2018年辽宁大学二外日语考研大纲硕士研究生入学考试大纲

二外日语考试大纲

一、考试目的

本科目考试是英/俄语语言文学专业以及外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学的专业基础测试,旨在考查考生对第二外语语言基础知识的掌握程度及语言分析的能力。让学生掌握第二外语的基本学习方法,激发学生对第二外语的兴趣,帮助学生培养第二外语的实际应用能力。

二、考试性质与范围

本考试内容涉及考生是否具备基础语言运用能力,考试范围包括英/俄语语言文学以及外国语言学及应用语言学专业考生入学应具备的日语词汇量、语法知识以及语言转换的基本技能。

三、考试基本要求

1.考生须较系统扎实地掌握语言基础知识、具备扎实的日语及汉语两种语言的基本功。

2.考生须具备一定的语言转换能力。

3.考生须具备初步的语言分析能力。

四、考试形式

本考试采用闭卷书面考试的形式。采用客观试题与主观试题相结合,单项技能与综合技能测试相结合的方法。

五、考试内容

本考试主要包括词语选择、助词填空、完形填空、汉译日、日译汉、阅读理

1

2018年考研英语二真题与答案解析

2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twe nty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th em clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect wit h other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and pho tographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the ba sic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can back fire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a f inal experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would

2018年浙江省专升本《大学语文》考试大纲

浙江省普通高校“专升本”统考科目: 《大学语文》考试大纲 一、考核总目标 普通高校“专升本”统考科目《大学语文》主要考查考生识记、理解、分析综合、鉴赏评价、表达应用和探究六种能力,具体分为基础知识(语言知识、文学及实用文知识)和基本能力(阅读能力、写作能力)两大方面。 二、考核内容 (一)基础知识 1.语言知识 (1)能够识记、理解常用的文言词语,掌握文言文作品中词类活用、一词多义、通假字、古今字等语言现象及常见的特殊句式,能够进行简单的文言今译。 (2)能够准确地使用汉字,识记和解释现代作品中的疑难词语(不含科技术语),了解汉语语法规范,掌握准确、简明、连贯、得体、鲜明、生动的语言表达方法。 (3)掌握文言文、现代文中常见的修辞手法。 2.文学知识 (1)掌握古今中外重要作家、代表作品的基本情况。如作家的时代、国别、字号、代表作、诗文集名称、文学主张、艺术成就等;代表作品的出处、编著年代、基本内容、主要特色和在文学史上的地位等。 (2)了解文学史中出现的重要文学流派和文学现象。 (3)默写常见的名句名篇。(详见背诵篇目) 3.实用文知识 掌握基本的实用文体的语言要求及规范的写作格式、写作要求,包括《国家行政机关公文处理办法》规定的十三种公务文书及声明、启事、证明、介绍信、求职信、演讲稿(含欢迎词、欢送词、答谢词等)、商函、计划(策划书)、总结、调查报告等事务文书。 (二)基础能力

1.阅读能力 (1)了解作品的题材,正确划分作品的段落层次,理解并概括段落大意及作品的主旨。 (2)能准确地分析一篇作品(文学及实用文)的材料、表现手法和表达技巧,能联系作品说明常见辞格的修辞作用。 (3)能结合不同文体的特点,分析作品语言的特色,体味富有表现力的语言的含义和表情达意的作用。 2.写作能力 (1)文学写作 基本要求:思想内容正确、中心明确,条理清楚、结构完整,文字通顺、标点正确、书写工整、字体行款合乎规范。除诗歌外文体不限,字数不少于600字。 (2)实用文写作 基本要求:能根据提供的材料或情境选择恰当的文种写作,主题鲜明集中、材料准确翔实、结构完整恰当、表达通顺合理。主要文种包括公务文书中的通知、通报、报告、请示、函和事务文书中的声明、启事、证明、介绍信、求职信、演讲稿(含欢迎词、欢送词、答谢词等)、商函、计划(策划书)、总结、调查报告等。 三、考试方式与试卷结构 1.考试方式:闭卷、笔试。 2.试卷分数:满分150分。 3.考试时间:150分钟。 4.试卷内容比例:语言知识约20分,文学知识约10分,实用文知识约10分,阅读约40分,写作约70分(其中实用文写作约20分,文学写作约50分)。 5.题型比例:选择题20分,填空题20分,阅读分析题40分,写作题70分。 四、背诵篇目 1.《季氏将伐颛臾》《论语》 2.《秋水》(节选)《庄子》 3.《谏逐客书》李斯 4.《郑伯克段于鄢》《左传》

语文2018年高考《考试大纲》猜题卷(全国卷)第一套试题(解析版)

2018年高考《考试大纲》猜题卷(全国卷II、III)第一套 语文试题 一、现代文阅读(35分) (一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分) 阅读下面的文章,完成1-3题。 艺术趣味的特点可以说处在一个悖论中。一方面,艺术趣味作为人们艺术接受活动中的心理定向,是主现的、自由的,因而是无可争辩的,但另一方面,艺术趣味有高级和低级之分,趣味是可以争辩的。饶有意思的是艺术趣味的功能也是一个悖论。艺术趣味的功能就是它具有定向的选择性,这种选择性一方面表现为封闭的、保守的,另一方面又表现为开放的、转移的。 作为心理定向的艺术趣味是在长期的、无数次的艺术感知和艺术体验中逐渐积淀而形成的,因此艺术趣味一旦形成,无论是选择欣赏对象的范围,还是选择欣赏的方式、欣赏的习惯等,都固定下来,呈现出某种封闭状态.这就是艺术趣味选择功能的保守性。这种保守性具体表现为趣味的偏狭性,只能欣赏自己偏爱的某一类、某一种形式的艺术品,而排斥其他类型、其他形式的艺术品。艺术趣味选择的偏狭性,还表现为对作品的思想感情的不同理解,如对《诗经》的欣赏.孔子把自己的伦理情感强加上去,归结为“思无邪”。实际上,《诗经》的思想感情很丰富,绝不是“思无邪”三个字概接得了的。这是由思想感情的单一所造成的欣赏的偏狭性。性格的不同也可能造成艺术趣味选择的偏狭性。合乎自己性格爱好的便赞叹诵读,而不合自己性格爱好的就加以抛弃。 艺术趣味选择功能的保守性、偏狭性如果发展到极端,就会使审美判断片面化,在保守性和偏狭性的支配下,劣质的作品因符合他的趣味而被任意抬高,优秀的作品因不符合他的趣味而被随意贬低,这种倩况有时甚至发生在一些大艺术家身上。艺术趣味选择功能的保守性、偏狭性还可能导致对艺术创新的反对。 但是,艺术趣味选择功能又具有开放性和可转移性的另一面。艺术趣味达到较高水平的人.必定是有足够的艺术修养和文化修养的人。具有好的艺术趣味的人虽然在开始时往往只对合乎他的艺木趣味的艺术作品感兴趣。但由于他的艺术欣赏能力比较强,感悟力特别出众,所以当他把自己的欣賞对象扩大一番时,就有可能对其他的作品也逐漸产生兴趣,从而使自己的趣味具有开放性和可转移性。例如一位本来只对格律诗有浓厚兴味的欣赏者.当他把欣赏的视线转移到自由诗上时,由于他的艺术趣味所养成的对诗的感悟能力.他有可能通过一段时间的对自由诗的审美实践,而产生对自由诗的审美趣味。可以这样说,艺术趣味从本质上说是对于生命的彻悟,而生命时时刻刻都在进展,彻悟也总是越来越多,因此趣味也就可能时时刻刻在变化。一个读者重要的是自己的彻悟能力.只要有了对文学艺术的彻悟能力.那么你的艺术趣味的选择功能不但不会使你变得偏狭,而且会帮助你走向开阔。所以,

最新2018年考研英语二真题与答案

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二) 及答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2_ _ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will ___3___. In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ____12 ___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such __ 13____ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ____14____ things is a profound one.

2018年语文考试大纲

语文 I.考核目标与要求 根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求,依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案(实验)》和《普通高中语文课程标准(实验)》,确定高考语文科考核目标与要求。 高考语文科要求考查考生识记、理解、分析综合、鉴赏评价、表达应用和探究六种能力,表现为六个层级,具体要求如下。 A.识记:指识别和记忆,是最基本的能力层级。要求能识别和记忆语文基础知识、文化常识和名句名篇等。 B.理解:指领会并能作简单的解释,是在识记基础上高一级的能力层级。要求能够领会并解释词语、句子、段落等的意思。 C.分析综合:指分解剖析和归纳整合,是在识记和理解的基础上进一步提高了的能力层级。要求能够筛选材料中的信息,分解剖析相关现象和问题,并予以归纳整合。 D.鉴赏评价:指对阅读材料的鉴别、赏析和评说,是以识记、理解和分析综合为基础,在阅读方面发展了的能力层级。 E.表达应用:指对语文知识和能力的运用,是以识记、理解和分析综合为基础,在表达方面发展了的能力层级。 F.探究:指对某些问题进行探讨,有发现、有创见,是以识记、理解和分析综合为基础,在创新性思维方面发展了的能力层级。 对A、B、C、D、E、F六个能力层级均可有不同难易程度的考查。 II.考试范围与要求 根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求,依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案(实验)》和《普通高中语文课程标准(实验)》,确定高考语文科考试范围与要求。根据高中语文课程标准规定的必修课程中阅读与鉴赏、表达与交流两个目标的“语文1”至“语文5”五个模块,选修课程中诗歌与散文、小说与戏剧、新闻与传记、语言文字应用、文化论着研读五个系列,组成考试内容。考试内容分为阅读和表达两个部分。阅读部分包括现代文阅读和古诗文阅读,表达部分包括语言文字应用和写作。考试的各部分内容均可有难易不同

2018年度高考全国统一考试大纲语文

2018高考全国统一考试大纲(总纲) 总纲 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(以下简称“高考”)是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生成绩,按已确定的招生计划,德、智、体全面衡量,择优录取。因此,高考应具有较高的信度、效度,必要的区分度和适当的难度。 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲(以下简称《考试大纲》)是高考命题的规范性文件和标准,是考试评价、复习备考的依据。《考试大纲》明确了高考的性质和功能,规定了考试内容与形式,对指导高考内容改革、规范高考命题都有重要意义。《考试大纲》根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质和能力的要求,参照《普通高中课程标准》,并考虑中学教学实际而制定。 《国务院关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》明确提出深化高考考试内容改革,依据高校人才选拔要求和国家课程标准,科学设计命题内容,增强基础性、综合性,着重考查学生独立思考和运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题的能力。高考考试内容改革注重顶层设计、统筹谋划,突出考试内容的整体设计,科学构建了高考评价体系。高考评价体系通过确立“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学”这一高考核心功能,回答了“为什么考”的问题;通过明确“必备知识、关键能力、学科素养、核心价值”四层考查内容以及“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”四个方面的考查要求,回答了高考“考什么”和“怎么考”的问题。《考试大纲》是高考评价体系的具体实现,也体现了高考考试内容改革的成果和方向。 《考试大纲》是教育部考试中心和各分省命题省市在命题中都应当严格遵循的,是制定《考试说明》的原则依据。各分省命题省市在《考试大纲》的基础上,可以结合本省市高考方案和教学实际制订《考试说明》。 本《考试大纲》的解释权归教育部考试中心。

2018年考研英语二真题与答案

2018年研究生入学考试英语(二)试题 SectionⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 . In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one. Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’

2016年重庆大学日语语言文学考研

2016年重庆大学日语语言文学考研 以下内容由凯程老师搜集整理,供考研的同学们参考。更多考研辅导班的详细内容,请咨询凯程老师。 一、重庆大学日语语言文学考研有哪些研究方向? 不同学院专业的研究方向有所不同,以重庆大学日语语言文学为例,专业的研究方向为: 01 日本近现代文学 02 日语语言学 03 翻译理论与实践 04 日语教学 二、重庆大学日语语言文学考研有哪些科目? 研究生入学考试分为初试和复试。 考试科目需要查看招生专业目录,根据报考的学院与专业了解初试科目,如重庆大学日语语言文学专业的初试科目为: ①101 思想政治理论 ②242俄语(二外)或243日语(二外)或244德语(二外)或245法语(二外) ③616基础日语(含阅读) ④813翻译与写作 复试科目: ①外语听力、口语; ②专业综合笔试

《新编日本概况》刘丽芸、黄成洲,外语教学与研究出版社2008; 01 方向:《日本文学作品选读》(近现代部分)周平,上海外语教育出版社2001 其它方向:《日语概说》皮细庚,上海外语教育出版社1997; ③专业面试。 加试科目: ①日本文化; ②高级听力。 三、重庆大学日语语言文学考研参考书目有哪些? 242 俄语(二外) 《大学俄语简明教程》(第二外语用)张宝钤钱晓慧高教出版社 243 日语(二外) 《标准日本语》(新版)初级1、2册,中级第1册(前15课)人民教育出版社 244 德语(二外) 《德语》(上下)吴永岸华宗德上海外语教育出版社 245 法语(二外) 《简明法语教程》(上下)孙辉 616 基础日语(含阅读) 《新编日语》周平、陈小芬上海外语教育出版社 813 翻译与写作 《日汉互译教程》高宁,张秀华编著南开大学出版社2006

2018年高考语文考试大纲解读及复习建议

2018年高考语文考试大纲解读及复习建议 【导语】普通高等学校根据考生成绩,按已确定的招生计划,德、智、体 全面衡量,择优录取。高考由教育部统一组织调度,教育部考试中心或实 行自主命题的省级考试院命制试题。考试日期为每年6月7日、8日,部 分省市区因考试制度的不同考试时间为3天(即6月7日-9日)。本文精 选了关于智睿高考的相关文章,欢迎大家分享转载! 考试大纲是高考命题的规范性文件和标准,是考试评价、复习备考的 依据,因此高考在进行语文复习时首先要了解考试大纲,下面是智睿网小 编给大家带来的高考语文考试大纲解读及复习建议,希望对你有帮助。 2018年高考语文考试大纲解读 2018年高考语文学科考纲修订更注重体现语文学科的基础性和综合性,优化考查内容,调整选考模块,全面考查语文能力和人文素养。 突出变化如下: 1、能力目标设计学科化,注重考查更高层次的思维能力,如鉴赏评价能力。 解读:这一改变就意味着试卷会进一步减少记忆背诵类的知识,增加 评价鉴赏、分析运用类的题目。 任何学科的知识都是有能力层级的,之前的语文考试侧重考查低级的 记忆背诵知识,但现在的高考开始侧重更高层级的能力要求。这一改变其 实是紧随北京高考改革,尤其在北京的模拟考试中,分析理解、评价鉴赏、综合运用等高级能力层级题目比例大幅度提高。如2016北京海淀一模第5题:下面选自《茶馆》的人物对话体现了“老舍式的幽默”的哪些特点?根据 材料一和材料二回答。这个题目就不仅要求学生能够在文章中提取老舍幽 默的特点,还要求学生能够根据新的文本进行分析,用文章的知识解决文 章之外的问题,这种考查运用能力的题目比例将极大提高。 2、适度增加阅读量,考查信息时代和高校人才选拔要求的快速阅读能力和信息筛选处理能力。 解读:这也就意味着学生需要在有限的时间内阅读更多的材料、处理 更多的信息,然后把这些信息变成答案写出来。 这个修改,对学生的阅读速度、阅读方法都提出了极高的要求。学生 应该在普通提高阅读速度和处理信息的速度的基础上,根据材料的特点, 采取不同的阅读方法,高效处理文章信息。

2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析(完整版)

2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析(完整版) ——跨考教育英语教研室 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students'willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one,5each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seve n were told only that some were electrified7left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more sho cks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced th is effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photograph s of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago.Curiosity is often co nsidered a good instinct-it can12new scientific advances,for instance-but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a prof ound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment,partici pants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant pic

2018高考语文大纲解读

2018高考语文大纲解读(2017-12-16)总纲 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(以下简称“高考”)是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生成绩,按已确定的招生计划,德、智、体全面衡量,择优录取。因此,高考应具有较高的信度、效度,必要的区分度和适当的难度。 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲(以下简称《考试大纲》)是高考命题的规范性文件和标准,是考试评价、复习备考的依据。《考试大纲》明确了高考的性质和功能,规定了考试内容与形式,对指导高考内容改革、规范高考命题都有重要意义。《考试大纲》根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质和能力的要求,参照《普通高中课程标准》,并考虑中学教学实际而制定。 《国务院关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》明确提出深化高考考试内容改革,依据高校人才选拔要求和国家课程标准,科学设计命题内容,增强基础性、综合性,着重考查学生独立思考和运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题的能力。高考考试内容改革注重顶层设计、统筹谋划,突出考试内容的整体设计,科学构建了高考评价体系。高考评价体系通过确立“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学”这一高考核心功能,回答了“为什么考”的问题;通过明确“必备知识、关键能力、学科素养、核心价值”四层考查内容以及“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”四个方面的考查要求,回答了高考“考什么”和“怎么考”的问题。《考试大纲》是高考评价体系的具体实现,也体现了高考考试内容改革的成果和方向。 《考试大纲》是教育部考试中心和各分省命题省市在命题中都应当严格遵循的,是制定《考试说明》的原则依据。各分省命题省市在《考试大纲》的基础上,可以结合本省市高考方案和教学实际制订《考试说明》。 Ⅰ.考核目标与要求 根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求,依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案(实验)》和《普通高中语文课程标准(实验)》,确定高考语文科考核目标与要求。 高考语文科要求考查考生识记、理解、分析综合、鉴赏评价、表达应用和探究六种能力,表现为六个层级,具体要求如下。 A.识记:指识别和记忆,是最基本的能力层级。要求能识别和记忆语文基础知识、文化常识和名句名篇等。 B.理解:指领会并能作简单的解释,是在识记基础上高一级的能力层级。要求能够领会并解释词语、句子、段落等的意思。

2018年考研英语二真题

绝密★启用前 2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试 英语(二) (科目代码:204) ☆考生注意事项☆ 1.答题前,考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名;在答题卡 指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。 2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下,粘贴在答题卡的“试卷 条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的,责任由考生自负。 3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上,非选择题的答案必须 书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。 4.填(书)写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写,字迹工整、笔迹清楚;涂 写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。 5.考试结束,将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。 (以下信息考生必须认真填写) 考生编号 考生姓名

SectionⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3. In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Half of the pens would6an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8.Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct–it can12new scientific advances, for instance–but sometimes such13can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.“Thinking about long-term 20is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says.In other words,don’t read online comments.

2018年考研英语二真题及答案及解析

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二) Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply bec ome lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a gre at time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National Un iversity of Ireland in Galway. These days, bec ause leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.

相关文档
最新文档