定语从句用法及重点解析
定语从句用法及重点解析
一.定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；
关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
选择关系词是要注意以下三个问题:
1. 限定性定语从句还是非限定性定语从句
2. 先行词是人，还是事物，还是既有人也有物
3．关系词定语从句中所充当的句子成分
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词（常是which/whom）引导
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(3) We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (F)
(2) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)
The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.
(F)
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where
I was born.
五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句举例：
(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
(2) China is a country which has a long history.
非限制性定语从句举例：
(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）
(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）难点分析
（一）限制性定语从句只能用that不能用which 的几种情况
1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时
(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?
(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
(3) All that can be done has been done.
(4) There is little that I can do for you.
2. 当先行词被序数词修饰
(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
(1) This is the best film that I have seen.
4. 当形容词被the very, the only, the best修饰时
(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,
(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
(1) Who is the man that is standing there?
(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
6. 当先行词既有人，也有物时
(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句
as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：
1．as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
(1) He married her, as/which was natural.
(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.
2. as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don't believe.
注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which
(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时，常用as
(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.
(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.
(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.
注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as 所引导的定语从句意思不同
(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding.
她穿着她在Mary婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.
她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。
(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.
（四）当先行词是时间，地点，原因时，一定特别注意关系词在定语从句中的句子成分。如果是作主语或是宾语，要用关系代词，若是作状语，才用关系副词。
1) This is the small village where I grew up.
This is the small village that/which// I will never forget.
2) Do you remember the holiday that/which// we spent together? Do you remember the holiday when we played together?
3) He told me the reason why he was late.
Is this the reason that/which// he gave for his being late?
六 区分定语从句和同位语从句
1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系
(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句
(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位于从句2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分
(1) The news he told me is true.
(2) The news that he has just died is true.
(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语
(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.
3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以
(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.
(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.
(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all. 同位语
(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.
1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. in which
2. Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
3. This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
5. That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
6. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. there
8. This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year
B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year
D. that you
talked
9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked
B. which you talked
C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
10. The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which
B. in which
C. on which
D. by which
11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom
B. who
C. which
D. that
12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom
B. on whom
C. with which
D. with whom
13. Is there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who
B. who's
C. which
D. whose
14. I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that
B. all what
C. that
D. which
15. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which
B. who
C. what
D. as
16. He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. as
17. He is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that
B. as
C. whom
D. what
18. Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with
B. with whom I went
C. with who I went
D.I went with him
19. I don't like ______ as you read.
A. the novels
B. the such novels
C. such novels
D. same novels
20. He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. what
21. The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. who
22. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of
____are women.
A. them
B. which
C. whom
D. who
23. You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who;/
B./; whom
C. whom;/
D./; who
24. I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.
A. whose title
B. its title
C. the title of it
D. the title of that
25. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which
B. for that
C. in which
D. what
26. I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. it
27. I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we
spent together.
A. when; which
B. which; when
C. what; that
D. on which; when
28. The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which
B. whose
C. what
D./
29. This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which
B. with which
C. that
D. for which
30. This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked
B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after
D. I have looked after
31. The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that
B.that;why
C. for that;that
D.for which;what
32. He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A.that
B.which
C.for which
D.who
33. That is not the way ______I do it.
A./
B.which
C.for which
D.with which
34. I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which
B. either of which
C. both of that
D. both of which
35. I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.
A. as was
B. which was
C. as were
D. which
36. My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble,
_______ was very kind
of them.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. it
37. This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.
A. that
B. which
C. from that
D. from which
38. He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. as
39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.
A. /
B. why
C. when
D. whose
40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. though
41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
A. what; that
B. what; what
C. which; which
D. that; that
42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with
the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who
B. that; which
C. which; that
D. when; which
43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
A. owns; are
B. owns; is
C. own; is
D. own; are
44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.
A. followed
B. following
C. to follow
D. that followed
45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. it
46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going
on inside house.
A. which; what
B. through which; what
C. through that; what
D. what; that
47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?
A. this school
B. this the school
C. this school one
D. this school where
48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. who
49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them
B. neither of them
C. neither of which
D. none of which
50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being
B. has been
C. had been
D. have been
参考答案及解析
1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
2．C. "和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。
3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5．A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
6．C. 解析同第5题。
7. A. 解析见第3题。
8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。
9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。
10. A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with 有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语.
12. D. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.
13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.
14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.
15. D. the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.
16. D. such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.
17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.
18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.
19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.
20. B. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.
21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.
22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.
23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.
24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which
25. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以……..而闻名".
26. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语.
27. A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that 来引导定语从句.
28. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that 来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。
29. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.
30. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.
31. A. The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。
32. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
33. A. 解释见28题.
34. D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.
35. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.
36. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
37. D.
38. D. 解析见35题.
39. A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.
40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.
41. A. what happened是宾语从句. all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.
42. D. years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句. 43. C. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。
44. D. that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。
45. A. 先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。
46. B. through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。
47. B. 为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week. 不难看出，作表语的the school 是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。
48. A. 解释见35题。
49. C. 因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。
50. B. 本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
英语中定语从句的基本用法(一)
英语中定语从句的基本用法(一) 摘要]本文通过实例浅析了英语中定语从句的基本 用法,如有不当之处,望大家批评指正。 关键词]定语从句用法宾语主语 英语,作为一门学科,每天有很多人在其中徜徉,可是也有 很多人虽为它倾注了很多精力却依然觉得举首无措?的确,在 英语中有很多的学问,需要我们去了解和掌握,下面就其中的某 个方面——定语从句,通过实例,分析一下它的基本用法,和大 家一起学习。 在句子中用作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句通常位 于它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语 从句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语和定语等等;关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。 I.由关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that引导的定 语从句。 i.who代替人,在从句中作主语。 e.g.Amanwhodoesn’ttrytolearnfromotherscannot hopetoachievemuch. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 ii.whom代替人,在从句中作宾语,通常可以省略。 e.g.Theengineerwhomwemetyesterdayhaveworked outanewautomaticdevice. 我们昨天碰到的工程师研制出了一种新型的自动化装置。 iii.whose代替人或物,在从句中作定语。 e.g.MadamCurieisagreatscientistwhosenameis knownallovertheworld. 居里夫人是一位世界闻名的伟大科学家。Theyliveinthehousewhosedoorandwindowsareall broken. 他们住在一间门窗都已破败不堪的房子里。 iv.which代替物,在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语。作宾 语时,通常可以省略。 e.g.Adirectcurrentisacurrentwhichflowsinone directiononly. 直流电是沿着一个方向流动的电流。Themusictowhichwelistenedlastnightwaswrittenby myfather. 我们昨晚欣赏的音乐是由我父亲写的。 v.that代替人或物。在从句中作主语或宾语,但不能作介 词宾语。作宾语是通常可以省略。 e.g.HeistheonlyoneamongusthatknowsEnglish. 他是我们中间唯一懂英语的人。ThecarthatalmostcrashedintomebelongedtoBrown.
定语从句用法详解
初中英语分类练习 ——定语从句 【复习目标】 ▲掌握定语从句的意义及作用。 ▲区别各类引导词。 【课前准备】 ●要求学生用定语从句造五个句子。 【知识要点】 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. 实用文档
This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. 实用文档
(完整word版)英语定语从句用法详解
英语定语从句用法详解 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
英语中六大从句用法总结
英语中六大从句用法总结 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that 常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
定语从句及其引导词用法
一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1．作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3．作定语用whose, 如： (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) 4．作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. （二）关系副词的用法： 1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill. 2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room,
英语定语从句用法总结
英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只
定语从句的基本用法
定语从句的基本用法 先请认真阅读下列各句，下列各句中的黑体部分均为该句所包含的定语从句： 1.This is the teacher who played basketball with us yesterday. 2.Tom is the boy whom they are looking for. 3.The house , which they built last year looks very new. 4.Physics is the most interesting subject that we learnt in the middle school. 从以上各句中我们可以看出定语从句是用来修饰它前面的名词或代词的，它起着修饰或限定作用。当然定语从句也可以用来修饰一个句子，在此我们不作讨论。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句所修饰的词是一个、一些或一类特定的人或事物，一般不能省略，拿掉后剩下的部分则没有意义，或者表述不清。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，拿掉以后剩下的部分仍然可以成立，常常用逗号将其隔开。例如： This is the place where the Chinese Communist Party was founded. 此句中的定语从句是限制性定语从句。如果拿掉则This is the place.一句没有意义。 This message was left by Xiao Wang, who telephoned you just now. 此句中的定语从句是非限制性定语从句。如果拿掉则This message was left by Xiao Wang,一句仍有意义。 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词称为关系代词或关系副词。常见的关系代词和关系副词有who, whom,that,whose,which,where,when,why等。现在我们侧重讨论如何使用这些关系代词和关系副词。如果关系代词在从句中作主语时一般不能省略，而作宾语时一般可以省略。 一，关系代词who, whom的用法。 1.who可以代替人（即它的先行词必须表示人），在从句中可以担任主语。也可以在 从句中担任宾语，但是它的前面不能带介词，如果带介词则必须使用宾格whom。 whom在从句中只能担任宾语。例如： a)This is the teacher who often tells us interesting stories in class. b)Mary is the girl who/whom Tom wants to marry. c)Mrs White is a teacher whom every student likes. d)She is the girl with whom I will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.在定语从句中当先行词表示人时who和that是通用的。例如： a)Miss Green is the new teacher who/that teaches us spoken English. b)John’s father is an engineer who/that came to see him last Wednesday. 但在下列情况下则宜用who 而不用that。
定语从句用法讲解
高中定语从句详解与练习 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中， who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想 去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车 上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我 们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
定语从句的基本用法1
A good student A developing country A developed country A 5-star friend A man named Chuck A language widely used 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的主谓结构(完整的基本句子结构-----五种句型)。 ↓↓ （主句之中）先行词关系词+其它成分 ↓ 在定语从句中必须担当一个成分。 ↓ 定语从句中缺啥就补啥 定语从句(The Attributive Clause) ( (二)关系代词的作用 1. 关系代词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词的代词。 先行词是物：which that 先行词是人：who that ※由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句。这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。 e.g. This is the man who helped me. The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room. Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu? ※在定语从句中，若先行词指人，其关系代词可用who, whom, 也可用that。 e.g. The girl who/that is speaking at the meeting is our monitor. The boy (who/whom/that) you saw just now is my brother. 3. 关系代词的具体用法及作用 1).who指人，在从句中做主语。 如：The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2). whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 如：Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 如：The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3). which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略
高中英语定语从句详解
高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack 三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是：被修饰的名词； that是：关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a l ot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是：被修饰的名词； who是：关系词; who drink a l ot是：定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：
被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示： 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说，关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。例如： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations （先行词）where (关系词)peopl e normally woul d not be afraid . 他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。 （本句中的关系词where = 先行词（in）situations 。如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations peopl e normally woul d not be afraid in situations 由此可以看出，"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系）。又例如： Rude peopl e are those （先行词）whose (关系词)behavior shows little respect for the rules（先行词）that(关系词) the majority follows . 不讲礼貌的人是指那些，他们的行为对大多数人所遵从的规