2021年中考英语定语从句-关系代词整理

定语从句

一、定语用来修饰名词。单个形容词修饰名词放在名词前面。如果由一个句子来充当定语,该句子称为定语从句,放在修饰词的后面。

例如:beautiful flower. nice day.

He is a man who always means what he says.

二、两个概念

先行词:被定语从句所修饰的对象。

引导词(关系词):指代先行词,起连接主句和从句的作用,并在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词。

三、关系词使用三原则

1)关系代词之前要有先行词(表示人或物的名词)

2)关系代词在所引导的定语从句中要做主语、宾语或表语。

3)否则关系代词前一定要有介词。

四、关系代词和关系副词的种类及其用法

1)关系代词

Who 指代人做主语或宾语(前不能与介词连用)

Whom指代人做宾语或表语(不能做主语)

Whose指代人或物做定语,表示所有关系,用法同形容词性物主代词。

Which 指代物做主语或宾语

That 指代人或物做主语或宾语,但不能用在介词后和非限制性定语从句中。

2)关系副词(关系副词等于介词加which)

When(=in which, on which, at which )先行词是表时间的名词

Where(=in which, on which, at which先行词是表示地点的名词

why(=for which)先行词是 reason等表示原因的名词

how(=in which)只用以修饰the way

关系副词在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、方式状语。

五、关系代语的用法

1)关系代词作从句的主语

The woman is a famous dancer and she lives next door. 这两个简单句中有一个“重复元素”,这里的she指代the woman 即两句之间有一个共同因素,通过这个共同因素建立起两句之间的关系。现要在用she lives next door 来作定语修饰the woman,告诉对方哪个woman是舞蹈演员。而在定语从句中指代“人”的关系代词要用who.同时关系代词具有代词和连词的作用。因此,可将句子改为:

The woman is a famous dancer who(=and she)lives next door.

由此可知,who既取代了代词she也取代了连词and.因为who 既有代词的作用也起着连词的作用。另外定语从句一般要紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面。因此可将句子再改为:

The woman who lives next door is a famous dancer

这便是一个标准的定语从句

由以上可知,关系词who既指代the woman 同时又在句中做从句的主语,而且还替换了and起着连词的作用。

例:

I like guys and they have a good sense of humor.

改为定语从句为:

I like guys who have a good sense of humor

定语从句的谓语动词形式是由关系词所指代的先行词来决定的。

2)关系词作从句中动词的宾语

I would like to find a friend and I can trust him completely.

可改为:

I would like to find a friend……I can trust who completely.

在原句中him指代名词a friend,可以用关系代词who来替换him来充当动词trust的宾语。又因为who有连词的作用,所以and 要去掉。另外关系词who要置于从句的开头,所以要把

who移到I的前面,原句可变成:

I would like to find a friend who can trust…completely Who虽然位置移动了,但依然充当从句动词trust的宾语,这里用“……”表示trust的宾语是存在的,只不过移到了从句的开头,避免重复,最后带有定语从句的完整句子是:

I would like to find a friend who I can trust completely.

例:

He is the best grammar teacher who I have ever seen. He is the student who the teacher likes to praise for his hard work.

3)关系代词作从句中介词的宾语

I am talking about friends and you can share almost everything with them.

可变为定语从句:

I am talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.

Who 充当介词with的宾语

在英语中有这样的习惯:在不影响理解的情况下,作宾语的关系代词可以省去。

4)在限制性定语从句中that可指代人和物,但下列情况最好用that。

1、先行词中同时出现人和物时用that.

2、先行词为指物的all, little, few, much, none和the first时用that.

3、先行词是不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 时用that.

4、先行词被any, only, all, every, no, some, much, few, little, 和序数词,形容词的最高级及the only, the one, the very, the right, the last等成分修饰时用that.

5、that不用于非限制性定语从句中,也不能用于介词后面。

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2021年中考英语定语从句-关系代词整理

定语从句 一、定语用来修饰名词。单个形容词修饰名词放在名词前面。如果由一个句子来充当定语,该句子称为定语从句,放在修饰词的后面。 例如:beautiful flower. nice day. He is a man who always means what he says. 二、两个概念 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的对象。 引导词(关系词):指代先行词,起连接主句和从句的作用,并在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词。 三、关系词使用三原则 1)关系代词之前要有先行词(表示人或物的名词) 2)关系代词在所引导的定语从句中要做主语、宾语或表语。 3)否则关系代词前一定要有介词。 四、关系代词和关系副词的种类及其用法 1)关系代词 Who 指代人做主语或宾语(前不能与介词连用) Whom指代人做宾语或表语(不能做主语) Whose指代人或物做定语,表示所有关系,用法同形容词性物主代词。 Which 指代物做主语或宾语

That 指代人或物做主语或宾语,但不能用在介词后和非限制性定语从句中。 2)关系副词(关系副词等于介词加which) When(=in which, on which, at which )先行词是表时间的名词 Where(=in which, on which, at which先行词是表示地点的名词 why(=for which)先行词是 reason等表示原因的名词 how(=in which)只用以修饰the way 关系副词在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、方式状语。 五、关系代语的用法 1)关系代词作从句的主语 The woman is a famous dancer and she lives next door. 这两个简单句中有一个“重复元素”,这里的she指代the woman 即两句之间有一个共同因素,通过这个共同因素建立起两句之间的关系。现要在用she lives next door 来作定语修饰the woman,告诉对方哪个woman是舞蹈演员。而在定语从句中指代“人”的关系代词要用who.同时关系代词具有代词和连词的作用。因此,可将句子改为: The woman is a famous dancer who(=and she)lives next door.

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III. as与which的区别:

1.The charities have helped more children with the moneypeople raise. A. who B. what C. where D. which 2. Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people. A. who B. which C. whatThe movieI have seen twice is The Wandering Earth. A. who B. which C. where D. when一Have you seen the film The Wandering戍"方力(流浪地球)? —Yes. It's the best oneI have ever seen.

A. that A. that B. who C. what 3. I prefer music has great lyrics A. who B. whose C . thatD. /Not all childrenwatch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. 4. ——Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me? 一You mean, the new police story was filmed by Chen Musheng? A. who B. what C. whose D. whichSweet wormwood (青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman used the special power of the plant to save —Yes. I' ve done everything I can to win the game. A. who B. that C. which —Tomorrow is Father , s Day. What' s your surprise for your father? —The first thing I will do is to make a card for him. A. whoB ・ whereC. whoseD. that China is getting better at making hi-tech productscan be bought in all parts of the world. A. who B. which C. whatAll the classmates enjoyed the cakeI made at the party. It was really delicious A. whom B. which C. who D. whose A. which, millions of B. who, millions of C. whose, million of D. who, million of 9. ——Do you know the boy over there? —The one_ is holding a ball? Oh, A. whatB. which C. that s my neighbor Phil. whoD.不填 10. The book I read last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who 11. ——Have you got ready for the soccer game? lives.

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关系代词that可以代替人也可以代替物,它在从句中既可以充当主 语也可以充当宾语。与who和which相比,that更常用于口语和非正式的写作中。 例如:The car that I saw yesterday belongs to my neighbor. 我昨天看到的那辆车是我邻居的。 4. whose 关系代词whose用于表示所属关系,并在从句中充当名词的所有格。它可以用来代替人或物。 例如:The man whose wallet was stolen reported the incident to the police. 那个被偷钱包的人向警察报案了。 二、关系副词(Relative Adverbs) 关系副词用于引导定语从句并在从句中充当副词或介词宾语。它们 有以下几个常见的形式和用法: 1. where 关系副词where用于代替地点,并在从句中充当地点状语。 例如:I visited the place where I grew up. 我去了我长大的地方。 2. when

2021年中考英语语法备考训练16定语从句

定语从句 【知识方法】先行词:名词或代词 定语从句——关系代词 关系词一关系副词 【知识清单】定语从句 知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点! 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which, whose和关系副词where、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。

二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法(关系代词作宾语时可省略): L that指人或物,在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 This is the pen that you are looking for. The girl that has long hair is my sister. 2.which指物,在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well. The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3.who, whom指人,在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The boy who broke the window is called Tom. The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语)

4.whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)He lives in a house whose widows open to the south.他住在窗户朝南的那所房子。(指物) 三、只用which不用that的情况: 1.在介词后只用which,不能用that。 This is the bank in which the robbery happened.这是那所发生抢劫案的银行。 2.先行词本身是that时,只能用which,不能用that。 The clock is that which tells the time.钟表是用来报时的。 四、只用that不用which的情况: 1.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时只能用thatoThis is the most beautiful mountain that I have seen.这是我所见过的最美丽的山。 2.先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that。 The first English novel that I read was Thirty-nine Steps.我读的第一本英文小说是《39 级台阶》。3.先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, many, the only, the very, the last 等修饰词时只能用thatoHere are all the books that I have. 这就是我所有的书。 This is the only book that I like•这是我唯一喜欢的一本书。 4. 先彳亍词是everything, something, anything, all, none, much, little, many, few 等不定代词时,只能用thatoFinally, the thief handed in everything that he had stolen.最后小偷交出了他所偷的东西。 5.先行词同时含有“人”和“物”的名词时,只能用thatoI can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能记得我在房间里看至U 的人和一些图画。 6.先行词是the one时,只能用that。 This is the one that you want. 这就是你想要的。 7.在以who引导的疑问句后,为了避免重复,只能用that。 Who is the girl that is standing there?站在那边的那个女孩是谁? 五、在介词后只能用whom,不能用who。

(2021年整理)(完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

(完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习 编辑整理: 尊敬的读者朋友们: 这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望((完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。 本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为(完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习的全部内容。

定语从句的用法和精练 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 (一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物.在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐.(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue。我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2。which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket。位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful。我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人.(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子. Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

2021年中考定语从句

1. I like music that/which I can dance to.(限定性定语从句)----句子修饰名词 物(先行词) 2.I like people that/who they are friendly. (限定性定语从句)----句子修饰名词人(先行词) 3.They are talking about the people and things that they have seen. ----句子修饰名词 人和物(先行词) 4. I never forget the day when I met you. 时间(先行词) 5. There is the town where I spent my childhood. 地点(先行词) 6. The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(非限定性定语从句) 物(先行词) 7.The actor is Dengchao, who is excellent. (非限定性定语从句) 人(先行词)

先行词和引导词的关系 1).先行词是人+介词,只能用whom,不能用who. a.I like the people who I work with.→I like the people with whom I work . I am talking about friends with whom you can share about everything . 2).先行词是物/地点/时间+介词时,只能用which,不能用when/where b.I never forget the day when I met you.→I never forget the day on which I met you. c.There is the town where I spent my childhoo d. →There is the town in which I spent my childho od 3)先行词是时间/地点,但定语从句不缺状语,而缺主语或宾语时,引导词要用which d.The day,which began brightly, ended with a violent storm.(作主语)

2021中考英语关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词引导的定语从句 定语从句——关系代词引导的定语从句 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 (一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。 关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 (二)、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人,在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

2021年人教版英语中考考点-定语从句(详细讲义和习题)

定语从句(一) 一、考点解析 首先看看下面的例句,想一想它们的构成方法: 1.This is the library (that) we built last year.这就是我们去年修建的图书馆。 2.The lady who is talking to Ms Zhou is our headmaster.正和周老师谈话的女士是我们校长。 3.I’ll never forget the day when I was admitted into the League.我永远不会忘记入团的那一天。 4.That’s the place where the accident happened.这就是事故发生的地点。 我们可以注意到,英语例句中的斜体字是一个不完整的句子(即从句),在例句中,这个从句修 饰前面的名词或代词(即先行词)。这样的从句称作定语从句(Adjective Clauses),亦称为关 系从句(即以关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that;以及关系副词when, where, why引导 的从句)。 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用。关系代词和关 系副词要充当定语从句中的一个句子成分,关系代词充当主语、宾语和定语;关系副词充当时 2.The woman (who/whom) I want to see is in Beijing now.____________________________ 例题(答案有几个选几个) ( ) 1. The people _____ we met at the party were very friendly. A.who B.whom C.that D./ ( ) 2. The people _____work in the office are very friendly. A.who B.whom C.that D./ 2.I’d like to see the film (that/which) you saw last night._________________________________例题(答案有几个选几个) ( ) 1. What do you want to do with the money _____ I gave you? A.which B.who C.that D./ ( ) 2. This is the music____ has ever touched me.

初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词

定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句. 如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2)You must do everything that I do。 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which,who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why 关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1。who指人,在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One。 (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 如果先行词是anyone, anybody,everyone,everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom. 例:Is there anyone here who will go with you? 2。whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1) Mr。Liu is the person (whom) you talked about。 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend。 3。which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 (1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys。( which 在句子中做主语)

2021年中考高考英语语法全面精讲24.第二十四讲 定语从句3

二十四、定语从句3 He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others. 限定性定语从句 他将穿没有和其他人与众不同的衣服。 He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 非限制性定语从句 他将要不穿衣服,这将使他与众不同。 关系代词which在非限制性定语从句,中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。 示职业、品格等的名词。 这是可以理解的。 定语从句练习: 翻译: 1.你已经取得了很大的进步,这使得老师非常的高兴。 You have got a big progress, . 1.We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up. 2.Bones are masters at rebuilding themselves, which is why most broken bones can heal on their own into the right shape. 英译汉的绝对顺序:核心结构——就近修饰——完整表述 【参考答案】 1.which made your teacher very happy 2.我们对我们的经历变得敏感,这意味着我们处理更少的信息,时间看起来变快了。 3.骨骼是自我构建的大师,这是为什么大部分坏掉的骨骼可以自己愈合成正确的形状。

(2021年整理)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习

(完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习 编辑整理: 尊敬的读者朋友们: 这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望((完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。 本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为(完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习的全部内容。

(完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习 编辑整理:张嬗雒老师 尊敬的读者朋友们: 这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是我们任然希望(完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利.同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。 本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请下载收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为 <(完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习> 这篇文档的全部内容。

Gate School 定语从句练习 Name: 一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句; 被定语从句所修饰的词 叫做先行词。 如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do。 引导定语从句的词:关系代词that, which, who(宾格who,所有格whose)关系副词where, when、why 关系词的作用:1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语. 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1。who指人,在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2。 whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1) Mr。 Liu is the person (whom) you talked about。 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略. (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3。 which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys。( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday。 ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here。(在句子中做主语)(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)

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