2018--2020年高考语法填空题汇编及答案

2018--2020年高考语法填空题汇编及答案

语法填空专题练习（1）2018全国卷Ⅰ

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.

While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉），avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always

69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（2）2018全国卷II

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China —and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers —and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide," says the bank’s Juergen V oegele.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（3）2018全国卷III

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).、

My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（4）2018浙江

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 61 （dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 62 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 63 can be to eat out. I still remember 64 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 65 （shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to 6 6 (become)common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 67 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 6 8

(high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 69 (weigh) problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 70 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（5）（2019? 全国Ⅰ）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61.________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62.________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

Modem methods 63.________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64.________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65.________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66.________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67.________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68.________ (high) than they actually are. Of 69.________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70.________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（6）.（2019?全国Ⅱ）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 61.________ （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，62.________ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63.________（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated

（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene 64.________（declare）she had no plans 65.________ （retire）from her 36-year-old business. Irene said," I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66.________（make）over the years. I work not because I have to,67. ________ because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68.________ （say）she was short-listed，we thought it was 69.________ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70.________ (wonder）."

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（7）.（2019?全国Ⅲ）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On our way to the house，it was raining 61.________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take62. ________ （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63.________ dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64.________ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65.________（recommend）wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.

When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66.________（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67.________（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 68.________ （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69.________（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，70.________ （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（8）（2019?浙江）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ________ (easy) see them.

But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ________ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ________ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ________(connect) between uniforms and school performance.

School uniforms are ________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（9）（2019?北京）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I (1) (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice, “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously (2) (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to (3) (I) the two simple words “Be yourself ”.

B

Earth Day, (4) (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated (5) 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various (6) (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a

tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power — the possibilities are endless.

C

Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question (7) ________ (suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. What students do a t college seems to matter much more than (8) they go. The students benefitting most from college are those (9) ________ are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources (资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and (10) _________ (meaning) college experience.

1_________ 2____________ 3__________ 4___________ 5___________

6___________ 7___________ 8___________ 9___________ 10___________

语法填空专题练习（10）（2020. 全国I）

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an

ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so 65

the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This

really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69

ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（11）（2020. 全国II ）

Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 61.【】(celebrate)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62.【】(carry)special significance. They represent the earth 63.【】(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64.【】decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65.【】(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.66.【】(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67. 【】health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68.【】

(care)for and make great presents.

Branches of Plum blossoms(梅花):The 69.【】(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70.【】first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（12）（2020. 全国III ）

第二节(共10小题: 每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In ancient China lived an artist 61. ________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62.________ (fine)

work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. 63.___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River - perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.

Filled with 64. ________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.

65._______ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66._________ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67.________ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved. 68.________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue; And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69._________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70._____ earth, Mother Nature.

61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________

66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________

语法填空专题练习（13）（2020. 山东）

第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and

collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___38___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.

The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ___41___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.

Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine

___42___ (they) living at a different time in history or ___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Ce ntre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete

____45____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.

36_________37____________38__________ 39__________40___________

41___________42___________43__________44___________ 45___________

语法填空专题练习（14）（2020. 浙江）

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___56___ ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ___57___ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food ___59___(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.

By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the ___62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.

This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with ___64___ rise of science，changes began. New methods _____65_____ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.

56_________57____________58__________ 59___________60___________

61__________62___________63__________64___________ 65___________

2018年

1--2018全国卷Ⅰ本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑步带来的多种健康益处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。

1.longer考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。

2.to see考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。

3.dying考查非谓语动词。短语reduce one s risk of..."降低某人……的风险"，此处介词of 后用动名词作宾语。

【易错点拨】注意die是不规则动词，v.-ing形式为dying；名词为death;形容词为dead。4.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it,故用is。5.than考查介词。根据句中的more可知，此处应用介词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。故填than。

6.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。

7.causes考查名词。此处cause是可数名词，意为"原因"，句中的all表示"所有"，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。

8.strengthen考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为"增强，加强"。

9.energetic考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为"需要能量的，剧烈的"。

10.it/running考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为"试一试"，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。

2--2018全国卷II

本文是说明文，文章介绍了中国近年来根据人们膳食的变化调整农作物种植结构。【核心词汇】account for 说明（原因、理由等）; 导致，引起; （在数量、比例上）占; 对……负责specific adj. 明确的; 特有的，具体的recommendation n. 推荐; 推荐信; 建议carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

1.has grown考查时态。由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。

2.the考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示"在过去的25年里"。

3.actually考查副词。这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。

4.to improve考查非谓语动词。不定式to improve water quality作目的状语。

5.than考查介词。由空前的less可知，此处应用介词than，表示"比"。

6.pollution考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。

7.global考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。

8.started考查时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。

9.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，a soil\|testing program 是先行词，指物，且定语从句中缺主语，所以应填关系代词that或which。

10.feeding考查现在分词。while feeding its citizens是时间状语从句while it is feeding its citizens的省略结构。又可理解为此处的feed（养活）与主语China为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。

3--2018全国卷III

“我”在中非共和国森林里偶遇大猩猩家庭以及由此引发的人猩交流。

1.who考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示"谁"，故填who。

2.the考查冠词。at the top of "在……顶端"，此处表示"大声地"。

3.loudest考查副词最高级。根据语境和空后的of all的修饰可知，空处应用副词的最高级。

4.looking考查非谓语动词。avoid后常接动名词作宾语，故空处填looking。

5.challenged考查语态。此处表示"我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战",主语he和challenge构成被动关系，故填challenged。

6.scientist考查名词。根据空前的a可知，空处应填名词，且意为"科学家"，故填scientist。

7.for考查介词。search for意为"寻找"，为固定搭配。

8.them考查代词。这里用them 指代上文的the gorillas。

9.meant考查时态。由于此处描述的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。

10.to stay考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth."允许某人做某事"，为固定用法，故填to stay。

4--2018浙江卷

本文是一篇议论文，中国饮食越来越受到外国友人的欢迎，与此同时，随着社会的发展，越来越多的人外出就餐。作者认为，外出就餐过多会带来费用支出过多和健康问题，我们应学着享受做饭的乐趣。

1.dishes考查名词单复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。

2.who/that考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是Many westerners，故填关系代词who/that。

3.it考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是to eat out。

4.visiting考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.表示"记得做过某事"，故填visiting。

【知识拓展】非谓语动词中，现在分词v.-ing所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生且现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；过去分词done与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；不定式to do通常表示将来和目的。

5.was shocked考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示"我感到很震惊"，shock与主语I 为被动关系，同时根据后面的learnt可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填was shocked。

6.have become考查非谓语动词。根据语境和时间状语in recent years可知，此处需要用不定式的完成式，故填have become。

7.affordable考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可以负担得起的，故填形容词affordable。

8.higher考查形容词的比较级。根据even并结合语境可知，此处表示"更高的代价"，故需要用high的比较级higher。

9.weight考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示"体重问题"，故空处需要填名词weight。

10.for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for表示"目的"。

5--2019全国卷Ⅰ. that；poorly；of/for；to perform；have reported；belief；noting；higher；the；are

6--2019全国卷II .being；which；finally；declared；to retire；have made；but；saying；a；wonderful

7--2019全国卷III so；to get；of；who；recommended；competition；traditional；hugely；

were invited；listening

8-2019【浙江卷】56. has/will have 57. the 58. that/which 59.cycling 60.easily

61. to 62. improved 63. to wear

64. connection/connections 65. traditional

9--2019【北京卷】1.voiced 2. facing 3. myself 4. marked 5.

in 6. activities 7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where

9. who / that 10. meaningful

10. 2020年全国一卷语法填空题【答案】

61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest

65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed

69. much 70. its

11. 2020年全国二卷语法填空题【答案】

61．Celebration 62. carries 63. coming 64. than 65. decorated

66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the

12. 2020年全国三卷语法填空题【答案】

61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/as 66. pointed

67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. on

13. 2020年山东卷语法填空题

【答案】36. wealthy 37. or 38. formed 39. which/that

40. are called 41. is 42. themselves 43. walking

44. accuracy 45. for

14. 2020年浙江高考卷语法填空题

【答案】56. in 57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change

61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making 64. the 65. meant.