高中定语从句全面详细讲解

高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句全面详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解

(一)定义及相关术语

1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先

行词之后。

2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有, , , , , 等;关系副词有, , 等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当

一个成分。例如:

a . 该句中,是定语从句,修饰先行词,“”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词,在定语从句中作主语。

(二)关系代词引导的定语从句

1.指人,在定语从句中作主语。

. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

7 . 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

I . 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

. 那就是教我们物理的老师。

2.指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。

. () . 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

() I . 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 () . 你正在等的教授已经来了。

() . 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。

注意:关系代词在口语或非正式文体中常可用来代替,也可省略。

( / ) .

3.指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。

a . 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。

. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。

. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。

. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。

() . 这是他昨天买的钢笔。

() . 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。

4.指人时,相当于或;指物时,相当于.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 / . 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。

/ I ? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?

. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。

/ . 春天以后的季节是夏季。

I a / . 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。

5.通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。

I a . 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。

a a . 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。

I . 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。

注意:指物时,常用下列结构来代替:

.

.

?

?

(三)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。

( / ) .

. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。

I’ ( / ) .

I’ .明天我将把你要的杂志带来。

( / / ) I .

I . 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。

’ ( / / ) .

’ .我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。

I .

I .

我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。

注意:1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如: , , 等。 ( / ) I . (正) 这是我正在找的手表。

I . (误)

( / / ) . (正) 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。

. (误)

2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用,不可用, ;关系代词指物时只可用,不可用。关系代词是所有格时用。

. (正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。

/ . (误)

. (正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。

. (误)

3.“介词+关系代词”前还可有, , , , , , , , , 等代词或者数词。如:

, . 他深深地爱着他的父母,他们俩待他都很好。

, . 篮子里有好些苹果,有些已经坏了。

, . 我们班总共有40个学生,大多数来自大城市。

, , . 迄今为止,他写了10部小说,其中3部是关于农村生活的。

词+关系代词引导的定语从句特例

1)...... ,+关系代词。2) 代替

(四)关系副词引导的定语从句

1.指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。

I I . 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。

. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。

1, 1949 ’s . 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

. 你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗?

2.指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

I . 上海是我出生的城市。

I . 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。

I a . 我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。

? 这是他们当初打敌人的地方吗?

3.指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。

. 请告诉我你误机的原因。

. 他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。

I ’t . 我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。

注意:关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如: / . 自从他在农村读小学时,他就已经知道长大后要做什么。

/ . 他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。

/ . 他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。

(五)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

形式上:不用逗号“,”与主句隔开。

意义上:是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删除,主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。

译法上:译成先行词的定语:“...的”

关系词的使用上:A.作宾语时可省略B.可用C.可用代替

非限制性定语从句

形式上:用逗号“,”与主句隔开。

意义上:只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。

译法上:通常译成主句的并列句。

关系词的使用上:A.不可省略B.不用C.不可用代替

限制性定语从句举例:

I . 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。

a a . 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

I a . 在街上我看到一个来自非洲的人。

非限制性定语从句举例:

, , . 他妈妈十分地爱他,对他要求很严格。

, 1949, . 中国是1949年成立的,现在正变得越来越强大。

I ’s , . 去年夏天,我参观了人民大会堂,在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。

(一)限制性定语从句中只能用引导定语从句的情况

1.当先行词是, , ( 除外), , , , , 等不定代词时,或当先行词受, , , , , , , 等代词修饰时。如: . ? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗?

. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。

. 所有能做的都做好了。

I . 我不能为你干什么。

. 他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。

注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词,如:

/ a ’t a . 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。

/ . 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。

2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:

. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:

I . 这是我看过的最好的电影。

4.当先行词被 , 修饰时。如:

I . 这正是我要买的词典。

, . 家里发生了火灾过后,那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。

注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词。如:

. 王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。

5.当先行词前面有, 等疑问代词时。如:

? 站在门口的那个人是谁?

? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身?

6.当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如:

他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。

.瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。

(二)关系代词和引导的定语从句

和引导非限制性定语从句时,其用法有相同之处,也有不同之处。具体情况是:

1. 和都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语,代表前面整个句子。如:

, / . 他跟她结婚了,这是很自然的事。

, / . 他很诚实,这一点我们看得出来。

2.引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后,甚至还可以分割主句。引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外,常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如:

, a . 众所周知,中国是发展中国家。

, . 他是南方人,这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。

, , a . 正如你所知,约翰是个著名作家。

, I ’t . 张华已去过巴黎十多次了,这一点我不相信。

注意:当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时,关系词往往只用。如:

, . 汤姆老是迟到,这使得老师很恼火。

, . 这些桌子是金属的,这使得这些桌子很重。

1. 当先行词受, 修饰时,关系词常用。如:

I’ . 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。

a . 他可不象他看上去的那样傻。

I . 这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。

注意:当先行词受修饰时,偶尔也用引导定语从句,但与引导的定语从句意思有区别。如:’s . 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。

. 她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。

(三) 以为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由或引导,而且通常可以省略。如:

( / ) . 他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。

I ’t ( / ) . 我不喜欢你冲她的样子。

(四)关系代词与关系副词的选择

用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用(即所担当的成分)。试比较:

A. I a a . 我知道一个我们可以野炊的地方。

I a / . 我知道一个以自然景色优美而闻名的地方。

B. I . 我永远忘不了我们一起度假的日子。

I / . 我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。

C. . 这就是他被解雇的原因。

/ . 这就是他向我解释的他没有参加会议的原因。

(五)有时也用作关系词引导定语从句。如:

.很少有人不赞赏他的才干的。( = ’t)

(六)定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1.定语从句修饰限定先行词,它与先行词是修饰关系;同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容,它与先行词是同位关系。

Paris. (定语从句)刚刚起飞的那架飞机是开往巴黎的。

. (同位语从句)他已经去世了,这个事实很明了。

2.定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分,关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。同位语从句主要由连词引导,在从句中一般不担当成分;有时也由, , , , , 等连词引导,这些连词则在从句中担当成分。

. (定语从句)他告诉我的消息是真的。

. (同位语从句)他刚刚去世了,这个消息是真的。

. (定语从句) 我们现在面临的问题是如何筹集这么多资金。

. (同位语从句)我们如何筹集这么多资金,这个问题很难解决。

. (定语从句)他提出的问题让我们很为难。

. (同位语从句)他是否一定会赢得那场比赛,这个问题很难回答。

3.同位语从句与先行词一般可以用动词发展成一个完整的句子, 而定语从句则不能。如: A. . (同位语从句)我们可以向老师请教,这个主意不错。

.

B. . (同位语从句)地球围绕太阳转,这个事实人人皆知。

.

C. . (同位语从句)请注意如何保护野生动物这个问题。 .

高中定语从句详细讲解讲课教案

高中定语从句详细讲 解

高中定语从句详细讲解 (一)定义及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如: The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 (二)关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意:关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替,也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句,连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语) 常用得关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、whe re(地点状语) 可以修饰人得关系代词:that, who,whom,whose 可以修饰事得关系代词:that, which, as,whose, The student who answered the question was John、 Iknow thereasonwhy he wasso angry、 The boy (whom) you are talkingto is mybrother、 I'd like a roomwhose window facesthe sea、 定语从句三步: 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A letterthat/which is written in pencil is difficult to read、(主语) 2、Do you know the gentleman that/whospoke just now? 3、You can takeanything ( that)you like、(宾语) 4、Whatis thequestion(that/which) they aretalking about? 5、Hereis theman (who/whom/that) you want tosee、 6、She's no longerthe girl( that) sheused to be before、(表语) 7、Ourhometown isno longer theone (that)it usedto be、(=Our hometown isnot the same as it used tobe、 = Our hometown is differentfrom what itusedtobe。 =Ourhometown is notwhat it used to be、) ●which:指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如: 1、Thebook which/thatwas on the deskwasbought bymy father、(主语) 2、Thebook(which/that) Ibought yesterdayis very

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识,也是高考常考点,大家也不容易掌握,这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容,有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有:when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如: Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2)whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which)cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语) 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。 1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构,因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如: There are occasions when (on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如: His father died the year (that / when / in which)he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错: (错)This is the mountain village where I visited last year. (错)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. (对)This is the mountain village (which)I visited last year. (对)I'll never forget the days (which)I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关

(新)高中定语从句要点讲解

定语从句三部曲 1. 找出先行词; 2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分:主语,宾语, 状语; 3. 选择正确的关系词。 几个关系代词的基本用法 that that: 可指人或物;可作主语,宾语。 指人时,相当于who或whom; 指物时,相当于which A letter ________ is written in pencil is difficult to read. Do you know the gentleman _________spoke just now? What is the question ________they are talking about? Here is the man ______________you want to see. 只能用that 不能用which的情况 1.先行词为不定代词时:all, much, everything, anything, nothing, something, none, the one. 2.先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等修饰时; 3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时; 4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时; 5.先行词既有人又有物时; 6.先行词是数次时;(two, ten, a hundred) 7.如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免重复; 8.疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复; 9.主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词; 10.被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n. /adj.; 主语+系动词+adj.) 即学即用 1. The writer and his novel ____ you have just talked about is really well known . 2. The most important thing ____ should be done right now is how to stop him from going on. 3. The last place ____ we visited was the chemical works. 4. There's nothing ____ can be said about it . 5. This is the third film ____ has been shown in our school this term. 1. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two ____are still alive.

(完整word)高中定语从句全面详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解 一:定义及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有 when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如: The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中, who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 二:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 形式上:不用逗号“,”与主句隔开。 意义上:是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删除,主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 译法上:译成先行词的定语:“...的” 关系词的使用上:A.作宾语时可省略B.可用that C.可用who 代替whom 非限制性定语从句 形式上:用逗号“,”与主句隔开。 意义上:只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上:通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上:A.不可省略B.不用that C.不可用who 代替whom 限制性定语从句举例:The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 非限制性定语从句举例: His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他,对他要求很严格。 三:关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 4.That 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿? The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 5.Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意:指物时,常用下列结构来代替: The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

高一英语定语从句讲解精华版完整版

高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】

定语从句 一、基本概念:定语: 定语从句: Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词:关系词 关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当: 关系副词有:when, where, why. 在从句充当: 先行词: 定语从句中引关系词的作用: 二、关系词的用法: (一)关系代词的用法: 1. He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week

(二)关系副词的用法: 1. I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点: 1.这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构: when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如: I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2.当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语时,关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时,才能用when或where,试比较: I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.

高一英语定语从句讲解精华版

定语从句 一、基本概念: 定语: 定语从句: Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词:关系词 关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当: 关系副词有:when, where, why. 在从句充当: 先行词: 定语从句中引关系词的作用: 二、关系词的用法: (一)关系代词的用法: 1. He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week (二)关系副词的用法: 1. I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born

(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点: 1.这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构: when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如: I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2.当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语时,关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时,才能用when或where,试比较: I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2.非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.

高中定语从句详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解 (一)定义及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如: The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 (二)关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意:关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替,也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4.That 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?

高中定语从句详细讲解精编版

高中定语从句详细讲解 精编版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

高中定语从句详细讲解 (一)定义及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如: The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 (二)关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意:关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替,也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。

(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解

定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义:一个简单句跟在名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考? 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.(2016高考北京卷) A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. (2016高考北京卷) 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.(2016高考全国卷D篇) Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. (2016高考北京卷阅读A篇) ⊙定从原理:把两个句子合为一个,两个句子有相同的部分,此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。

2017高一英语定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解 1.定语从句:复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase which was very reasonable. Those who work hard will make progress. 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1)关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有 when, where, why等。 2)关系词通常有下列三个作用:A、引导定语从句;B、代替先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如: The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句, who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句, 修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 (二)关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意:关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替,也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. The man to whom you talked just now is my old friend.(whom不可省略) 3.which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. He failed the exam again ,which made his father angry. 4.that 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿? Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 5.whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意:指物时,常用下列结构来代替: We live in a house,__________ windows face the sea. We live in a house,___________ the windows face the sea. We live in a house, the windows__________ face the sea We live in a beautiful house, and the windows _________ face the sea Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=_____________________=_________________ (三)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. =The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 注意:1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如:

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句三步: 第一找出先行词; 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语); 第三选择合适的关系词。 (1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用: 1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词; 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语) 常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as (其中whose只能做定语,which和what也可以做定语) 常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、where Ex.) He was late .That's because he got up late. .He got up late. That's why he was late.(表语从句) (the reason) why/for which he was late. (定语从句) 比较:Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. (定语从句) Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(结果状语从句) There are occasions when joking is not permissible. ●关系代词作介词宾语: 关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.(介词前置,必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.) This is the book for which you asked. =This is the book (that/which) you asked for. This is the girl whom they are looking after. (介词after与look构成固定词组,不可前置。look at, look for, look after, take care of等) 当先行词为way时,定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导,that常可以省略。 way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语 时,则用which或that 引导。如: This is the way (that) /in which I do such things. 比较: Please do the experiment in the way (that/which)I have shown you. Ⅳ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别: 1. 形式上,非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。 2. 语法上,非限制性定语从句一般不用that. 3. 语义上,限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密,起限定作用,如果去掉了这个定语从句,整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思;而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密,对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。 This is the book I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的那本书。 Beijing, which has been China's capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是中国八百年之久的古都,它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。

相关文档
最新文档