七选五专练及答案

高三英语“七选五”阅读专练

（1）【2015·新课标全国卷I】

Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experience． 1 . Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust．Some people simply can’t trust anymore. 2 . It's understandable, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.

●_ 3 ___having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

● 4 If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives, we'll have our trust tested or violated.

●You didn't lose “everything”．Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5 . it's?a?healthy?way?to?work?through?the?experience?to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A．Learn to really trust yourself.

B．It is putting confidence in someone.

C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D．Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.

F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.

【解析】文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。

1．解析：根据前一句Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项B中的it代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。

答案：B

2. 解析：根据前句Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。

答案：E

3．解析：根据后句having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。

答案：A

4. 解析：根据后句If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。

答案：C

5．解析：根据前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, it's a

healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。

答案：G

(2)（2016全国1卷）

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For exampl e, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”

3 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4 For example, ”bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.

C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

1. 解析：考察上下文的理解和判断能力。后句Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. 的内容可以判断该句应该和密码的破译有关。而D选项As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。故选D

2. 解析：考察队上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码。由此判断E选项的内容符合语境逻辑。

3. 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又

一种方法，故G选项内容

Another?way?to?hide?a?message?is?to?use?symbols?to?stand?for?specific?letters?of?the?alph abet.符合语境。

4.考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的举例以及前句中的?a?code?book可以判断该绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项

With?a?code?book,?you?might?write?down?words?that?would?stand?for?other?words.可以起到承上启下的作用。

5. 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项It?is?very?hard?to?break?a?code?without?the?code?book.符合语境。

DEGFA

(3)（2016全国2卷）

A garden that’s just right for you

Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 1 . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.

● 2

Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 3 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.

●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories

Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 4 --how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.

A. Know why you garden

B. Find a good place for your own garden

C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters

D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers

E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants

F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too

G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have

FAECG

(4)2016全国卷3

Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.

2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.

3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.

4 When you have bought a fish and ar rive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one

There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.

A. Do not buy it.

B. The easiest is to steam it.

C. This is how you can do it.

D. It just requires a little knowledge.

E. The fish will go bad within hours.

F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.

G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.

GDFAB

（5）【2014·新课标Ⅰ卷】

The jobs of the future have not been invented， 1 . By pelping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

1．Curiosity

Your children need to be deeply curious. 2 . Ask kids，“What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?

2．Creativity

True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3 There?are?a?dozen?different?things?you?can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their Creativity. 3．Interpersonal Skills

Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what is going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false. 4 “Why do you think she is crying”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face”“If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel”

4．Self Expression

5 There?are?many?ways?to?express?thoughts?and?ideas —music, acting, drawing, building, photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B．And we can't forget science education.

C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist? E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

【解析】本文介绍了培养孩子技能的方法，其中包括好奇心、创造性、交际能力和自我表达等。

1．解析：细节过渡题。根据空后的“By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them...”可知，这里叙述的是帮助他们发展一些技能。由此推断，上句应为“应该怎样帮助孩子为未来的工作而作准备”，故选D。

答案：D

2．解析：细节过渡题。根据下面的内容可知，此处是鼓励孩子们和你一起做饭。

答案：A

3．解析：细节过渡题。根据上文中的create something new等可知，要给孩子们思考的机会。

答案：C

4．解析：主旨大意题。联系下面的几个问题可知F项正确。答案：F

5．解析：主旨大意题。根据该段小标题及空格后to express thoughts可知，此处所填内容与交流有关，故选G项。

答案：G

（6）【2013·新课标全国卷I】

Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that aim to achieve income that is more than the costs?of?operating?the?business． 1 Commonly?called?nonprofits,?these?organizations?are?primarily?nongovernmental?service?pr oviders__2__.

Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,?direction,?and?control?of?the?operations?of?a?business. 3 . One is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and the accountings. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of word in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管) and the guidance by the management in authority 5 .

A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C．Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.

D．However, some businesses only seek to enough to cover their operating costs

E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F．In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.

G．Planning in business management has three main aspects.

【解析】本文是说明文。生意是给顾客提供商品和服务的有效手段，其目的有两种：一个是营利，另一个是非营利。文章介绍了business management的含义。

1．解析：细节过渡题。上文谈到有利润的生意，下文则出现了转折，是无利润的生意；还有，下文中的nonprofits和D项的意思一致。

答案：D

2．解析：解释说明题。根据上文中的“Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.”可知，此处是给出的有关nonprofits的具体例子，故C项是正确答案。

答案：C

3．解析：细节过渡题。根据下文中提到的三个方面的介绍可知，此处是总述，下文是分述，故选G。

答案：G

4．解析：文章结构题。上文提到第一个方面，下文提到第三个方面，很显然此处是第二个方面。

答案：E

5．解析：文章结构题。该段提到planning和direction，所以最后作者开始解释control。答案：A

（7）【2012·全国卷】

Kids' health：Four steps for fighting stress

Everybody gets stressed from time to time. 1 some ways of dealing with stress—like screaming or hitting someone—don't solve(解决)much.But other ways，like talking to someone

you trust，can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：

(1)Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives. 2 They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.

(2)Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，that's not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself. 3

(3)Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it’s time to get down to business. 4 even if you can't solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.

(4)Be positive.Most stress is temporary(暂时的)．Remember stress does go away，especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.

These steps aren't magic，but they do work.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster 5 ．

A．Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.

B．Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.

C．Different people feel stress in different ways.

D．Ah，it feels so good when the stress is gone.

E．You need to figure out what the problem is.

F．And don't forget about your friends.

G．Then，find a way to calm down.

【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了克服压力的四个步骤：获取支持、避免自责、解决问题和保持积极情绪。

1．解析：细节过渡题。句首的“Everybody gets stressed from time to time.”是本段主题句，由此可知，此处的语境应该和主题有关，再联系下文中的“Some ways...”和“But other ways...”，说明不同的人对压力的体验不同。

答案：C

2．解析：细节过渡题。本段主旨是“求助”，联系上文中的

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“parent or other relatives”可知，此处谈到向朋友求助。

答案：F

3．解析：段落结论题。根据(2)中的“Remember that there are always people to help you.”可以推知，你需要寻求帮助以渡过难关。

答案：A

4．解析：细节理解题。联系该段的主题句“Try to solve the problem.”可以推知，你需要弄清楚你的问题所在。

答案：E

5．解析：段落结论题。任何压力都是暂时的，所以保持乐观情绪，没有压力当然感觉很好。

答案：D

（8）【2011·全国卷】

Money Matters

Parents should help their children understand the money. 1 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things，candy or toys，for example. 1．The basic function of money

Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services.It's important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy，give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员)． 2 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money，you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.

2．Money lessons

Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 3 If you must say no to a child's request to spend money，explain，“You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or，if the request is for many different things，say “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”

3． 4

Begin at the grocery store.Pick out similar brands of a product—a namebrand butter and a generic(无商标产品)，for example.You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product?so?that?you?can?save?money. 5 If?he?chooses?the?cheaper?brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money https://www.360docs.net/doc/7d221255.html,ter，you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.

A．Wise decision

B．The value of money

C．Permit the child to choose between them

D．Tell your child why he can or cannot have certain things.

E．Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

F．Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.

G．The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.

【解析】本文是说明文。父母有责任抓住时机教会孩子理财，其主要形式有：让孩子理解金钱的用途、上理财课以及学会理性消费等。

1．解析：细节过渡题。根据“So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things，candy or toys，for example.”可知，最好的时机是当他们有兴趣的时候。

答案：G

2．解析：细节过渡题。文章第二段提到购买玩具，联系其中的“If he wants to ha ve a toy，give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier.”可知，及时告诉孩子金钱如何买到玩具。

答案：F

3．解析：细节过渡题。要弄清楚花钱购买的东西对你来说很重要，所以下文谈到购物的决定和选择。

答案：D

4．解析：主旨大意题。根据下文中的“...so that you can save money.”等信息可知，该段的大意是介绍如何明智地购物，故A项为最佳小标题。

答案：A

5．解析：细节过渡题。根据上文“You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.”可知，既然要作出选择，那就要允许孩子自己选择产品。

答案：C

（9）北京卷2010

Muzak

The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear?

1 it’s similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.

Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired.

2 .

If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 3

Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 4 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

5 They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!

A. Some people don't like Muzak.

B. The music gives them extra energy.

C. Music is playing in the background.

D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.

E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.

G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

1.C?

??王道：看前后邻句。找不到再扩大范围找。?

??此题，前句没看头，看后句：It's?similar?to?the?music?you?listen?to…捉住主语it及它对应的music，从7个句子中选出唯一用music开头的C句。???

2.B?

??同样用指代的原则。前句when?people?are?more?tired.根据指代原则，确定答案在B和F 里面：B.?The?music?gives?them?extra?energy.??F.?They?get?as?much?as?$4?million?a?year?if?their ?songs?are?used.?F明显不符合文章发展，提钱，俗！选B???

3.F?

??利用因果关系?

??前句Why其他人高兴什么钱啊！从剩下的A,D,E,F里找原因，只能找出"钱"来。??

?4.D?

??这是唯一单纯看一句话找不出答案的题，也是5题中最难的题。?

??利用并列关系。前一句描述tired?office?workers，后一句描述supermarket?shoppers，后句出现Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.由此推断D为正确答案。Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.主语和百分数都是一一对应关系。???

5.A?

??利用并列原则，后面有But?other?people?enjoy?hearing…，故选择A.?Some?people?don't?like?Muzak.这是送分题。

（10）北京卷2011

Public speaking and critical thinking

What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it’s a matter of logic(逻辑)—of being able to spot weaknesses in oth er people’s argument and to avoid them in your own, it also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.

In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly their relationships among ideas. 1 The greatest thinkers, scientists and inventors have often taken their information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas that, too, is critical thinking.

2 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 3

What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 4 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 5 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class. You will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.

If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.

A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.

B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.

C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.

D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.

E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.

F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.

G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking ,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.

1.D由前一句...critical thinking is focused,organized thinking...以及下文The greatest thinkers...to produce new ideas.That,too,is critical thinking可知应选D。

2.E由下句As the class goes https://www.360docs.net/doc/7d221255.html,anizing your speeches.可得出。

3.A最后两句总结全段内容。由上句...not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have.可知。A项中,Rather和shaping the ideas都是衔接的关键词。

4.F下句“...improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.”是对上句的解释,故选F。

5.G由上一句和下一句的结构来看,都是As开头的句型,故选G。构成As you work...As you study...As you learn...三个句子。

（11）北京卷2012

Empathy

Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years.

1 Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.

Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. 2

There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. 3 Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.

Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. 4 “Academics are important.But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.

What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __ 5__

To really develop empath y, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.

A.Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.

B.That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.

C.“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.

D.Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.

E.Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.

F.Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.

G.Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.

1.B据下文spend more time alone and...可知,B项在此合适,由B项描述人们用看电视、上网的时间取代了会面的时间。

2.D该段描述电视上打架、竞争等不友好镜头,而D项描述人们仿效的这些根本无同情心。

3.G据上文Humans are socially related by nature人生来就处在社会关系中,而G正是说的人与人之间关系的话题。

4.F该段空格前句说同情心是一些大公司雇用经理的重要品德之一,而与F中that will help you succeed...正相符。

5.C正好回答what’s the best way to up your EQ(情商)这个问题。

（12）北京卷2013

Urbanization

Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 1 In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

Britain was only the beginning. 2 The?process?of?urbanization—the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city— was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.

In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 3 Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.

4 Until?modern?times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 5 . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.

A. That kept cities very small.

B. The rest live in small towns.

C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.

E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

1.E?结合上一句以及下一句的内容可知,此处是按时间顺序叙述城市化的进程的,且E项中的“only?a?few?people?could?live?in?cities.”与下一句中的“nearly?everyone?lived?on?farms”?相呼应。?

2.D?上一段的后半部分提到英国在20世纪成为第一个城市化社会,本段第一句提到英国仅仅是开端,由此可知不久以后许多其他工业国家也成为了城市化社会。?

3.B?结合前两句中提到的82%和2%可知,此处应叙述其余的人居住在何处。?

4.A?根据前两句的内容,尤其是“Large?cities?were?impossible”可知,受农业社会的限制,当时的城市规模很小。本段后半部分提到的当时的城市规模受限于剩余食物的数量也是线索提示。?

5.F?上一句中提到工业革命打破了城市和农村的平衡,再结合下一句中的“one? American?farmer?is?able?to?feed?more?than?a?hundred?non-farmers.”可判断此项正确。

（13）2014北京卷

Evaluating Sources (来源) of health Information

Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to finds relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 2

Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean th at a certain course must lead to a certain result

3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.

Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术). 5 inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.

Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.

A. Make choice that are right for you.

B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.

C. Be sure to work through the critical questions.

D. And examine the findings of the original research.

E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.

F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view.

G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.

GDFBA

（14）2014新课标全国卷II

Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule

From my experience , there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often :ability , money , and 1 . Money is a topic I’ll save for another day .So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spent in the kitchen .Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule :

1). Think ahead .The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and th ere’s nothing ready to eat .So think ahead of the coming week .When will you have time to cook ? Do you have the right materials already ? 2

2). Make your time worth it .When you do find time to cook a meal , make the most of it and save yourself time later on .Are you making one loaf of bread ? 3 .It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something .So save yourself the effort for future meal . 3). 4 This may surprise you , but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation .It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.

Hopefully that gives you a good start. 5 And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!

A. Try new things.

B. Ability is easily improved.

C. Make three or four instead.

D. Understand your food better.

E. Cooking is a burden for many people.

F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.

G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.

BGCAF

（15）2013新课标II

Public Speaking Training

---Get a coach

1 ，so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you 8 public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.

----Focus on positives

Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well , 2 so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.

---- 3

If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.

4 . As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.

----You are a special person not a clone

Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits.

5 Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.

A. You aren't like anybody else

B. You already do lots of things well

C. Turn your back on too many rules

D. Check the rules about dos and don'ts

E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough

F .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep

G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse

1.E?由下文“so?get?help”可知,此处指遇到困难的事情。故选E项。

2.B?由本段标题Focus?on?positivies以及下文so?good?public?speaking?training?should?develop?those?instead?of?telling?you?what?you?sh ouldn’t?do可知答案为B项。?

3.C?由下文中的“dos?and?don’ts”以及“no?hard?and?fast?rules”等信息可知应选C项。?

4.G?由上文“你的大脑已装满了要谈的内容”可知,此处指“强行记住整套规则只会使事情更糟”。故选G项。?

5.A?由本段标题You?are?a?special?person?not?a?clone及本段中的“a?special?one”可知应选A项。

（16）2015北京

This Way to Dreamland

Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 1 They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. 2

Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

First, understand that some opportunities for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 3 And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreamin g, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. 4

Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 5

Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.

B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

C. W ithout wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.

D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.

1.【答案与解析】B?考查逻辑关系。首先作者给出主题句“Daydreamers?have?a?bad?reputation”，后面用三个并列句给出做白日梦者不好的方面，主语、词义都相似，所以选B

??2.?【答案与解析】C?考查逻辑例证。本段转折谈做白日梦的好处，“great?ideas‖是关键词，所以本空可以用例证说明great?ideas指什么。?

3.?【答案与解析】A?考查逻辑关系。本段开篇提出做梦的机会（opportunities）,后面提出增加机会的方法，三句为并列关系，阐述做什么能够帮助人更好地进入daydream的状态，因此A选项关键词also?helps最为符合。??

4.?【答案与解析】E?考查逻辑关系。阐释问题和解决办法。整段阐述如何做到―Mindfulness‖（?being?focused），与E选项中的self-control(stay?calm?and?attentive)相匹配。所以选E。?

5.?【答案与解析】G?考查逻辑关系。阐释问题和解决办法。段首提出“never?know?what?wonderful?idea?might?strike”，后面应该提供具体的应对策略，所以建议最好随时把好的想法记录下来。而记录所需要的重要工具就是G选项中的notebook（笔记本）和voice?recorder（录音设备），G与前一句恰好形成因果关系，故本题选G。

（17）2015新课标II

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 1 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 2 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.

3 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.

4 . After two weeks, start timing yourself.

5 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

A. After six days

B. For a good marathon runner

C. Before you begin your training

D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time

CEADG

（18）(2013辽宁) Forgiveness

To forgive is a virtue,but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However,forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness,according to a recent research.

1 Try the following steps:?

Calm yourself. 2 You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love.?

Don’t wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. 3 Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.?

Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者).

Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you.

4If you understand your offender,you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness,fear,and even love.You may want to write a letter to yours elf from your offender’s point of view.?

Don’t forget to forgive yourself. 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.?

A.Why should you forgive?

B.How should you start to forgive?

C.Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.

D.Try to see things from your offender’s angle.

E.For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.

F.To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique.

G.If you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time.

答案及剖析:1.B本句起到承上启下的作用,根据“Try the following steps...”可知答案,B项以问句的形式引出下文。

2.F Calm yourself与F项中的To make your anger die away,try a simple stress-management technique.从意思到结构都是一致的,故应选F。

3.G根据上文中的Don’t wait for an apology...可知,G项中的If you wait for people to apologize...与上下文一致。

4.D根据If you understand your offender以及from your offender’s point of view可看出,作者告诉我们要“从冒犯者的角度看问题”。故应选D。

5.E本段标题为Don’t forget to forgive yourself与E项中的forgiving themselves一致,并且E项与后面的句子之间正好是转折关系。故应选E。

（19）(2012辽宁)

How to Make Friends

Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.Good friendship has many benefits.It offers companionship,improves self-worth and promotes good health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town,or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend.1But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.?

1.Associate with others.

The first step to making friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides,you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.

2.Start a conversation.

Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.2 You can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.?

3 ?

Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.

4.Let it grow.

It is a good thing to stay in touch.However,try not to press your new friend with calls,messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.4The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. ?

5.Enjoy your friendship.

The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 5

Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.?

A.Be cheerful.

B.Do things together.

C.Do not wait to be spoken to.

D.Try not to find fault with your friends.

E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.

F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.

1.E由but前面的更换生活、工作、学习环境和后面的...the process is difficult...可获知答案。

2.C从后面的You can always start the conversation可知。

3.B由该段的内容可知B项正确。

4.G从该段的内容可知,不要以任何形式敦促新朋友,让友谊自然发展。

5.D由该段内容可知,要给朋友自己的空间,不要去试图改变他们,不要挑剔朋友的毛病。

（20）(2011辽宁)

Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp

Everyone is forgetful,but as we age,we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing. 1 Read on for some techniques worth trying.?

1.2?

People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer’s disease(早老性痴呆症),according to a recent study.3 Something as simple as set ting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better.In other words,keep your brain looking forward.?

2.Go for a walk.

Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.4?

3.Learn something new.

Take a Spanish class online,join a drawing club,or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimulation(刺激)limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time.

5 Or go dancing with your friends.?

A.Focus on the future.

B.This can be especially harmful to the aged.

C.It should be something like learning gardening.

D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

E.But do n’t worry if your schedule isn’t filled with life-changing events.

F.Luckily,research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

G.In other words,when you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.

1.F由前一句...and that can be a very annoying thing.以及下文列出的几项技巧可推知

应选F。

2.A根据该段最后一句In other words,keep your brain looking forward.可推知选择A。

3.E由下一句Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.可知。

4.G据前一句In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.可知应选G。

5.C据前一句...is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time.的界定,以及后一句列举的一个例子Or go dancing with your friends.可推知此处应选C项,与后面的例子并列。

（21）(2010新课标全国)

Q & A

Question:I have recently got a senior position within my company.One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials.During my first meeting,I presented and then opened the floor to questions.1My first reaction was to answer https://www.360docs.net/doc/7d221255.html,ter,I realize d that I shouldn’t have felt that way.But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings??

Answer:Congratulations on your new position!Presenting in front of your peers(同事)is a hard task in itself,and it becomes much more difficult when a question-and-answer period is required.Question-and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points. 2 ?

●3?

When a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.

●Buy time.

When facing a hard question,most people can’t give an answer immediately.Buy time by repeating the question in your own words. 4 These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.?

●Suggest a private meeting.

A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers. 5 ?

A.Show your true interest.

B.Restate the question with respect.

C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.

D.There were many difficult questions.

E.It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.

F.You may also ask for clarification on the question.

G.Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your next meeting.

答案及剖析:1.D由前一句“...I presented and then opened the floor to questions.”以及下句“My first reaction was to answer defensively.”可知应选D。

2.G由前一句“Question-and-answer periods...and strengthen key points.”以及下文可知下面要概括一些建议,故选G。

3.A由下文“show interest and a desire...”可得出。

4.F由前一句“Buy time by repeating the question in your own words.”以及后一句可知,此处与前一句构成“These techniques”。

5.E此处应填a private meeting的益处,故选E。

（22）(2009辽宁)

1.?

Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.

●Location (位置)

2.Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study,since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.?

●Keeping Thi ngs in Order

Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect 3.The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.?

●4.?

Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way.5.Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family.?

A.Attitude Is Everything

B.Bring Organization into Your Home

C.Here are several ways to choose a location.

D.Building a Good Home Learning Environment

E.Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.

F.Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.

G. A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life.

答案及剖析:1.D本段说的是:营造良好的家庭学习环境。

2.F本段文字是与Location有关的内容,所以为主题句,故选F项。在家中的公共区给孩子确定一个空间是个好主意。

3.G学会组织好自己空间的孩子,将会把自己生活的方方面面组织好。符合本段主题。

4.A本段论述的是:鼓励全家营造一个鼓励孩子在学校取得好成绩的氛围。“(全家)态度决定一切”可作段落标题。

5.E持“能做”的态度,孩子就会效仿,符合前句所述的 a good example...in the right way。

（23）

(2013哈尔滨第六中学高三第三次模拟)

Rabbits are easy to raise.The long-eared animals are clean and quiet.They do not need a lot of room.And you do not have to spend a lot of money to feed them.1.?

One male and two females will produce in a year as many as fifty more rabbits.That is enough to provide a good supply of meat for a family.2.?

Rabbit houses are easy to make with wood and wire fencing material.They do not have to be very big.But each rabbit must have its own little room in the house.This is very important.Each room should be about 75 centimeters wide,60 centimeters high and one meter deep.Fencing is used for the sides and floor of the rabbit house.The holes in the wire fencing should be about one centimeter square.3.This keeps the rabbit house clean and dry.Rabbits need a lot of fresh air and sunlight.Cover the sides of the rabbit house only to protect

it from rain.?

4.Feeding containers hung on the outside of the house let the rabbits eat whenever they want.They simply pull the grass and leaves through the holes in the wire fence.?

Each room should have fresh water.The water containers should be heavy so the rabbits cannot turn them over.5.One month after mating,female rabbits give birth to about eight babies.In two months,a baby rabbit should weigh about two kilograms.This is big enough to make a meal for a small family.?

A.Rabbits eat mostly grass and leaves.

B.Rabbits are also valuable for their fur.

C.Or you can tie the containers to the wire.

D.Rabbit meat is high in protein and low in fat.

E.Many people enjoy keeping rabbits as friendly pets.

F.Wastes from the animals will drop through the holes.

G.With rabbits, you get a big return from a small investment.

答案及剖析:1.G此部分的And you do not have to spend a lot of money to feed them.与G项内容相一致。

2.D此题的关键是“meat”。

3.F由空缺前的The holes in the wire fencing should be about one centimeter square.与空缺后的This keeps the rabbit house clean and dry.可推知答案。

4.A由此段中的They simply pull the grass and leaves through the holes in the wire fence.可推知答案。

5.C此段是阐述的有关盛水的容器的情况。

（24）

(2013长春高中毕业班第四次调研测试)

Taking a math test can be pretty stressful.Even if you know the material,you can still get the problem wrong.Knowing how to go through your math test and check your work can save you from handing in a test full of mistakes that can be avoided.1.?

Write it out

You can also check a math problem by writing everything out on paper.2.Writing out math problems reduces your chances of missing anything to the lowest possible level, which is a common cause of incorrect answers.?

3.?

Make sure your answers work by doing the opposite procedure of what your problem calls for,including the answer you got the first time around.In other words,you would use the opposite of this addition problem—subtraction(减法)—to determine whether or not your answer is the correct one.

Plug in

You may find that a variable(变量) isn’t good enough or have a problem where you have to solve for a variable.4.This is the only real way to assure yourself that the answer you’ve found is correct.?

Check for a reasonable answer

5.For example,if you get an answer in the millions and you know it should be in the thousands,you’ve likely misplaced a point.Go back through the work on your paper to make sure all of your formulas and calculations are correct.If everything looks okay,do the problem again and compare the result of the second try to what you’ve got on the first try.?