新视野大学英语II Unit 5 Text A课文讲解

Unit 5 The money game

Text A Spend or save--The student’s dilemma

花钱还是存钱,学生进退维谷

1.Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, “Should I spend or should

I save?”

引语外面是一个复合句,包含一个比较状语从句,引语是一个选择疑问句。

你是不是跟我一样对“我应该花钱还是存钱”这个问题感到困惑,且有被操纵的感觉?

I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other.

在动词think后面跟了一个由that引导的宾语从句,从句中有一个省去了that/which的定语从句修饰主语the messages。

我觉得我们从生活的环境里所获得的信息似乎是有违常识、互相矛盾的。

The government tells us to spend or we’ll never get out of the recession.

这是一个并列句,两个并列分句由并列连词or连接。

政府告诉我们要花钱,否则我们将永远走不出衰退。

At the same time, they tell us that unless we save more, our country is in grave danger.

在tell us后面跟了一个由that引导的宾语从句,从句中又包含一个unless引导的条件状语从句。

与此同时,他们又告诉我们,除非我们节省更多的钱,否则我们的国家会处于严重危险之中。Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings.

这是一个并列句,两个并列分句由并列连词so连接。

银行提供较高的利率以增加储蓄。

Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spend more.

这是一个并列句,两个并列分句由并列连词so连接。

然后,同样是这些银行又提供信用卡让我们可以花更多的钱。

2.Here’s another familiar example: If we don’t pay our credit card bill on time,we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company saying something like: “Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you’ll be in trouble!”

第一个冒号后面是一个简单句;两个冒号之间是一个包含一个if引导的条件状语从句的复合句,“saying something like”是一个现在分词短语作定语修饰emails。第二个冒号后面引号

里面有两个句子,第一个句子是一个简单句,第二个句子是一个并列句,两个并列分句由连词or连接,其中第一个并列分句是一个祈使分句。

这里还有一个大家熟悉的例子:如果我们不按时支付信用卡账单,我们会收到从信用卡公司发来的类似这样的令人讨厌的催缴账单的电子邮件:不还款是不可接受的。请立即缴付,否则后果自负!

Then, as soon as we pay, we get a follow-up email in a charming tone telling us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging us to resume spending.

这是一个复合句,前面有一个as soon as引导的时间状语从句,后面主句中有两个并列的V-ing短语“telling...and encouraging...”作定语修饰email,第一个V-ing短语中telling us后面跟了一个how引导的宾语从句。

之后,一旦还款,我们就会收到一封跟进的电子邮件,语气和蔼可亲,说我们是多么宝贵的客户,并鼓励我们继续花钱。

Which depiction is correct: a failing consumer in trouble or a valued customer?

这是一个选择疑问句。

到底哪一个描述是正确的?有麻烦的失败消费者还是宝贵的客户?

The gap between these two messages is enormous.(简单句)

这两者之间可是天壤之别!

3.The paradox is that every day we get two sets of messages at odds with each other.

这是一个复合句,句中有一个that引导的表语从句,从句中“at odds with each other”这个介词短语作定语修饰two sets of messages。

自相矛盾的情况还有,我们每天都收到彼此相左的两种信息。

One is the “permissive” perspective, “Buy, spend, get it now. You need this!”

引号外面是一个简单句(主系表)。

一种从“纵容”的角度,让我们“买东西,花钱,现在就得到它。你需要这个!”

The other we could call an “upright” message, which urges us, “Work hard and save. Suspend your desires. Avoid luxuries. Control your appetite for more than you truly need.”

引号外面是一个复合句,主句的宾语前置,正常语序应该是:We could call the other an upright message,...。后面是一个非限制性定语从句。引号里面是四个祈使句,第四个祈使句当中有一个than引导的定语从句。

另外一种,我们可称之为“正直”的信息,它力劝我们:“努力工作,把钱存起来。控制你的欲望,不要买奢侈品,不要垂涎那些你并不真正需要的东西。”

This message comes to us from many sources: from school, from parents, even from political figures referring to “traditional values”. (简单句)

这类信息来源甚多,有学校方面的,有家长方面的,甚至还来自提及传统价值观的政治人物。Hard work, family loyalty, and the capacity to postpone desires are core American values that have made our country great.

这是一个复合句,主句里有三个并列的名词短语作主语,后面跟了一个that引导的定语从句修饰core American values。

艰苦创业、忠于家庭、能推迟欲望是美国价值观的核心,它使我们的国家变得强大。

4.But the opposite message, advertising’s permissive message, is inescapable. (简单句)

但相反的信息,即那些纵容人们不断花钱的广告,无所不在。

Though sometimes disguised, the messages are everywhere we look: on TV, in movies, on

printed media and road signs, in stores, and on busses, trains and subways.

句子中though引导了一个让步状语从句,从句中省去了主语和谓语中的动词be,可以还原为:though they are sometimes disguised,后面的主句中包含一个everywhere引导的表语从句。

虽然此类信息有时经过了乔装打扮,但仍随处可见,电视、电影、印刷媒介和路牌、商店,及公共汽车、火车和地铁上,比比皆是。

Advertisements invade our daily lives. (简单句)

广告侵入了我们的日常生活。

We are constantly surrounded by the message to spend, spend, spend. (简单句)

我们时时被包围在花钱,花钱,花钱的信息中。

Someone recently said, “The only time you can escape advertising is when you’re in your bed asleep!”

引号里面主语the only time后面跟了一个省去了when的定语从句,后面是一个when引导的表语从句。

最近有人说:“唯一可以逃脱广告的时候是当在床上睡着时!”

5.It’s been calculated that by the age of 18, the average American will have seen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one million.

这是一个复合句,前面的it是形式主语,后面是一个that引导的主语从句;从句中是由分号连接的一个并列句。

据计算,普通的美国人到18岁时,会看过60万则广告;到40岁时,看过的广告总数近百万。

Each advertisement is doing its utmost to influence our diverse buying decisions, from the breakfast cereal we eat to which cruise line we will use for our vacation.

逗号前面是主句,后面是短语from...to...,里面包含一个定语从句(that/which) we eat修饰breakfast cereal;后面which...for our vacation是一个宾语从句。

每个广告都在尽最大努力影响我们形形色色的购买决定——从我们吃的早餐麦片到我们的假期将使用哪条邮轮线路。

There is no shortage of ideas and things to buy! (简单句)

决不会缺少怎么花钱和买什么东西的广告!

Now, of course, we don’t remember exactly what the products were, but the essential message is cemented into our consciousness, “It’s good to satisfy your desires. You should have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should buy it –now!”

引号外面是一个并列句,两个分句由but连接,第一个分句中有一个what引导的宾语从句;引号里面有四个句子,其中第二个是一个复合句,包含一个what引导的宾语从句,其他三个都是简单句。

现在,我们当然不能确切地记得广告上的产品,但重要的信息已凝聚在我们的意识里:“要满足你的愿望。你应该拥有你想要的。你应该得到最好的。所以,你应该买下它——现在!”

A famous advertisement said it perfectly, “I love me. I’m a good friend to myself. I do what makes me feel good. I derive pleasure from nice things and feel nourished by them. I used to put things off. Not anymore. Today I’ll buy new ski equipment, look at new compact cars, and buy that camera I’ve always wanted. I live my dreams today, not tomorrow.”

引号外面是一个简单句,引号里面有八个句子,第三个是包含一个what引导的宾语从句的复合句;第四个句子是一个主语两个谓语的简单句,第六个是一个单成分句;第七个是一个

主语跟了三个谓语,第三个谓语后面的宾语跟着一个定语从句;其他都是简单句。

一个著名的广告诠释得很完美:“我爱自己。我是自己的好朋友。我做让我感觉舒服的事。我从精美的东西里得到乐趣,并感觉到它们给我的滋养。我过去常想着等一下再买,现在再也不会了。今天,我会购买全新的滑雪装备,看看新型的小巧灵便的轿车,买下那台我一直想要的相机。我今天就要实现我的梦想,不会等到明天。”

6.What happens as we take in these contradictory but explicit messages?

这个问句中有一个as引导的时间状语从句。

当我们接受这些相互矛盾但很明确的信息时,会有什么事情发生呢?

What are the psychological and social consequences of this campaign to control our spending habits? (简单句)

这种控制我们花钱习惯的宣传活动会造成什么心理和社会上的影响呢?

On one hand, we want more things because we want to satisfy our material appetite.

这是一个复合句,里面有一个because引导的原因状语从句。

一方面,我们希望买更多的东西,来满足我们的物质欲望。

Most of us derive pleasure from treating ourselves. (简单句)

我们中的大多数通过善待自己来得到乐趣。

On the other hand, a little voice inside us echoes those upright messages: “Watch out, take stock of your life, don’t let your attention get scattered. Postpone your desires. Don’t fall into debt. Wait! Retain control over your own life. It will make you stronger.”

引号外面是一个简单句,引号里面最后一个句子是一个“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的简单句,其他都是祈使句。

与此同时,我们身体里面有一个微弱的声音与那些正直的信息在共鸣:“当心,要掂量掂量自己的生活,不要让注意力分散。推迟欲望。不要陷入债务。要等待!保留对自己生活的控制权。这会让你更坚强。”

7.Anyway, many of the skills you need as a successful student can be applied to your finances.

这是一个复合句,在主句主语后面跟了一个省去了that或which的定语从句。

总之,一个成功的学生所需要的很多技能可以应用到你的财务中去。

Consider your financial well-being as a key ingredient of your university education as money worries are extremely stressful and distracting.

主句是一个祈使分句,后面跟了一个as引导的原因状语从句。

把良好的财务状况看成是大学教育中的一个关键因素,因为对金钱的担忧会让人倍感压力,并让人分心。

They can make you feel terrible and hinder your ability to focus on your prime objective: successfully completing your education.

冒号前面是一个主语跟了两个谓语的简单句。

它们会让你感觉很糟糕,并阻止你专注首要目标,即成功完成学业。

8.How can you be a smart and educated consumer? (简单句)

怎样才能成为一个聪明、有相关知识的消费者呢?

Many schools, community organizations, and even some banks offer financial literacy classes. (简单句)

许多学校、社区组织,甚至一些银行都提供金融扫盲班。

Consider consulting with your school’s financial aid office or seek input from your parents or other respected adults in setting up a budget.

这是一个并列句,两个祈使分句由并列连词or连接。

可以考虑向学校的财务援助办公室咨询,或向父母或其他值得尊敬的成年人请教如何建立一个预算方案。

An additional option is finding a partner to help you stay on track and find pleasure in the administration of your own financial affairs.

这是一个简单句,a partner后面跟了一个不定式短语作定语,不定式短语当中to help后面是两个省去了to的不定式短语作宾补。

另外一个选择是找一个合作伙伴来帮你保持良好的财务状况,并在管理自己的金融事务中找到乐趣。

Most importantly, if you find yourself getting into financial trouble, don’t let your ego get in your way; urgently get help with tackling your problem before it spins out of control and lands you in legal troubles.

主句是一个并列句,由分号连接两个并列的祈使分句,前面有一个if引导的条件状语从句,后面是一个before引导的时间状语从句。

最重要的是,如果你发现自己正陷入财务困境,不要让你的自大妨碍你,在情况变得失控并惹上法律麻烦前,赶紧寻求帮助来解决问题。

9.All this will help you become an educated consumer and saver. (简单句)

这一切都将帮助你成为一个拥有相关知识的消费者和储蓄者。

As you learn to balance spending and saving, you will become the captain of your own ship, steering your life in a successful and productive direction through the choppy waters.

前面是一个as引导的时间状语从句,主句后面跟了一个V-ing短语作状语。

学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄,你就会成为你自己的船长,驾驶着你的生活之船,乘风破浪,驶向成功和富有。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册Unit5 Cliff Young, an unlikely hero翻译

U5 A Cliff Young, an unlikely hero 克里夫?杨,令人意想不到的英雄 Considered one of the toughest marathon events in the world, the 875-kilometer annual Australian race, a route from Sydney to Melbourne, is a harsh test of endurance for the world’s top athletes, regardless of their age. The young, super-fit runners train for months before a competition and are under contract to prominent sponsors like Nike and Adidas, who finance them and furnish them with a substantial support mechanism of money and equipment. The contest takes up to seven days to complete and is a challenging test of fitness and strength even for world-class athletes who compete for distinction and a cash prize. 澳大利亚一年一度的悉尼至墨尔本的马拉松比赛全长875 公里,被认为是世界上最艰难的马拉松赛事之一,对任何年龄段的世界顶尖运动员来说都是一项严酷的耐力考验。体能超好的年轻选手在赛前要进行数月的训练,而且还和像耐克和阿迪达斯这样著名的赞助商签约,这些赞助商通过强大的资金和装备支持机制为选手提供资助和装备。这项比赛历时七天,即使对那些为荣誉和奖金而赛的世界一流运动员来说,这项比赛也是对体能和力量的严峻考验。On the day of the race in 1983, Cliff Young, a toothless 61-year-old farmer and amateur runner, wearing rubber boots, and much older than the other runners, was in attendance. No one paid any attention to this odd-looking man who might as well have been invisible. The assembled crowd assumed Cliff was there to observe the race. When he asserted his intention to compete, the world-class athletes around him reacted with apparent disbelief and then with disrespect. Obviously, this was some sort of publicity trick. 1983 年比赛那一天,克里夫?杨,一个牙齿已全部脱落的61 岁的农民业余选手也来参加比赛。他脚穿橡胶靴,年龄也比其他选手大得多。没有人注意到这个外表古怪的老头,他就跟个隐身人差不多。聚集的人群以为克里夫只是来观看比赛的。当克里夫明确表示自己是来参赛的时候,他周围的世界级选手先是表示出明显的怀疑,继而予以鄙视。显然,人们认为这只是媒体的炒作而已。 But the press was curious, so as he took his number and moved into the crush of runners in their special, expensive racing gear, the camera focused on him and the assembled reporters shouted question after question at Cliff. They asked: "Who are you?""What are you doing?" 但是媒体记者颇为好奇,所以当克里夫领好自己的参赛号码,走进配备昂贵的特殊装备的参赛选手队伍时,镜头对准了他,聚集的记者们向他抛来一个又一个问题。他们问:“你是谁?”“你来做什么?” "I'm Cliff Young. I'm from a large farm where we raise sheep outside of Melbourne." “我是克里夫?杨。我来自墨尔本郊外的一个大农场,我们在那里养羊。” They went on, "What makes you think you can run this race? It takes a week to run this race on no more than six hours of sleep a night!" 他们接着问道:“你为什么认为自己有能力参加这项比赛?跑完全程要花一周的时间,而且每晚的睡眠不足六个小时。”

新视野大学英语II Unit 5 Text A课文讲解

Unit 5 The money game Text A Spend or save--The student’s dilemma 花钱还是存钱,学生进退维谷 1.Do you feel as confused and manipulated as I do with this question, “Should I spend or should I save?” 引语外面是一个复合句,包含一个比较状语从句,引语是一个选择疑问句。 你是不是跟我一样对“我应该花钱还是存钱”这个问题感到困惑,且有被操纵的感觉? I think that the messages we get from our environment seem to defy common sense and contradict each other. 在动词think后面跟了一个由that引导的宾语从句,从句中有一个省去了that/which的定语从句修饰主语the messages。 我觉得我们从生活的环境里所获得的信息似乎是有违常识、互相矛盾的。 The government tells us to spend or we’ll never get out of the recession. 这是一个并列句,两个并列分句由并列连词or连接。 政府告诉我们要花钱,否则我们将永远走不出衰退。 At the same time, they tell us that unless we save more, our country is in grave danger. 在tell us后面跟了一个由that引导的宾语从句,从句中又包含一个unless引导的条件状语从句。 与此同时,他们又告诉我们,除非我们节省更多的钱,否则我们的国家会处于严重危险之中。Banks offer higher interest rates so we increase savings. 这是一个并列句,两个并列分句由并列连词so连接。 银行提供较高的利率以增加储蓄。 Then the same banks send us credit card offers so we can spend more. 这是一个并列句,两个并列分句由并列连词so连接。 然后,同样是这些银行又提供信用卡让我们可以花更多的钱。 2.Here’s another familiar example: If we don’t pay our credit card bill on time,we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card company saying something like: “Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you’ll be in trouble!” 第一个冒号后面是一个简单句;两个冒号之间是一个包含一个if引导的条件状语从句的复合句,“saying something like”是一个现在分词短语作定语修饰emails。第二个冒号后面引号

新视野大学英语第二册课文翻译

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