高考整理 2010-2017八年英语真题分类专项-语法基础知识-集合
第五部分语法基础知识
考点19 -----------------------------------------------------------词汇辨析考点20 --------------------------------------------------------非谓语动词考点21 -------------------------------动词的时态、语态及情态动词考点22 -----------------------------------------------------------------从句
考点19 词汇辨析
1．（2017北京）—Peter?please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited．—No problem．
A．but B．or C．for D．so
2．（2017北京）If the new safety system _______ to use?the accident would never have happened．
A．had been put B．were put C．should be put D．would be put 3．（2017北京）Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry．A．at B．in C．on D．by
4．（2017江苏）_______not for the support of the teachers?the student could not overcome her difficulty．
A．It were B．Were it C．It was D．Was it 5．（2017江苏）0nly five years after Steve Jobs’ death?smart-phones defeated _________PCs in sales．
A．controversial B．contradictory
C．confidential D．conventional
6．（2017江苏）Determining where we are _________our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival．
A．in contrast to B．in defense of
C．in face of D．in relation to
7．（2017江苏）—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—I t’s nothing．Just something _________．
A．as clear as day
B．off the top of my head
C．under my nose
D．beyond my wildest dreams
8．（2017江苏）The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents．B ut _________explanations are hard to find．
A．alternative B．aggressive C．ambiguous D．apparent
9．（2017江苏）—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday?
—_________!Will you go with me?
A．You there B．You bet C．You got me D．You know better
10．（2017天津）—A lbert’s birthday is on next Saturday?and I’m planning a surprise party for him．
—__________．I’ll bring some wine．
A．Sounds like fun B．It depends
C．Just a minute D．You are welcome
11．（2017天津）—I want to see Mr. White．We have an appointment．—I’m sorry?but he is not ________ at the moment?for the meeting hasn’t ended．
A．busy B．active C．concerned D．available
12．（2017天津）Mr. and Mrs.B rown would like to see their daughter ____?get married?and have kids．
A．settled down B．keep off C．get up D．cut in
13．（2017天津）—Michael was late for Mr．Smith’s chemistry class this morning．—________? A s far as I know?he never came late to class．
A．So what B．Why not C．Who cares D．How come
14．（2017天津）It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors．
A．who B．where C．which D．that
15．（2017天津）When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California?you will be _____ trees that are over 1,000 years old．
A．among B．against C．behind D．below
16．（2017天津）We offer an excellent education to our students．____?we expect students
to work hard．
A．0n average B．A t best C．in return D．A fter all
17．（2017天津）—Do you have B etty’s phone number?
—Yes．0therwise?I ______able to reach her yesterday．
A．hadn’t been B．wouldn’t have been C．weren’t D．wouldn’t be 18．（2016天津）The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control
B. out of date
C. out of sight
D. out of reach 19．（2016天津）Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to
B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of
D. set foot on 20．（2016天津）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight ____ of rain later tonight.
A．effect B．sense C．change D．chance
21．（2016天津）I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
A. put
B. make
C. take
D. give
22．（2016天津）I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to ____ a conversation with her.
A. carry on
B. break into
C. turn down
D. cut off
23．（2016浙江）______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris．
A．The ; 不填B．A ; 不填C．A ; the D．The ; a
24．（2016浙江）In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK．
A．that B．this C．one D．it 25．（2016浙江）It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______．
A．condition B．income C．credit D．status 26．（2016浙江）That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help．______, he's reliable．
A．0r else B．In short C．B y the way D．For one thing 27．（2016浙江）The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us．
A．on B．in C．at D．about
28．（2016浙江）We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us．
A．divide B．reject C．control D．abandon 29．（2016浙江）When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt ______from the world．
A．carried away B．broken down C．cut off D．brought up 30．（2016浙江）A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed．
A．eventually B．strangely C．merely D．especially 31．（2016浙江）When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest．
A．limited B．reserved C．reflected D．spoiled 32．（2016浙江）In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples．
A．specific B．permanent C．abstract D．universal 33．（2016浙江）I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming years
A．little more B．no more C．much more D．many more
34．（2016江苏）—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely．
A． recipe B．record C．range D．receipt 35．（2016江苏）He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause．
A．approach B．wrestle C．compromise D．communicate
36．（2016江苏）Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the
comfortable climatefor business creation．
A．fallen off B．taken off C．turned off D．left off
37．（2016江苏）His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and on whatbasis, data are collected．
A．explicit B．ambiguous C．original D．arbitrary 38．（2016江苏）Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams．
A．gain admission to B．keep track of C．take advantage ofD．give rise to 39．（2016江苏）—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview．—Lack of self-confidence is his______, I am afraid．
A．A chilles’ heel B．child’s play C．green fingers D．last straw
40．(2015福建) The failure was a big ______ to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A．blow B．issue C．excuse D．factor
41．(2015陕西)more learned a man is, ______more modest be usually become.
A.The;the
B.A;a
C.The ;a
D.A;the
42．(2015江苏) Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A．judgments B．adjustments C．comments D．achievements 43．(2015浙江) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to writechildren’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.
A．a;不填B．the; the C．不填;the D．a; the 44．(2015安徽) There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.
A．thought B．support C．protection D．authority
45．(2015福建) It was of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
A．careless B．considerate C．patient D．generous 46．(2015湖北) Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.
A．accurate B．punctual C．efficient D．reasonable 47．(2015安徽) They gave money to the old people's home either _____ or through their companies.
A．legally B．sincerely C．personally D．deliberately
48．(2015浙江)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was alive.
A．steadily B．instantly C．formerly D．permanently 49．(2015湖北) The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
A．gradually B．usually C．previously D．merely 50．(2015福建)A common memory they all have _______ their school days is the school uniform.
A．of B．on C．to D．with
51．(2015陕西) The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.
A.on
B.by
C.in
D.at
52．(2015湖北) This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A．in advance B．in detail C．in total D．in general 53．(2015天津) The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A．that B．one C．it D．this
54．(2015江苏) Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison.
A．thanks to B．regardless of C．aside from D．but for 55．(2014浙江) The paper is due next month?and I am working seven days _____ week?oftenlong into ______ night．
A．a; the B．the; Z C．a?a D．/; the
56．(2014江西) They chose Tom to be ______captain of the team because they knew he was ________smart leader．
A．a?the B．the; the C．the; a D．a?a
57．(2014重庆)I can't tell you_______way to the Wilsons' because we don't have______ Wilson herein the village．
A．the; a B．a?/C．a; the D．the; /
58．(2014浙江)We most prefer to say yes tothe________ of someone we know and like．A．attempts B．requestsC．doubts D．promises
59．(2014湖北) Her__________ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education．
A．motivation B．qualification C．talent D．technique
60．(2014湖北) What was so______aboutJasmine Westland's victory was that she came first inthe marathon bare-footed．
A．awful B．essentialC．impressive D．obvious
61．(2014安徽) My good performance in the jobinterview left me______ about my future and aboutwhat I can do here．
A．puzzled B．sensitiveC．optimistic D．embarrassed
62．(2014福建) With online shopping increasinglypopular?the Internet is seen as a(n)______ way ofreaching target customers．
A．temporary B．complexC．accurate D．efficient
63．(2014江西) Thanks for your directions to thehouse; we wouldn't have found it_______．A．nowhere B．howeverC．otherwise D．instead
64．(2014江苏) The idea " happiness"?__________ ?will not sit still for easy definition．A．to be rigid B．to be sureC．to be perfect D．to be fair
65．(2014山东) Susan made ______ clear to methat she wished to make a new life for herself．A．that B．this C．it D．her
66．(2014四川) She'd lived in London andManchester?but she liked______ and moved toCambridge．
A．both B．neither C．none D．either
67．(2014安徽) You can ask anyone for help________here is willing to lend you a hand．
A．0ne B．No oneC．Everyone D．Someone
68．(2014陕西) The Scottish girl _______ blueeyes won the first prize in the Fif．th Chinese SpeechContest．
A．by B．of C．in D．with
69．(2014天津) __________ the school?the Villagehas a clinic?which was also built with governmentsupport．
A．In reply to B．In addition toC．In charge of D．In place of 70．(2013陕西) Marco Polo is said to have sailedon_________ Pacific 0cean on his way to Java in thirteenth century．
A．the; a B．a?/C．/; the D．the; the
71．（2013新课标I）India attainedindependence in 1947?after _______ long struggle．A．／;a B．the;aC．an?／D．an; the
72．（2013浙江）A s the world's populationcontinues to grow?the ______ of food becomes moreand more of a concern．
A．worth B．supplyC．package D．list
73．(2013天津) While she was in Paris?shedeveloped a _______ for fine art．
A．way B．relationC．taste D．habit
74．(2013安徽) It's said that the power plant isnow__________ large as what it was．A．twice as B．as twiceC．twice much D．much twice
75．(2013湖北) People complain that decisions toapprove or deny a permit are often_______ rather thanbased on fixed criteria．
A．appropriate B．consciousC．arbitrary D．controversial 76．(2013江西) What a terrible experience！_______?you're safe now —that's the main thing．
A．A nyway B．B esidesC．0therwise D．Therefore
77．(2013福建) A society cannot be successful if itthrows tradition away?but it cannot be successful______ if we do something to stop progress．
A．either B．neitherC．too D．also
78．(2013新课标国II)It's an eitheror situation —we can buy a new car this year or we can go onholiday but we don't do _________．
A．others B．eitherC．another D．both
79．(2013江西) __________ can be good at somethingfor 40 years if he doesn't love it．A．A nybody B．EverybodyC．Nobody D．Somebody
80．(2013新课全国I)It was a real racetime to get the project done．Luckily?we made it．A．over B．by C．for D．against
81．(2013江苏) I am always delighted when Ireceive an e-mail from you．_________ the party on July1st?I shall be pleased to attend．
A．0n account of B．In response toC．In view of D．With regard to 82．(2012新课标) Sarah looked at ________finished painting with______ satisfaction．
A．/?a B．a?the C．the; / D．the; a
83．(2012 安徽) Carl is studying _______food scienceat college and hopes to open up ____ meat processingfactory of his own one day．
A．/; a B．/; theC．the; a D．the; the
84．(2012天津)You are working too hard．You'dbetter keep a ______between work and relaxation．
A．promise B．lead C．balance D．diary
85．(2012山东) My first______ of him was thathe was a kind and thoughtful young man．A．expression B．attentionC．satisfaction D．impression
86．(2012全国Ⅱ) Next to biology?I like physics________．
A．better B．be C．the better D．very well
87．(2012安徽) Interest is as________ to learning as the abilityto understand?even more so．A．vital B．availableC．specific D．similar
88．(2012福建) A nyone?whether he is an officialor a bus driver?should be ______ respected．A．especially B．equallyC．naturally D．normally
89．(2012四川) The hotel is almost finished?butit_______ needs one or two weeks to get ready forguests．
A．only B．also C．even D．still
90．(2012辽宁) If you're buying today's paperfrom the stand?could you get ________ for me? A．one B．suchC．this D．that
91．(2012江西) My brother would like to buy agood watch but _______ was available from that shop．
A．nothing B．noneC．no one D．neither
92．(2012全国II) 100 is the temperature_________ which water will boil．
A．for B．at C．on D．of
93．(2012湖北) The furniture?with its modernstyle and bright colors?suits modern houses andtheir gardens?but looks ________ in the garden of atraditional home．
A．out of question B．out of orderC．out of sight D．out of place 94．(2011江西)—It's said John will be in a jobpaying over $ 60?000________year．
—Right?he will also get paid by _______ week．
A．the; the B．a; theC．the; a D．a; a
95．(2011江西) —The film is?I have to say?nota bit interesting．
—Why? It's _______ than the films I have ever seen．
A．far more interesting B．muchlessinteresting
C．no more interestingD．any less interesting
96．(2011安徽) Surprisingly?Susan's beautifulhair reached below her knees and made ________almost an overcoat for her．
A．them B．herC．itself D．herself
97．(2011湖北) When asked about their opinionsabout the schoolmaster?many teachers would preferto see him step aside ________ younger men．
A．in terms of B．in need ofC．in favor of D．in praise of
98．(2010四川) In______ most countries?auniversity degree can give you ________ flying start in life．
A．the; a B．the; /C．/; / D．/; a
99．(2010辽宁)We only had $100 and that was__________ to buya new computer．A．nowhere near enough
B．near enough nowhere
C．enough near nowhere
D．near nowhere enough
100．(2010 山东) Helping others is a habit?_______ you can learn even at an early age．A．it B．that C．what D．0ne
第五部分语法基础知识
最新高考英语语法知识讲解(完整版)
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第一讲座：名词---基础篇 一、名词的复数： 1. 名词变复数的规则形式： 1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups 2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es： city-------cities family-----families 3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es： bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches 4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es： tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes 5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es： leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的： man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3. 单数和复数形式相同： deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4. 某国人的复数： 1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1. 不可数名词： 1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式； 4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示； 2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词： a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格：
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高考英语语法总结 一．非谓语动词 一．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生 2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 1)感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） " 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 2) 使役动词have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后 要还原to I 'd like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn. 3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET 1995） A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met （Key：C） 五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式
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句法 一、句子成分和句子种类 1.句子成分 2.句子种类 2.主谓一致的几种情况 2.主语从句 3.宾语从句 4.表语从句 5.同位语从句 6.直接引语和间接引语 2.定语从句的分类 3.关系代词 4.关系副词 5.介词+关系代词 6.注意事项 7.定语从句和同位语从句的区别 8.定语从句和短语的转化 2.地点状语从句 3.条件状语从句 4.目的状语从句 5.原因状语从句 6.结果状语从句 7.让步状语从句 8.比较状语从句 9.方式状语从句 10.状语从句的省略 六、特殊句式 1.there be结构 倒装 强调 省略 5.插入语 七、情景交际 1.社会交往 2.态度 3.情感
高考英语语法填空练习题带答案
一 第二节语法填空(共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分) Once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road? ”said the d o i l d d n m o a t n t r,y b t u o t r h e e m o v e the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “Thenight 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. ”Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 第二节语法填空 31. who 32. But 33. a 34. hid 35. Another 36. it 37. saying 38. will be 39. strength 40. Under 二 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题 1.5分，满分15分） The Internet is an amazing information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as __31_ investigative tool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the 32_ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from _33 countries and cultures. However, __34____there are many positive developments __35__ (associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns. __36___ concern relates to a lack of control over__37__ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are 38 (restrict) on what kinds of programs can __39__ (broadcast) and at what times of the day. With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable __40____ their children to see. 第二节语法填空（共10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分） 31. an 32. latest 33.other/different 34. while 35.associated 36. One 37. what 38. restrictions 39. be broadcast(ed) 40.for 三 第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn ’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China ’Ssichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride ’nesighbors would look down upon 37 as a