初三英语定语从句用法详解
初三英语定语从句用法详解
1、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
(尤其是限制性定语从句)（定语在汉语中常用……的表示。它主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以有一个句子来担任。单词做定语是通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句做定语是则放在所修饰的词之后，做后置定语。）
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1、限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去
2、非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1、that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。M ary likes music that is quiet and gentle、玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that 作主语)
The coat (that)
I put on the desk is blue、我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2、which用于指物 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket、位于火车站附近的那座大楼
是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which)
we saw last night was wonderful、我们昨天晚上看的那
部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3、who, whom用于指人 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England、经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女
孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom)
Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意：whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
4 whose用于指人，也可以用于指物（相当于of which 注明:whose=the+物/人+of which/whom ）Do you like the book whose color is yellow?Do you like the book the color of
which is yellow? I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in 、 I once lived in the house ,the roof of which has fallen in 、
5、关系词的区别（1）关系词只能用that的情况: a、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时 He was the first person that passed the exam、他是第一个通过考试的人。b 、当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some，the one等不定代词时， Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗? c、先行词被由the only ,the very, the same, the
last ,every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much，each 等修饰时、 This is the same bike that I lost、这就是我丢的那辆自行车。d 、先行词里同时含有人或物时 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room、我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e 、以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复 Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁? f、主句是there be 结构 There is an old man who wants to see you 、There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom、桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（2）关系词不用that 的情况: a、先行词为that, those时What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? b、关系代词前有介词时 This is the room in which he lives、这是他居住的房间。c 、引导非限制性定语从句 Tom came back, which made us happy、汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法 (1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。
（in/on/at/during +which） This was the time when he arrived、这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。(in/at+which)This is place where he works、这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。
（for/which）Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school、没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
六、图形总结如下从句缺主语who,that 先行词是人从句缺宾语whom,which,that,省略关系代词从句缺定语whose 从句缺主语which，that先行词是物从句缺宾语which,that,省略关系代词从句缺定语whose 指时间 when 指地点where 关系副词指原因why 练习一I、单项选择。
1、-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?--Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
-Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher、
A、 he
B、 that
C、 whom
D、 which
2、I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble、
A、 who
B、 which
C、 they
D、 where
3、 The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada、
A、 which
B、 when
C、 who
D、 whom
4、 George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing、
B、 whom
C、 he
D、 which
5、 This is the place _____I have ever visited、
A、 there
B、 when
C、 where
D、 which
6、 Nobody knows the rea son ______ she didn’t come to the meeting、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 why
D、 when
7、 The moon is a world ______ there is no life、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 where
D、 why
8、 He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived、
A、 when
C、 that
D、 which
9、 He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family、
A、 when
B、 where
C、 that
D、 on which
10、 Mr、 White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman、
A、 who
B、 that
C、 whose
D、 which
1
1、He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 when
D、 where
12、 This is the house _______ I want to buy、
A、 in which
B、 that
C、 whose
D、 where
13、 This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked、
A、 which
B、 that
C、 when
D、 where
14、He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 when
D、 where
15、 He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 where
16、 I work in a business ________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance、
A、 how
B、 which
C、 where
D、 that
17、 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _______, of course, made the others envy him、
A、 who
B、 that
C、 what
D、 which
18、 American women usually identify their best
friend as someone ________ they can talk frequently、
A、 who
B、 as
C、 about which
D、 with whom
19、 The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village、
B、 that
C、 when
D、 where
20、 The famous scientist grew up________ he was born and in1930 he came to Shanghai、
A、 when
B、 whenever
C、 where
D、 wherever
2
1、A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and
qualified noblemen at court、
A、 when
B、 where
C、 what
D、 that
22、 The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in、
A、 they
B、 it
D、 which
23、 Is this factory ______ you worked at?
A、 the one
B、 which
C、 that
D、 where
24、 Is this the factory _______ you worked?
A、 where
B、 which
C、 that
D、 the one
25、-Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
---Yes, he does、
A、 which
B、 whose
C、 where
D、 who
26、 The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important、
A、 who
C、 what
D、 that
27、-Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
---He has gone back to Qinghua University、
A、 whom
B、 who
C、 whose
D、 which
28、 I hate people _______ talk much but do little、
A、 whose
B、 whom
C、 which
D、 who
29、 Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?
A、 who
B、 that
C、 whom
D、 whose
30、 Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?
A、 which
B、 when
C、 who
D、 where
二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子
1、The boys________ are playing football are from Class One、
2、 Those ______ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at7 tomorrow、
3、 Mr Liu is the person ________ you talked about on the bus、
4、 The professor ________ you are waiting for has come、
5、 Football is a game _______is liked by most boys、
6、 He likes to read books ________ are written by foreign writers、
7、 This is the pen _______ he bought yesterday、
8、We’ll go to hear the famous singer _______ we have often talked、
9、 Where is the man _________ I saw this morning?
10、 The season_________ comes after spring is summer、
1
1、I visited a scientist ________ name is known all over the country、
12、 He has a friend ______ father is a doctor、
13、 I once lived in the house _____ roof has fallen in、
14、 I still remember the day _____ I first came to this school、
15、 The time _______ we got together finally arrived、
16、 Shanghai is the city ______ I was born、
17、 The house ______ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down、
18、 Please tell me the reason ______ you missed the plane、
19、 The reason ____ he was punished is unknown to us、
20、 All the people ______are present burst into tears、
2
1、There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of _______ are well educated、
22、 He succeeded in the competition, _____ made his parents very happy、
23、 The school ______ he once studied is very famous、
24、Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine _______ you asked、
25、 This is the boy ________I played tennis with yesterday、练习四
1、The house ____ we live is not big、
A、 in that
B、 which
C、 in which
D、 that
2、 He talked about the lectures and schools ____ he had visited、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 who
D、 whom
3、 The scientist the teacher is talking ____ is leaving for Beijing、
A、 to him
B、 whom
C、 to
D、 to that
4、 I who ____ your teacher, will teach Marxism as a truth to you、
A、 is
B、 are
C、 were
D、 am
5、 ____ they could do was to work hard、
A、 All
B、 All what
C、 All which
D、 That
6、Do you know the reason ____ he didn’t come?
A、 that
B、 which
C、 for
D、 why
7、 The room ____ windows face south is his、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 whose
D、who’s
8、 The park, ____ we visited yesterday, is very nice、
A、 where
B、 which
C、 that
D、 when
9、 The park, ____ we met with him, is very nice、
A、 where
B、 which
C、 that
D、 when
10、 The first time ____ I saw her was in19
89、
A、 when
B、 which
C、 that
D、 as1
1、Pay attention to all ____ I do、
A、 which
B、 in which
C、 what
D、 that
12、I’ve read all the books ____ you gave me、
A、 which
B、 them
C、 what
D、 that
13、 Is there anything ____ I can do for you?
A、 what
B、 which
C、 that
D、 it
14、The woman ____ child had fallen ill was a doctor、
A、 who
B、 her
C、 whose
D、 /
15、The pen ____ I’m using ____ is hers、
A、 which; it
B、 that; it
C、 it; /
D、 /
16、 I have the same trouble ____ you have、
A、 that
B、 which
C、 as
D、what17 It’s the very book ____ I want to find、
A、 which
B、 that
C、 it
D、 so
18、 He is the only one of the boys who ____ English for four years、
A、 has learnt
初中英语定语从句的用法解析
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
(完整word版)英语定语从句用法详解
英语定语从句用法详解 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
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高中英语定语从句用法全面系统讲解
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(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
(英语)初中英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)及解析
（英语）初中英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、定语从句 1．I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night A．who B．that C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：我讨厌住在隔壁的狗，他们整晚发出噪音。who "谁"指人，在定语从句中作主语；that "那个"指人或指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what "什么"不能引导定语从句，引导名词性从句；whom "谁"指人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs，后面的定语从句缺少主语，故用代词that。故选B。 2．I like listening to music______ can touch the heart of people. A．that B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我喜欢听能触动人心的音乐。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句，可排除。that可指人指物；who指人；where指地点。本句先行词music是物，引导词做从句的主语，需用that引导；根据句意语境，可知选A。 3．Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗？”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语； D.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为books指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。 4．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句，先行词是为物时用which；what不能引导定语从句；先行词指人时用who；当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary，字典是物，所以用关系词which。故选A。
初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题
初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题 在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。 引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。 关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。 一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。 This is the man who helped me. The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother. 二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。 The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room. The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li. =The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后whom不能省略) The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…) 三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。 Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 四、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which) The letter (that//which) I received was from my father. I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning. Do you still remember the days (that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me. The house (that//which) we live in is not large. =The house in which we live is not large. The doctor (that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room. 五、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。
高中英语定语从句详解
高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack 三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是：被修饰的名词； that是：关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a l ot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是：被修饰的名词； who是：关系词; who drink a l ot是：定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：
被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示： 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说，关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。例如： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations （先行词）where (关系词)peopl e normally woul d not be afraid . 他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。 （本句中的关系词where = 先行词（in）situations 。如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations peopl e normally woul d not be afraid in situations 由此可以看出，"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系）。又例如： Rude peopl e are those （先行词）whose (关系词)behavior shows little respect for the rules（先行词）that(关系词) the majority follows . 不讲礼貌的人是指那些，他们的行为对大多数人所遵从的规