain text file. In the next small window that opens, mark the box “Insert line breaks ” and make sure CR/LF is chosen. This is a good time to change the name, so that the original file will not get messed up even by an accident.

Next you need to open this new file in BibExcel and convert it to Dialog format. 1. Mark directory, in this case drive C:\ 2. In Select file here , open the folder the file is located in and choose the file from the right. 3. Go to Miscellaneous (Misc) and select Convert to Dialog-format and mark Convert from Web of Science . Click OK and the file is converted to Dialog format 4 and saved as a .doc file. The original file is left untouched.

You can view these two files by marking them from the space above ”View file” button, and clicking on ”View file”. You can see the file in “The list”. You can compare the before and after converting files, and see how the delimiters, spikes and dubble spikes are inserted.

Co-word analysis

1. Open your data file in BibExcel (.txt). Choose “View file” to open it in The List.

2. From ”Frequency distribution”-box, choose from the drop-down menu ”Whole string” check the checkbox labeled ”Make new out-file” and write in Old tag-field DE (Descriptors or what ever label you use). This will create a new file, a .oux -file.

3. Choose the .oux -file and open it to The List by clicking on “View file”. Then, from the “Select field to be analysed…” -box, choose from the drop-down menu

”Any; separated field” press on the Prep-button. This will create a new .out -file, where all the keywords are listed by cases.

4. Open the .out -file in to The List. Choose from the Analyze-menu, ”Frequencies, using outfile-type”. This will create a .frg -file where the keywords are listed with their frequencies (how many times the keyword has appeared in all the cases).

5. Copy these by clicking on Copy and move them to Excel. In Excel sort the keywords descending by their frequency. Then copy the most frequent keywords and their frequencies back to BibExcel.

If you choose too many keywords, the maps will be too big to draw or to interpret the results properly. If you choose too few keywords, you probably will not get any interesting results. So choose wisely. Also make sure to choose some meaningful frequencies. If for example the ten most frequent keywords all have a frequency over 50 and the rest of the keywords have only appeared a couple of times each, then it is probably meaningful to take only the ten most frequent keywords to further analysis. Around 40-50 keywords makes still quite nice maps. A maximum is perhaps around 80-90 keywords.

Clear The List by clicking on Clear. Paste keywords into BibExcel and to The List by clicking on Paste button.

6. Now mark the .out -file from the file list and choose Analyze Co-occurrence Make pairs via listbox. Answer NO to the first question and OK to the second.

This will create a .coc -file.

7. Continue with the .coc -file and choose Analyze List units in pairs.

This will result in a .ccc -file.

8. Open the .ccc -file into The List and mark the .coc -file from the filelist. Choose Analyze ”Make a matrix” and answer the question in a way that suits your research. Probably, OK to the first question, YES to Lower left matrix, YES to sort the columns, NO to sort them numerically and finally OK.

9. Then choose Analyze Make a map/Systat... and answer OK to all the questions.

10. In the opening window write ”Submit map”. Then back in BibExcel choose Analyze Show map.

11. Choose colors as you please and return to BibExcel by double-clicking on the map.

12. Open the .lab –file into The List by clicking on View File. Then click on ”Show map”.

13. In the map click on Labels.

14. Return to BibExcel by double-clicking on the map. Clear The List and Paste the frequencies that you copied earlier from Excel.

15. Return to the map, click Show map, check the checkbox Zoom+ and click on Circle size. This will change the circle sizes to match their frequencies.

初中英语教学案例分析范文

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那些经典的中国诗——翻译成英语——竟是这般模样！前言你一定读过唐诗，很可能经常读，但可能你从未用英语朗读过唐诗，这将让你错过一场美的盛宴！在这纷杂的世界上，总是有很多奇妙的共通之处，比如——再有背景的小孩，也逃不过被大人喊出来表演节目的命运。看过视频的读书君表示诧异，当中国父母逼着娃苦学英文的同时，难道“歪果仁”已经能用流利的中文吟诗了？事实上，中国诗词文化早已走上了国际—— 比如1984年，美国总统里根访华，在欢迎晚宴上，他举杯脱口而出：“Althoughwere side in far corners of the world, having a good friend is akin to having agood neighbor.”这句就是唐代著名诗人王勃的“海内存知已，天涯若比邻”。再如1989年，美国总统老布什访华，曾提到乘船经过三峡的经历时说：“the monkeys who screamed from，the two sides without stopping.”这一句是李白的“轻舟已过万重山”，暗示中美关系将冲破重重阻力，破浪前行。中国古典文学中，最优秀的作品莫过于唐诗，而英语又是世界上使用范围最广的语言。我们读英译唐诗，在品味中国与西方文化碰撞交流的韵味美，同时更有助于提高自身英文水平。香港大学何中坚教授就将这些美丽的唐诗翻译成了英文，不仅向我们展示了唐诗的另一面，也拯救了看不懂中文的“歪果”唐诗爱好

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英语作文常用关联词

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英语数字的表示方法972861

英语数字的表示方法英语数字的表示方法数词数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。一、数词的分类（2002.02.21）　1. 基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下： A．从1——10 　one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten． B．从11——19 　eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．这里除eleven，twelve，thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen 都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。 C．从21——99 整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six D．百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and． 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight E．千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加thousand，第二个“，” 前面的数字后添加million，第三个“，”前的数字后添加billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred ,and thirty-four F．基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。 There are hundreds of people in the hall．大厅里有数以百计的人。 Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of　Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day．

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数据：或…… 国外的有：ScienceDirect：：：…… 注：当然，除了国外的部分数据库有少量文献可以免费查看全文之外，都是要付费的。这就需要登录这些数据库的帐号和密码，或者是代理IP。 3）利用搜索引擎一般来说，英文的用Google 来搜索要好一点，因为它收录了大量国外的网站。而百度主要针对国内的，如果你的话题是特别中国化的，那么百度也是不错的选择。由于正式文档一般都采用pdf，要搜索pdf 文档，只需在关键词后，加个filetype:pdf 即可除了以网页模式之外，还可以在Google 学术里或是百度文档里搜索，二者互为补充。注：具体参见《搜索引擎常用技巧——英文资料篇》

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Case 1 The shipping agent is serving the customers in the way that is considered efficient in Venezuelan culture. To the Canadian, however, this is unfocused activity that is not nearly as efficient as it would be — particularly from her point of view — if the agent simply dealt exclusively with her scheduled appointment. In Canada, businesspeople typically write appointments and activities into the day’s agenda every day. They then work sequentially through the agenda until they have completed each task or the day is over. In other words, Canadians prefer to do one thing at a time, while the South Americans, including Venezuelans, tend to do a few things simultaneously. Case 2 As a Westerner, the American visiting professor does not quite understand the collective ownership of information in some other cultural environments. What made her annoyed is a different attitude toward information about people. In the United States, it is generally assumed that personal matters are private. Teachers go through elaborate procedures to assure that students do not have access to each other’s grades. In business it is the same. Evaluations are confidential. Case 3 As a matter of fact, the American woman was not being disrespectful. However, it is clear that her way of showing respect and welcome was different from the ancient tradition of keeping physical distance from superiors, which is still widely observed, especially when royalty is involved. Paul Keating, the Australian prime minister, may have intended to suggest by his gesture that Australia would no longer accept the queen as head of state but just as one of their honored guests. Obviously, the British would not like it at all. Sometimes, such seemingly trivial things can influence relations between countries. That’s why protocol is taken seriously and people who are to hold diplomatic posts will be given detailed and careful instructions. Case 7 When the Canadian young man said, “Who took my peanut butter?”, what he really meant was “Where is my peanut butter? I can’t find it.”The Chinese doctor felt upset because in Chinese culture questions like this, especially expressed in the way the young Canadian man did, often imply that someone is to blame. Chinese culture prohibits direct accusing unless a person has been targeted for shame. However, true to her learned cultural behavior of never showing anger in public, the Chinese doctor didn’t say anything, though she was deeply distressed. Later, the physiotherapist was making a joke when she said the Chinese doctor had “three hands”. She wasn’t serious, of course, and expected the patient to be amused by her explanation for his pain: that the doctor on the other side of the room could have reached an imaginary hand out to touch him. She didn’t know that in Chinese a “three-handed person” is a slang for a thief. Case 8 In American culture, people’s personal goals take priority over their allegiance to groups like the family or the employer. The loyalty of individuals to a group is usually weak. Americans are apt to change their relationship if it suits their individual needs, and they are not likely to be emotionally dependent on organizations and institutions. In Japanese society, the relationship between an employee and the firm is much more interdependent, somewhat similar to a child-mother relationship where the mother (firm) is obliged to take care of her children (employees) and children (employees) have to obey and follow the commands of their mother (firm).

常用英语写作词汇

常用英语写作词汇 1 the 2 be 3 of 4 and 5 a 6 to 7 in 8 he 9 have 10 it 11 that 12 for 13 they 14 I 15 with 16 as 17 not 18 on 19 she

20 at 21 by 22 this 23 we 24 you 25 do 26 but 27 from 28 or 29 which 30 one 31 would 32 all 33 will 34 there 35 say 36 who 37 make 38 when 39 can 40 more

41 if 42 no 43 man 44 out 45 other 46 so 47 what 48 time 49 up 50 go 51 about 52 than 53 into 54 could 55 state 56 only 57 new 58 year 59 some 60 take 61 come

63 know 64 see 65 use 66 get 67 like 68 then 69 first 70 any 71 work 72 now 73 may 74 such 75 give 76 over 77 think 78 most 79 even 80 find 81 day 82 also

84 way 85 many 86 must 87 look 88 before 89 great 90 7 back 91 through 92 long 93 where 94 much 95 should 96 well 97 people 98 down 99 own 100 just

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