初中英语中的后置定语
初中英语中的后置定语
在英汉两种语言中,定语的作用大致相同，但值得注意的是，汉语里的定语都是放在它所修饰词之前,而在英语里,定语的位臵既有在被修饰的词之前,也有在被修饰的词之后，本课主要就初中英语教学中常见的后臵定语作一探讨。
一、所有的短语作定语要后臵（介短、形短、不短、分短）
1.介词短语作后臵定语
the fall of the Roman Empire罗马帝国的灭亡
children under ten 10岁以下的孩子
a thirst for knowledge求知欲
his experience in teaching phonetics他教授语音学的经验
Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.（介词短语）
I see you’ve made some drawings of our defence works.
2. 不定式短语作后臵定语
He had no time to think about rest.
3.分词短语作后臵定语，在意思上相当于一个定语从句
China stretches across a vast area covering (=which covers ) the cold, temperate and tropical zones.
中国幅员辽阔，包括寒带、温带和热带。
We are brothers sharing (=who share) weal and woe.
我们是患难与共的兄弟。
They live in a room facing (=that faces) the sea.
他们住在一间朝南的房子里。
They are problems left(=which have been left) over by history.
这些是历史遗留下来的问题。
The problem (that was) discussed has been solved.
The amount of work (that was) done can be measured in this way.
The experience (that has been)gained will be of great value to
us.
There were very few people living here.(现在分词短语)
Mr.Smith, the boss of a small factory, once hired a young worker called John Hill.(过去分词短语)
4. 形容词短语作后臵定语，相当于一个定语从句
He cast it a second time and drew in an old basket full of sand.
He saw a magazine on the table next to him.
word suitable to the occasion适合这样场合的言辞
a village remote from the madding crowd远离喧嚣尘世的村庄
sentences difficult to understand难于理解的句子
a man ready to lend a hand at any time
一个随时乐于帮助他人的人
二、所有的定语从句一律自然后臵
Then there is only one thing I can do.
三、甚至许多单个单词也可作后臵定语：
1.形容词作后臵定语
①四one、四thing、四body、四where的修饰语（如something, somewhere, anyone, anybody），定语只能后臵。
Have you read anything interesting?
Anyone intelligent can do it. 任何有脑子的都能做这事。
There was somebody else in the room besides us.
Let’s go somewhere quiet.
He wanted to get someone reliable to help in this work.
他想找一个可靠的人帮忙做这工作。
This store carries everything necessary for painting.
这家商店卖绘画所需的任何商品。
There is something wrong with my TV. 我的电视出毛病了。
So it’s nothing serious, Doctor?
One day while they were working in the fields, some farmer saw something strange in the sky.
There is something important in today's newspaper. 今天报纸上有条重要新闻。
He wanted to get someone reliable to help in this work. 他想找个可靠的人帮忙做这项工作。
Can you find anywhere quiet? 你能找个清静的地方吗?
He has been sent to somewhere particular. 他已被派到某个特殊的地方去了。
②某些以-able或–ible结尾的形容词若与有限制性较强的定语.如only, all, any, every或形容词最高级连用，表示暂时的特征或现象时，常后臵。
We must save the patient by every means imaginable.
It’s the best performance possible.这是再好没有的表演了。This is the best solution possible.
That’s the only star visible now. 那是颗现在唯一可见的星。
There’s only a little money available for the trip.
这趟旅行只有少数的钱可供花用。
He was the only actor suitable. 他是唯一合适的演员。
It's the only solution possible. 这是唯一可能采取的解决办法。
Are the re any tickets available? 还有票吗?
That's the only star visible now. 那是颗现在唯一可见的星星。
③两个或两个以上的形容词词组作定语、修饰泛指意义的名词时常后臵，以加强语气。如：
I have never seen a film more interesting and instructive.
我还从未看过这样有趣又有教育意义的电影。
All villagers, young and old, went out to harvest the crops.
老少村民都去收割庄稼了。
We like the teachers both knowledgeable and humorous.
我们喜欢知识渊博又有幽默感的老师。
④有少数几个以a- 开头的表语形容词作定语，如alive, alone, ablaze 等和present, absent, concerned, involved等表示短暂性特征时，通常放在它们所修饰的名词之后。如：
They are the happiest children alive.
All the members present are from Africa.
all the students present所有在场的学生
The people involved were not here.
the only person awake唯一醒着的人 catch a lion alive活捉狮子There’s only a baby asleep in the room.
屋子里只有一个熟睡的婴儿。
He was the only person awake at the moment. 他是那时唯一醒着的人。
He is one of the few workers alive today who took part in the strike.他是参加过这次罢工当今还活着的少数工人之一。
⑤enough作定语修饰的名词前无冠词时，要后臵。例如：
I don’t have wine enough for five persons.
我的酒不够给5个人喝。
I was fool enough to accept his offer.
我接受他的建议可真够傻的。
I haven't time enough to do the work．我没有足够的时间做那件工作。He hasn't man enough to admit his mistake．他没有勇于认错的大丈夫气概。
⑥proper作“本身的、严格意义上的”讲时必须放在所修饰的名词之后。如：
After the introduction we started the meeting proper.
2.方位副词作后臵定语：here，there，in，out， above，below，home，abroad，before，yesterday
He is on his way home．他在回家途中。
Can you tell me something about the social system there？你能给我讲讲那里的社会制度吗？
It had been fine the day before．前一天的天气很好。
They could see the enemy entering the village in the valley below. This book here is most useful.
Could you tell me the situation there? 你能告诉我那儿的情况吗？
The pressures above were too great.
The clouds above moved fast.头上的云快速移动。
Please explain the sentence below.
in the court below在下级法院
He told us about the trip abroad.
I met an old friend of mine on my way home.
在回家的路上我遇到一个老朋友。
I’ll come over to see you on my next day off.
我下次休假时再来看你。
Is there anything on tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？
The buildings around are mostly of modern construction.
附近的建筑物多数上现代化建筑。
3.else用在疑问代词和不定代词/副词之后
Nothing else happened.没有其它的事情发生。
Who else went there?还有谁去了那儿？
What else did she ask?她还问了什么？
You must have left your letters somewhere else.
你一定把你的信放在其它某个地方了。
How else could we have done it?
不那样做，我们当时又能怎样呢？
There is little else you can do to improve yourself.
除此之外，能使你进步的方法几乎没有。
Did you see anybody else? 你还看到别人了吗?
Little else remains to be done. 没剩下什么事要做的了。
Who else wanted to go the re? 还有谁想去那儿?
4.分词作定语强调分词本身的动作而不是比较永久的特点时,要后臵。如: Most of the people singing are the students. 唱歌的人多数是学生。
Their high standard showed the progress made. 他们的高水平表明了他们取得的进步。
5.所修饰词前面有加强语气的the one时须后臵。例如：
This is the one thing needful．这是唯一需要的东西。
6.在某些固定搭配中的后臵定语
secretary general秘书长 court martial军事法庭
the sum total总数 the third person singular第三人称单数中学生学习英语的终极目标是能够使用这种语言----听说读写，但眼下目标还是会做题，能得分。后臵定语这一部分是英语语法中一个比较独特的现象，但是不太好命制试题，所以重点还不是这个地方。关于定语这一部分的重点还是放在诸如多个形容词的排序、形容词作状语、以-ly结尾的形容词、形容词的级别这些问题上。
2013.3.10
初中英语定语从句的用法解析
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
(完整版)初中英语中的后置定语
初中英语中的后置定语 在英汉两种语言中,定语的作用大致相同，但值得注意的是，汉语里的定语都是放在它所修饰词之前,而在英语里,定语的位置既有在被修饰的词之前,也有在被修饰的词之后，本课主要就初中英语教学中常见的后置定语作一探讨。 一、所有的短语作定语要后置（介短、形短、不短、分短） 1.介词短语作后置定语 the fall of the Roman Empire罗马帝国的灭亡 children under ten 10岁以下的孩子 a thirst for knowledge求知欲 his experience in teaching phonetics他教授语音学的经验 Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.（介词短语） I see you’ve made some drawings of our defence works. 2. 不定式短语作后置定语 He had no time to think about rest. 3.分词短语作后置定语，在意思上相当于一个定语从句 China stretches across a vast area covering (=which covers ) the cold, temperate and tropical zones. 中国幅员辽阔，包括寒带、温带和热带。 We are brothers sharing (=who share) weal and woe. 我们是患难与共的兄弟。 They live in a room facing (=that faces) the sea. 他们住在一间朝南的房子里。 They are problems left(=which have been left) over by history. 这些是历史遗留下来的问题。 The problem (that was) discussed has been solved. The amount of work (that was) done can be measured in this way.
英语中的后置定语
英语中的后置定语 定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。例：This is a very interesting book. 这是一本很有趣的书。 在此我们主要就后置定语谈谈其用法。 一般情况下，修饰名词或代词的词多放在被修饰词之前，但在以下几种情况下，修饰名词或代词的定语却放在它们之后，这种定语我们称之为后置定语。现归纳如下： 一、当形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-加body、one、thing 等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如： Let's give her something different to eat，then．那我们就给她一些别的东西吃吧。 I have something important to tell you．我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 Can you see anything unusual in the picture？你能在这幅画中看出不寻常的东西吗？ Nothing difficult！没有什么难的！ 注意：若something 前面有定冠词修饰，形容词不用后置。例如：There , on the table , was the mysterious something that they had been looking for . 看，在桌子上，正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。 二、介词短语作定语修饰名词或代词时，必须后置。常见的有表示所属的of短语，表示伴随状态的with短语，表示方位或穿戴的in短语等。例如： The girl in the red hat is my younger sister．戴红帽子的女孩是我妹妹。 China is a great country with a long history．中国是一个历史悠久的伟大的国家。 She is only a girl of ten years old．她只不过是个十岁的小女孩。The picture on the right is more beautiful．右边的画更漂亮。 三、部分副词作后置定语 副词here，there，home，below, above等作定语修饰名词时，须放在名词的后面。例如： People here like to drink tea．这里的人们喜欢喝茶。 On the way home，a big boy stopped him．在回家的途中，一个大
中考英语初中英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题
中考英语初中英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题 一、定语从句 1．According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：根据一项调查，能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which 哪一个，代物/人；B. whom谁，宾格，代人；C. whose谁的，代物主；D. who谁，主格，代人。本句是定语从句，people人/人们，在句中做主语，结合句意和语境，可知选D。 2．Norman Bethune was a great man _____ gave his life to help the Chinese people. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：诺尔曼白求恩是一位伟大的人，他毕生致力于帮助中国人民。空格前名词man意为“人”，是先行词，后面是用来修饰这个名词，是定语从句部分，先行词指人，在定语从句中做主语，可以使用关系代词who/that，不能使用which（指物）/whose（指所属关系），what不能用来引导定语从句，故选B。 3．—What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies _________me something to think about. A．which give B．that gives C．which gives D．who gives 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies，引导定语从句的关联词用that或which，排除C,D；定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies，动词不能用三单形式，故答案为A。 4．The We Chat is an invention can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely. A．which B．who C．whose D．/ 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：微信是可以帮助人们和朋友自由地聊天，分享照片，想法和感觉。这是一个定语从句，先行词是物invention，关系词可以用which或者that，但是先行词在从句做主语，that不可以省略。故选A。 考点：考查定语从句的用法。
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
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后置定语
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英语中的后置定语用法详细解答 ——by Fiona
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初中英语定语从句专项练习题(含答案详解)
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高中英语定语从句总结定语后置的总结
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英语中常见的几种定语后置的情况(附练习及答案)
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