定语从句与高考

15年来英语高考题对定语从句的考查

一年一度的高考并非神秘莫测，它完全按照教学大纲和《考试说明》（实验稿）的要求，考查中学生掌握课本的情况。有的同学面对高考题，感到束手无策，甚至晕场，为什么？看了下面的文章，你便知道高考题是怎样来源于教材，又高于教材的。

纵观十五年的高考，高考题在英语科单项选择题中对定语从句的考查有19处，具有代表性的题目有14个。下面让我们从定语从句的两大试题类型入手，看一看高考题与课文句子的对应关系。

一、定语从句修饰人或物。

1．NMET2002春—32

—You're always working．Come on．Let's go shopping．

—______ you ever want to do is go shopping．

A．Anything B．Something C．All D．That

选C项。从表面上看，此题考查不定代词，而实际上是考查定语从句，因此，首先确定you ever want to do是省略了that的定语从句；All是先行词，也是主句的主语，意为“你想做的一切事情，是买东西”。有的同学看不透这一点；再者，表语go shopping是省略to的不定式，to的省略增加了审题的难度，多数同学感到无从下手。

13年前考过这个句型的题目，请看：

2．MET89—36

All ______ is needed is a supply of oil．

A．the thing B．that C．what D．which

选B项。本题有两个is，但不是并列关系，其中一个是从句的系动词，据句意“所有需要的一切是石油供应。”可知，主语all后有一个定语从句。当先行词是不定代词all，something，anything，nothing，everything等词时，关系代词要用that，而不用which，故选B。what不能引导定语从句，只引导名词从句，此句中若没有all，则要用what，如：What is needed is food after the war．

张道真先生在《实用英语语法》第237页写道：“All I could do was go home．”

3．上海2002

Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident．A．with him B．who C．with whom D．whom

选C项。此题考查介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，work with sb．和某人在一起工作，whom作介词的宾语，用来引导定语从句，修饰policeman，A项不能引导定语从句，D项缺少介词，B项只能用于下列句式中：．．．______he worked with．．．，这时，还可填that或省略引导词。

4．MET 92—27

In the dark street，there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help．

A．at B．who C．from whom D．to whom

选D项。根据定语从句与先行词的关系，

可得到这样一个句子：She could turn to the single person for help．显然用turn to sb．for help 的结构。因此，应该用to ＋whom引导定语从句。

5．NMET 2001—22

The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that far-away village．

A．until B．that C．when D．where

选C项。该题考查引导定语从句的关系词的用法，先行词hours指时间，在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词when。再如：This is the hour when the school gate is full of children's parents．这是学校门口挤满了孩子的家长的时刻。

6．NMET 96—16

After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child．

A．which B．where C．that D．when

选B项。引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作地点状语，相当于“in the small town”。

7．94上海

I shall never forget the years ______ I lived in the countryside with the farmers，______ has

a great effect on my life．

A．that；which B．when；which C．which；that D．when；who

选B项。第一个空白处，由when引导一个定语从句修饰years，第二个空白处，which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，which指I lived in the countryside一事。

8．MET88—12

Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born？

A．at where B．which C．in which D．at which

选C项。表示出生“地点”，要么用关系副词where，要么用“介词in＋关系代词”。排除A、B，可以说“in the house”，而不能说“at the house”，故排除D。

9．MET 90—24

He paid the boy ＄10for washing the windows，most of ______ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year．

A．these B．those C．that D．which

选D项。根据定语从句与先行词关系，可得出一个单句：Most of the windows hadn't been cleaned for at least a year．不定量词＋介词＋which引导一个定语从句。

［归纳］

1．在限制性定语从句中，由who，whom，whose，that引导定语从句修饰人，当引导词在从句中作宾语时，引导词可省略。

2．关系副词when，where或介词＋which引导定语从句修饰事物。

［扩展］

（1）当先行词前有形容词的最高级，或the only，the very，the first，the last等修饰时，或先行词是不定代词时，用that而不用which引导定语从句。

（2）whose也可以用来表示事物的所有关系，如房屋的门窗、大树的树冠、书的封面等。

（3）在such．．．as．．．，the same．．．as，the same．．．that的结构中，as，that也能引导定语从句。

（4）先行词是reason时，用why引导定语从句，why可以省略。修饰way时，常用that 引导定语从句，that可省略。

二、非限制性定语从句修饰人、物或整个事情。

1．NMET 2002春—35

The famous basketball star，______tried to make a comeback，attracted a lot of attention．A．where B．when C．which D．who

选D项。此题考查who引导的非限制性定语从句。其标志非常明显，前后有两个逗号隔开，根据从句的意义，此空应填who作主语，因为star指人。

有的同学认准这么一条：非限制性定语从句只能用which引导，而不能用that，想当然

地错选C项。

2．NMET 2001—34

______is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month．

A．It B．As C．That D．What

选B项。该题考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词的用法，根据句意和结构可以确定，空白处应填关系代词as，引导非限制性定语从句，从句的先行词不是主句中的某个名词，而是整个主句内容，as“正如”，“像……那样”，定语从句表达了说话人对某事的态度或看法，关系代词as在从句中作主语或宾语，as从句位置比较灵活，可以置于句首、句中或句末，从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。例如：

Saddam is strong in the independence，as anybody can see．正如大家所看到的，萨达姆在独立方面是强硬的。

3．NMET 2000春—16

It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year，______ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup．

A．that B．while C．which D．when

选D项。while和that不能引导非限制性定语从句，要用关系副词when，修饰this year，在从句中作时间状语，而不用关系代词which。

4．NMET99—19

Carol said the work would be done by October，______ personally I doubt very much．A．it B．that C．when D．which

选D项。本题考查人称代词it，指示代词what和关系副词when的区别，根据语境，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，故选which，which用来指代前边所说的整个事情，在从句中做宾语。而有的同学误认为修饰October，错选了C。

5．NMET94—39

The weather turned out to be very good，______ was more than we could expect．

A．what B．which C．that D．it

选B项。逗号不能连接两个分句，排除D，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除C，而what只能引导名词从句，排除A。

［归纳］

非限制性定语从句的引导词有who，whose，whom，which，where，when，as，介词＋whom，介词＋which等。

［回扣课本］

在高二13－15单元中，有15处定语从句，9处与高考题极其相似，你注意到了吗？现在考考你，看一看你能不能得满分。

1．He began the research and studies ______ led to his new discoveries in physics．A．／B．who C．which D．when［lesson 50］

选C项。此句的定语从句中，缺少主语，首先排除A。应填which或that，作从句的主语，指the research and studies。

2．I've got some personal affairs ______ I have to see ______ ．

A．to which；／B．which；to them C．that；to D．to that；／［lesson 57］选C项。修饰affairs时用that或which；see to是固定搭配，表示“负责”，动词和介词不能分开，故排除A。

3．Holmes put out a box of matches on the table and laid the thin stick ______ he often carried ______．

A．to which；next B．to whom；next C．next to which；／D．which；next to it［lesson 59］

选D项。next to与which没有关系，排除A、B、C。

4．At the university town ______ he lived he continued to make music at home with his friends．

A．when B．which C．on which D．where［lesson 50］选D项。首先判定he lived是定语从句，town是先行词，因此，用where或in which，如果lived后面有in，空白处可用which，that或省略。

5．There is a rocket motor on the satellite ______ the direction of the satellite can be changed if necessary．

A．that B．whose C．of which D．by which［lesson 55］

选D项。从表面上看，你可能选C项，修饰the satellite ，但从句中已有of the satellite；从意义上看，需用by结构，作方式状语，修饰先行词motor。

6．There are many research stations on the earth ______ outer space is studied ______．A．which；by B．in which；／C．that；／D．in which ；from［lesson 55］选B项。in which相当于where。

7．With the pay ______ he received and saved，he went on with his studies at university，______ he received a doctor's degree in 1905．

A．of which；which B．when；that C．that；where D．／；which［lesson 50］

选C项。在第一空白处填入that或which，作从句谓语动词的宾语，或省略；第二空白处前面有逗号，根据句意，判定为非限制性定语从句，用where。

8．Einstein，______was a Jew，found it impossible to continue living in Germany．A．which B．that C．whom D．who［lesson 51］

选D项。很明显，此处是一个修饰人的非限制性定语从句。因为whom只能在从句中作宾语，排除C项。

9．She was now living with her uncle，______ had returned from India not long before．A．who B．as C．that D．her uncle［lesson 58］

选A项。who引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰uncle，who在从句中作主语。

［针对性练习］单项选择。

（假设下面的题目是高考题，你能过关吗？）

1．Hu Jintao，______ is well known，has been elected Chairman of the Communist Party of China．

A．it B．he C．as D．that

2．So far，ShenzhouⅢis the most advanced spaceship ______ has been made by Chinese．A．which B．that C．／D．one of which

3．Can you tell me the reason ______ sandstorms often attack Beijing in spring？

A．because B．for why C．in which D．／

4．Average income has risen by 5，000 yuan in this village，______ is six times the whole figure ten years ago．

A．it B．that C．whose D．which

5．Is there anyone in your class ______ is in England？

A．who B．whom C．whose family D．that

6．These were English Test Papers of my father ______ he was a pupil．

A．whose B．who C．which D．when

7．Mr Wang works in a factory ______ makes fridges after he was out of a car factory．A．that B．it C．where D．for which

8．Such problems ______ deal with the loss of water and soil should be paid more attention ______．

A．which；to B．as；／C．that；an D．as；to

9．Students in cities ought to do ______ they can ______ those in the countryside．A．what；helped B．that；helping C．all that；to help D．which；to 10．Three Gorges Projects being built，______ dam is the highest in the world，______ will prevent floods from causing damage in the east of China．

A．which；which B．whose；it C．whose；／D．its；what Key:1—5 C B D D C 6—10 D A D C C

高考近5年全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句

定语从句一．考点概述：本考点是历年高考中考查的重点，主要考查关系代词(who, which,that,whose,whom)和关系副词（when, where, why）的用法；考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难句的分析等二．考点聚焦功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后例如： He is the man who studies in USA. 本句中涉及到三个概念： 1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom 关系副词：when;where;why 3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。三．考点精讲 1. 关系代词 : who;which; that; whom; whose 其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况 (1)who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)

She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语) (2)which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语） That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (3)that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语） She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (4)whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。 She is the girl who/whom I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man whom teaches us English.(从句缺主语,本句用whom是错误的) (5)whose:指代从句中缺定语的情况（表示所属关系） That is the building whose windows broke last night.(本句中的windows是属于 the building构成一种所属关系即缺少building’s) 2.关系副词：when;where;why(该三个词主要用于从句是不缺主语或是宾语的情况即从句是个完整句) (1) when:指代先行词表时间如：time；month;year;occasion等(形式上等于介词 +which) I still remember the day when /on which I came to Beijing.(该从句是一个完整的句子，先行词是the day在从句中需要加个介词on来做状语的成分即I came to Beijing on the day) (2)where :指代先行词是地点的词如：place;house;school;也可以是模糊的词如：point;stage;work;situation等(形式上等于介词+which) That is the place where/in which I was born .(该从句I was born也是一个完整句，即不缺主语或宾语的，此时where可以换成in which) (3)why:指代先行词是表原因的词即：reason（形式上只能是等于for+which) That is the reason why/for which he was late for school.

定语从句高考真题及答案

定语从句十年高考真题汇编 1.【2012全国卷II】⒏ That evening, ______I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 2.【2012安徽】29. A lot of language learning, ______has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this 3.【2012重庆】29. Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where 4.【2012北京】26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 5.【2012福建】23. The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what 6.【2012陕西】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what 7.【2012山东】23. Maria has written two novels, both of ___ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what 8.【2012湖南】34. Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which 9.【2012天津】7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 10.【2012江西】28. By 16:30, ____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. A. which B. when C. what D. that 11.【2012四川】13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses. A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them 12.【2012浙江】9. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which 13.【2012浙江】17. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom 14.【2012江苏】22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A. which B. who C. where D. what 15.【2011全国卷I】The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 16. 【2011全国卷II】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which 17.【2011北京卷】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _____, of course, make all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that 18.【2011上海卷】You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station _____ you can hire to reach your host family. A. which B. where C. when D. as 19.【2011山东卷】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that 20.【2011江西卷】She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years. A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 21.【2011江苏卷】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _____ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which 22.【2011安徽卷】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while 23. 【2011浙江卷】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _____ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 24. 【2011浙江卷】A bank is the place _____ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。关系副词有：when, where, why, how。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

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