英语教学中当代英语教师的新角色

英语教学中当代英语教师的

新角色

The Modern New Roles Played by the Teacher of English

Contents

Abstract (1)

Key Words (1)

I．Introduction (1)

II. Changes of Teacher’s Role (3)

2.1 Teachers’ Code Switching as Adaptation to the Teacher’s Role (4)

2.2 Teacher’s “Macro-Role” (5)

2.2.1 The Teacher Should Serve as a Conductor For Communication

Learning (7)

2.2.2 The Teacher Should Develop Classroom Activities to Foster Students’

Communication Competence (8)

2.2.3 The Teacher Should Attempt to Help Students Open Up to

Communicate in Class (8)

2.2.4 The Teacher Should Fulfill the Obligation of an Evaluator in

Communicative Class (8)

III．Roles of Teachers of English and Requirements of ELT (9)

IV．Conclusion (11)

References (12)

摘要：新课程标准注重, 传统样式老师被集中应该被转移到学生集中, 如此老师必须是用不同的角色, 像设计师, 组织者, 提示者, 参加者, 资源提供者, 控制器, 科税者等等。

怎么能老师行动这些角色最好,在本文中提供了六点建议。本文阐述了在教学中英语教

师的角色定位问题。如何把课堂交给学生，引导和激励全体学生的主动参与。教师的角

色不是单一的，当代教师可扮演诸如“组织者”，“启发者”，“引导者”，“帮助者”，“评论者”等新的角色。教师在课堂设计和安排上应注意发挥学生的主体性，激发学生

探究欲望，想方设法培养其独立获取知识的能力。

关键词：当代；教师；教学；角色

Abstract: New curriculum standard emphasizes that traditional pattern of teacher-centered teaching should be shifted to be student-centered one, so teachers have to adopt different

roles, like designers, organizers, prompters, participants, resource-providers, controllers,

assessors and so on. How can the teacher act these roles best? Six suggestions are

provided in this paper. This paper, therefore, attempts to prove that it is more effective

teaching for teachers to adopt different roles in various teaching situations. The modern

new roles played by the teacher of English may include the “organizer”, the “initiator”,

the “guide”, the “assistant”, the “critic” etc. The teacher should pay attention to exploring

students’ initiation, inspiring their desire of seeking knowledge, and meanwhile trying

his/her best cultivating their capabilities of independent study.

Key Words: modern；teacher；teaching；roles

I．Introduction

Teaching is considered one of the most demanding and challenging social under kings in our society, with the ultimate goal of training students to acquire the ability to communicate effectively in English. It's generally agreed that good teaching necessitates good communication between teacher and students as well as among students themselves. The best teaching results in a classroom come from effective co-operation between the teacher and the students. Therefore, the teacher's roles in class can be vital to the effect of the students’ language learning. This paper focuses on the analysis of the different roles a teacher plays either in a conventional classroom or an online classroom, and draws the conclusion that these two types of teaching are not enemies but friends. The paper presents a comparative study of the teaching procedures in these two different classrooms, and finds:

1) Traditional teaching provides the necessary experience and teaching resources for the development of the online teaching;

2) Online teaching can on the other hand supply the up-to-date information and technology for classroom teaching and provide much more freedom for the students.

Larsen-Freeman (1986) explains that role plays, whether structured or less structured, are important in the communicative approach because they give learners an opportunity to practice communicating in different social contexts and in different social roles.

Role play on the teacher’s part is a highl y flexible teaching activity which has a wide scope for variation and imagination. According to Larose (1987), role play uses different communicative techniques and develops fluency in the language, promotes interaction in the classroom and increases motivation. Here peer learning is encouraged and sharing of responsibility between teacher and the learner in the learning process takes place.

Role play can improve learners' speaking skills in any situation, and helps learners to interact. As for the shy learners, role play helps by providing a mask, where learners with difficulty in conversation are liberated. In addition, it is fun and most learners will agree that enjoyment leads to better learning.

New curriculum standard requires that teachers should put students first. English like any other language, is a subject that requires very practical language skills in the learner’s part. First students should take part in the activities, and then they can change the language knowledge into language skills, finally they may reach the required language proficiency. When teachers use the “New Senior English for China Student’s Book”, teachers need pay more attention to students’ developments in their language skills. The new book contains a

lot of information; it does not mean teachers talk all the time. Instead, the aim is to let students practice more. In the process of teaching, teachers should pay attention to developing students’ learning potentials. As a result, the role of the English teacher act differently, based on the function that the teacher performs in different activities; Harmer defines the teacher’s roles as designer, organizer, prompter, participant, resource-provider, controller, assessor (Harmer, 1983:201). Besides, these roles, in my opinion, there are other roles for an English teacher, too.

Teacher development is a process of socialization in which a teacher learns how to learn and constantly obtains requirements and regulations related to the role of teachers. The socialization of teachers involves the following stages：a. the exploration stage of the confirmation and adaptation of teachers roles；b. the rapid development and stabilization stage of the maturity of teachers roles；c. the stagnation and withdrawal stage of confusing and losing of teachers roles；d. the consistent development stage of modification and continuous socialization of teachers roles. Teachers in different stages have different behavior characteristics of teachers' roles. Those who are always going beyond the limitation of self- knowledge and teaching experience will keep the state of being dynamic, open and continuous development and becoming scholar-style teachers.

Students should realize that the teacher can play many different roles at different times. I would like to demonstrate these different roles so that students should realize when the teacher takes a minor helping role .I would like to let students get used to being responsible for their own learning rather than depending on the teacher all the time. With some class-relevant background information and some necessary help the teacher provides, the students can work out the problems by themselves.

Teacher's consciousness of their role is essential in their professional development. Different methods have different assumptions about what roles the teacher plays in the classroom. The term“ role” has been defined in two different ways：

1. a role can be defined generally as “a part people play in the performance of social life”;

2. “a role is a set of norms and expectations applied to the incumbency of a particular position”.

3.The focal type of teacher role is occupational and identifying．It is a position with certain responsibilities and expectations．In the classroom，a teacher in this type of clothes is in contrast with the student and the pupil，both of which are also identifying but not in contrast with the word” learner”;

4.The last type of role is manifest to the learner．It is transactional and incidental．The