(完整word)定语从句讲解总结,推荐文档
定语从句讲解
一．定语从句
1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，
如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy
是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，
如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。
2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。
如上面第5：主句：He is the man
从句：who you are looking for
在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。
3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：
He is the man you are looking for.
二．定语从句（从句部分）
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，
如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
一．关系代词which的用法
1.English is a language.
It is spoken all over the world.
=> English is a language which is spoken all over the world. 英语是世界各地都在使用的语言。
2.He looked for a car.
The engine of the car was in good condition.
=>He looked for a car the engine of which was in good condition.
3.Where is the parcel?
We received it this morning.
=> Where is the parcel (which) we received this morning? 今天早上我们收到的包裹在哪里？二．关系代词that的用法
1.He 's in love with a girl that/who has red hair. 他正和一位红发女孩谈恋爱。
2.Baseball is the sport that/ which most boys like. 棒球是大多数男孩喜欢的运动。
三．注意that/ which区别：
在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
（1）先行词被形容词最高级修饰
1. Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced. 今天是我们经历过最寒冷的一天。（2）先行词被序数词修饰
2. The first thing (that) you have to do is to study mathematics.
你必须做的第一件事就是学习数学。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
3. The driver and the car that had fallen into the sea were quickly recovered.
掉到海里的司机和车子很快就被捞起来了。
（4）主句中已有疑问词who 或 which 时
4.1 Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 在大会上被表扬的那位妇女是谁？
4.2 Which is the picture (that) Mary painted? 哪一幅是Mary 画的画？
（5）先行词被 only、any、few、little、no、all、one of、the same、the very等修饰时。
5. Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 李明是唯一一个想当老师的学生之一。
（6）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
6.1 All (that) he said was not true. 他所说的并非全是真的。
6.2 We haven't got much that we can offer you. 我们没有多少东西能身你们提供。
6.3 My brother fixed almost anything that needed repairing. 我哥哥几乎修理了任何一个需要修理的东西。
（7）有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that.
7. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
爱迪生办了一家工厂，生产过去从未见到过的东西。
在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词宜用which 而不用that
(1)可用于非限定性定语从句中，代替物、整个主句或主句中的一部分。
(2)可用于介词之后，即介词 + which (代物)。
1.Is that the man?
You lent the money to him.
Is that the man (whom/that) you lent the money to . 那位就是跟你借钱的人吗？
Is that the man to whom you lent the money ?(这里的whom不能被that代替)
2. The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late. 那班我正在等的火车现在已晚了半小时。
3. This is the habit which you must try to do with. 这是你必须改掉的习惯。
（如果是固定短语，介词不能被提到关系代词前）
四．关系代词who/whom的用法
1.This is the man with whom I worked. 这位就是和我一起工作的人
2.This is the teacher who often tells jokes. 这就是那个常讲笑话的老师。
五．关系词who与that的区别
关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词
（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。
（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
六．关系代词whose的用法
Whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物
1. He looked for a car.
Its engine was in good condition.
=> He looked for a car whose engine was in good condition. 他在找一部引擎状况好的车子。七．What的用法
重点：
What = the thing(s) which
= all that
= anything that
1.The thing which I want is peace of mind.
=> What I want is peace of mind. 我所析是心灵的平静。（经典口语句）
2.She told the detectives all that they wanted to know.
=> She told the detectives what they wanted to know. 她告诉侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情。
3.I don't know what they were talking about.
A.我不知道他们谈论的事情。（关系代词）
B.我不知道他们在谈论什么。（疑问词）
注意what的重点：
1. What is called/ what we(you, they) call 所谓的
She is what is called /what we call a walking dictionary. 他是所谓的活字典。
2.A is to... What B is to ... A 之对...的关系正如B之对...的关系
Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
3.What A is (was/used to be) 今日的A（昔日的A）
She is not what she was ten years ago. 她不再是十年前的她。
4.What is + 比较级更...的是
What is more 更好的是；而且
What is worse = to make matters worse 而且更糟的是
八．关系代词可省略
1.关系代词作宾语可省略
The lady (whom) we met on the street is our teacher. 我们在街上遇见的女士是我们的老师。
2.关系代词作补语可省略
She is not the beautiful girl (that) she was. 她现在不像以前那么漂亮
3.在there(here) is (are)的句型中，关系代词可省略。
1.There is someone (who) wants to see you. 有人想要见你。
2.There are many young men who are against him. 有许多年轻人反对他。
注意：在there be 开头的句子中，要注意be动词的单、复数要与关系代词who后面的谓语动词的单复数保持一致。
4.关系代词后有there(here) is (are) ,关系代词可省略。
This is the only tie (that) there is in this store. 这是这家店里唯一的一个领带。
九．one of 与 the (only) one of 的区别
1.One of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词的复数
Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.
《泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞制作的最精彩的电影之一。
2.The (only) one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词单数
Titanic is the (only) one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood.
《泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞所制作的唯一一部精彩的电影。
十．Which 与as的区别
1.Which 引导的从句，代表前面的整个主句，此时，不能放在主句之前。
2.As 引导的定语从句,代表整个主句，它可以放主句之前或之后,as在从句中做宾语。
As everybody know, Taiwan belongs to China.
= As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。
3.先行词是整个句子的非限定性定语从句置于句尾时，既可用as引导，也可用which引导.
The teacher is from Beijing, as/which they know from his accent.
他们从老师的口音中就知道他是北京人。
Mary lives in an old castle, whose window faces the sea.
= Mary lives in an old castle, the window of which faces the sea.
玛丽住在一座古老的城堡中，城堡的窗户面向着大海。
十一．限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的用法
限定性定语从句：对先行词的内容加以限定。
非限定性定语从句:对先行词不加限定，只具有使句子连续的功能，只用来说明前面
的主句的部份或全部。
关系代词可用（and/but/because/for 等 + 代名词）来替换。
1.We have two daughters who became nurses. 我们有两个当护士的女儿。（句中没提到女儿的总数）
2.We have two daughters, who became nurses. 我们有两个女儿，她们都是护士。（只有两个女儿）
= We have two daughters, and they became nurses.
3.I have a sister who is a teacher. 我有一个当老师的姐姐（姐姐不止一个）
= I have a sister, who is a teacher. 我有一个姐姐，她是当老师的。（只有一个姐姐）
4.I bought a hat, which was too big for me.
= I bought a hat, but it was too big for me.我买了一顶帽子，但我戴太大了。
十二、关系副词
1.关系副词的作用：
1.1 在定语从句中代替先行词。
1.2 在从句中做状语，起副词和介词短语的作用。
1.3 起连接作用，它把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。
2.关系副词有下列三种：
1.1 where :在从句中做地点状语，指代地点。（可用于非限定性定语从句）
即：表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句
1.2 when :在从句中做时间状语，指代时间。（可用于非限定性定语从句）
即：表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句
1.3 why : 在从句中做原因状语，指代原因。
即：表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句
Why 只用于reason 之后的限制性定语从句中，作原因状语。
3.When, where, why 都可以替换成“介词+ which”,介词的选用取决于先行词和定语从句中的动词。
1.This is the house where I was born .这就是我出生的那所房子。
= This is the house in which I was born.
= This is the house which / that /可省 I was born in.
4.关系副词when, where 既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限必定语从句。
5. 先行词为reason 时，限制性定语从句可以用why 或for which 来引导；非限制性定从句则只能用for which 来引导。
1.I had told them the reason, ____ I didn't attend the meeting.
A.For which
B. At which
C. For whom
D. Why
2. I had told them the reason _____ I didn't attend the meeting.
A. When
B. Which
C. Why
D. For that
6.Whom 在限制性定语从句中可以被who代替，但在非限制性定语从句中，whom不能用who代替。
7.关系副词when与where、why、that
when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which
where指地点 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）
I don’t like the way that / in which / ×he talks. 我不喜欢他说话的样子。
当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
8.带reason 的定语从句与表语从句的区别：
1.定语从句: The reason why (that)...
2.表语从句：The reason is that ...（不能用why, 否则就重复了）
1.Do you know the reason why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到了吗？
2.The reason is that I want to invite you to a party. 原因就是我想邀请你参加一个晚会。
十三、关系副词和关系代词的区别
1.关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语。
1.This is the house where I work now. 这就是我现在工作的房子。
2.This is the house (that/which) I visited. 这就是我参观过的房子。
3.I'll never forget the day when I joined the army. 我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。
4.I'll never forget the day (that/which) we spent together. 我永远忘不了我们一起度过的那一天。十四、such ... as ...和the same ... as ...的用法（as在从句中作主语，宾语或表语）
1.such ... As ... 像... 一样的,像... 之类
2.the same ... as ... 和... 同样的
1.My best friend is not the same man as he was.我最好的朋友和过去不同了。
2.This is the same thing as we are in need of. 这东西和我们所需要的东西是一样的。
3.This book is not such as I expect. 这不是一本我所希望的书。
十五、the same ... as ...与 the same ... That ...的用法
1.the same ... that ...; 和... 相同（同一）
2.the same ... as ...; 和... 相同（同类）
两者都引导定语从句，意思相近或相同，但如果从句中省去谓语时，必须用as代替that.
1.He works in the same shop as / that I do. 他和我在同一个车间干活。
2.She is the same age as you. 她和你同岁。
注意：
1.This is the same pen that I lost. 这支钢笔就是我丢掉的那一支（指同一支笔）
2.This is the same kind of pen as I lost. 这支钢笔跟我丢掉的一模一样（但并不是原来的那一支）
12、必须注意的问题
（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)
（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
精典名题导解
选择填空
1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET 2001）
A.until
B.that
C.when
D.where
解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours 和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。
2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)
A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如……”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。
3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET 1996)
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when
解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。
定语从句的“干扰”作用
定语从句，就其功能来说，在整个句子中相当于一个形容词，对某一名词或代词起着修饰作用，作定语。在掌握它的各种功能的同时，我们还要注意到含有定语从句的句子在补充信息的同时，关系词与其他连词容易混淆，尤其是与其他句式的结合，更使得整个句子显得扑朔迷离，使考生感到无从下手，我们说此时定语从句起的是干扰作用。本文结合具体例子来谈此种现象。
一、把定语从句与强调句型混为一谈，从而构成相互干扰。
本句型变化的特征在被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。例如：
1．——He was nearly drowned once.
——When was _______?
——____ was in 1998 ______he was in middle school.
A. that; It; when
B. this; This; when
C. this; It; that
D. that; It; that
[简析]：本题答案为A。由于定语从句的干扰作用，相当一部分考生选了D。这样就成了It was in 1998 that he was in middle school.这样就成了一个强调句型，意为“是在1998年他上的中学”，孤立地看本句虽成立，但联系上下文来看，却属“所问非所答”。因为上文问的是“他何时差点每被淹死？”而非“何时上的中学”。原来when是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰1998。定语从句when he was in middle school 干扰了强调句型中的that结构。
在下面的两个句子里，划线部分均为起干扰性的定语从句。
2．It was in the village where he was born that he spent his childhood.
[简析]：划线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词village。
3．It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time （that）he ought to have spent doing his lessons.
[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。
二、定语从句干扰主句的谓语。
4．The letter we were looking forward to _____yesterday.
A. coming
B. came
C. come
D. has come
[简析]：由于同学们已经记得很熟，look forward to doing sth(期待去做某事), to为介词，因此不假思索就选A。其实，we were looking forward to为定语从句，修饰先行词即主语letter，介词to的宾语实为主语，而不能对其后的谓语起任何作用，结合时态用法，答案为B。再如：
5．Was the car he had repaired?
[简析]：本句看似复杂，尤其是受思维习惯的影响把he had repaired连在一起，其实去掉定语从句he had则水落石出： Was the car repaired?
三、定语从句对和名词性从句的相互干扰。
由于形式上的近似，定语从句对名词性从句起着干扰作用，造成考生分不清究竟是定语从句或是名词性从句。做此类题时要慎重，细心。
A．定语从句干扰表语从句
6．Is this school ______your father worked in ten years ago?
7．Is this school ______your father worked ten years ago?
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. the one
[简析]：看了半天，眼睛发酸，才发现两题只有一词(in)之差，正是这一词之差，第一题选D，your father worked in 作定语从句修饰the one; 第二题选A, where 引导后面的句子作表语从句。
下面两句都是定语从句，只不过是关系词的不同。
8．Is this the school that your father visited ten years ago?
9．Is this the school where your father worked ten years ago?
有时虽同为定语从句，但修饰的先行词却不同：
10．Is this room the one he lived in last year? （修饰the one）
11．Is this the room he lived in last year? （修饰the room）
B．定语从句干扰同位语从句
12．The suggestion _________ you should do it at once is not the one _______ I gave you.
A. what; which
B. which; what
C. that; that
D. which; that
[简析]：定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply，promise, suggestion等。that 在定语从句中做成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用, 综上所述，答案为C。试比较：
13．We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在此只起连接作用，不作句子成分。)
14．We don’t believe the news that/ which he told us the other day. (定语从句，关系代词that/which作told的宾语，可以省去)
C．定语从句干扰主语从句
15．As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.
[简析]：as引导非限定性定语从句，指代主句内容，可放在主句前，用逗号与之隔开。
16．It is known to all that Taiwan is part of China.
[简析]：it 作形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。
下面是一些同类的例子，请认真把握：
17．The suggestion he thought of was reasonable. (定语从句)
18．The suggestion was that he (should) leave immediately.（表语从句）
19．The suggestion that he leave immediately is reasonable. (同位语从句)
20．It is my suggestion that he leave immediately. (主语从句)
21．It is a fact that he was a thief. （主语从句）
22．The fact that he was a thief surprised everyone present. （同位语从句）
23．I nearly forgot the fact that he told me yesterday. （定语从句）
24．The war and suffering it caused affected him greatly. （定语从句）
四、定语从句对状语从句的干扰作用。
25．He is _____a clever boy _______ we all like him.
A. such; that
B. such; as
C. so; that
D. so; as
[简析]：本题选A。许多考生对such …as结构很熟悉，但没有深入分析as的引导功能和在句子中所作的成分而误选B。由于句中him的存在，不能使用as，这是such…that 引导的结果状语从句。试比较下列两句：
26．He is such a good student as is liked by everyone. (定语从句)
27．He is such a good student that he is liked by everyone. （结果状语从句）
下面这个题把定语从句和结果状语从句有机地结合在一起，请欣赏：
28．It is such a good place ______ everybody wants to go and visit _____ it is well known all over the world.
A. that; that
B. as; as
C. as; that
D. that; as
[简析]：此类试题可看作一个模式：“…such+名词+as+定语从句+that+结果状语从句”，故答案选C。
五、定语从句与独立主格结构的相互干扰。
29．With everything she needed bought, she left the shop happily.
[简析]：句中的划线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词everything，使独立主格结构复杂化。
30．Not far from the club, there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.
A. whose
B. its
C. which
D. that
[简析]：经过对多名学生的实验，几乎都把空格所在的句子看作非限定性定语从句而选了A。殊不知，这是一个独立主格结构，its owner作seated的逻辑主语，应选B。如选A，应在owner和seated之间加上was。
六、定语从句对主谓一致句式的干扰
31．One of the boys who______ my friends______very good at English.
A. is; are
B. are; is
C. is; is
D. are; are
[简析]：定语从句中的谓语动词须与先行词的数保持一致，这就要找准先行词。关键是看准定语从句所修饰的是one 或是boys。如是one of…，定语从句谓语动词用复数；如是the (only) one of …，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。但不管那种形式，主句中的谓语动词要用单数形式，故答案选B。再如：
32．He is one of the students who are late for class.
33．He is the only one of the students who is late for class.
七、定语从句对并列句的干扰作用。
34．I have two novels, and both of ________ are interesting.
35．I have two novels, both of _______are interesting.
A. what
B. them
C. which
D. whom
[简析]：以上两题，带连词and的为并列句，不带连词的为非限定性定语从句，故34例选具体人称代词them，35选关系代词which。在做类似题的时候，一定得注意巨子间有没有连词，这是解题的关键。
八、定语从句对一些固定句式的干扰
36．You can’t imagi ne the hard time she had ______ the children.
A. bringing up
B. to bring up
C. growing
D. on raising
[简析]：结合题义和词义，我们可以断定句中的she had是定语从句，修饰前面的time。将其还原成正常句式则为：she had a hard time (in) bringing up the children.故答案选A。
下面的几例都是有正常的句式转化而成的定语从句，你能看出其常见的结构吗？
37．The washing machine she had had repaired went wrong again.
38．You can’t imagine the difficulty I had finding your lost car.
39．The person you had help me proved to be capable.
40．I lay in the sofa, enjoying the beautiful music Jack had coming out of his DVD.
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
(新)高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when（时间状语）、why（原因状语）、where（地点状语） 可以修饰人的关系代词：that, who, whom, whose 可以修饰事的关系代词：that, which, as, whose, The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window faces the sea. 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。 Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法： ●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如： 1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语) 2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语） 4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see. 6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语） 7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be. （= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be.） ●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如： 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语） 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语） ●who, whom, whose: who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，只可指人 whom: 宾格，在从句中只能作宾语; 只可指人 whose: 表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
英语定语从句简单总结
英语定语从句简单总结 英语定语从句简单总结怎么写？相信很多人都想知道吧？以下是小编为您整理的英语定语从句简单总结相关资料，欢迎阅读！ 英语定语从句简单总结 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如：Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.(which / that在句中作宾语)
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
中考定语从句完整归纳
中考九年级英语定语从句完整归纳 一、定语从句 1．Kids，I hope you’ll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye. A．who B．what C．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：孩子们，虽然到了说再见的时候了，我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the good old days，从句中spent后缺少宾语，应用关系代词which引导，故应选C。 2． My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories（故事）表示物，需用关系代词that或which，引导词同时做从句的主语，根据句意结构，故选C。 3．On Monday April 15， 2019， the fire_______broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world． A．that B．who C．where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：2019年4月15日，周一，巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。 A. that先行词是人或物， B. who先行词是人； C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是fire，指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。 【点睛】 在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
高中英语非限定性定语从句语法归纳
非限定性定语从句是英语语法中从句的一种，是定语从句的分支之一。作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。运用非限定性定语从句，尤其要注意其语法运用及其所表示的东西。 1 who引导的非限制性定语从句 Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook. 我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。 My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year. 我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。 2 whom引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。 如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. 彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。 Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。 3 whose引导的非限制性定语从句。 whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。 如：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard. 那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。 Above the trees are the mountains, whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。 The play，whose style is rigidly formal，is typical of the period. 这剧本是那个时期的典型作品，风格拘谨刻板。 4 which引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。 ①which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。 如：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit. 这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。 She is an artist，which I am not. 她是一位艺术家，而我不是。 Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were. 那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。 ②which指代主句中的形容词。 如：She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。 She is always careless，which we should not be. 她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。 ③which指代主句中的某个从句。
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解与练习题
定语从句的用法和精练 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 （一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,
作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 (2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 (3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
中考复习专题常见定语从句最全总结
中考复习专题常见定语从句最全总结 一、定语从句 1．–– What are you looking for? ––I’m looking for the book _______ you bought last Sunday. A．who B．when C．that 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：——你正在寻找什么？——我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who引导定语从句,修饰人，作定语从句的主语或宾语；when引导定语从句，作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰事物或人，作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book是事物，作定语从句谓语bought的宾语，故用that引导定语从句，故选C。 2．My mother doesn't like stories _____have sad endings. A．that B．who C．where D．those 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。 根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词，先排除D；先行词是stories，指物，排除B；且定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，排除C，故选：A。 3．Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_____tell you your weight? A．/ B．who C．whom D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗? 考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句，who和whom用于先行词是人时，前者多做主语（也可做宾语），后者只做宾语；that指人或物，可省略。本句先行词seat是物，可排除BD 两项；引导词做从句的主语，that不可省略，故选D。 4．—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth（流浪地球） ? —Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．it 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗？——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
高中定语从句详细讲解精编版
高中定语从句详细讲解 精编版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。
初中英语定语从句知识点总结
初中英语定语从句知识点总结 要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why,how 等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom 作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。 (1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) (2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) (3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师 (4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。