社科院考博英语真题长难句21句
社科院考博英语真题长难句21句
1.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research,but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.
[参考译文]将过去一个半世纪英国地质学领域的出版物做一下比较，(我们)就会发现不仅对科研的主导地位的强调不断攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研论文所包含的内容的定义也有所变化。
2.The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for a mateurs,a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing,first by national journals in the19th century and then by several local geological journals in the20th century.
[参考译文]这样一来总的结果便是业余爱好者想在专业地质学期刊…卜发表文章就更难了，而被广泛使用的论文评审推荐制度又进一步强化了这一结果，该种制度先是出现在19世纪的国家级刊物上，后又在20世纪被几家地方级地质学刊物所使用。
3.A rather similar process of differentiation has led toprofessional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies,whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
[参考译文]一个颇为相似的分化过程已经导致专业的地质学家走到一起组成一到两个全国性的专科学术社团，而业余地质爱好者们倾向于要么仍
留在地方社团，要么也以另一种方式组成全国性机构。
4.Sad to say,this project has turned out to be mostly low--level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head--scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
[参考译文]遗憾地讲，这次新闻机构可信度调查计划结果只获得了一些十分低层次的发现，比如新闻报道中的事实错误，拼写或语法错误(和这些低层次发现)交织在一起的还有许多令人挠头的困惑，譬如读者到底想读些什么。
5.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process:falling transportation and communication costs,lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers'demands.
[参考译文]我认为巨大的并购浪潮背后的最重要的推动力同时也就是促成全球化进程的那方基石:即降低交通运输成本，逐渐减少贸易投资壁垒，以及大幅度拓展市场，这些都要求更大规模的经营管理以满足消费者需求。
6.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although,in the manner of a disgraced government minister,I covered my exit by claiming"I wanted to spend more time with my family."
[参考译文]一次侧面的不光明磊落的攻击伤害了我的自尊，阻碍了我事业的发展，使我不得不抛弃了那份引人注目的工作，尽管表面上我还要以一个蒙受屈辱的政府部长的姿态，通过声称"我只不过是想多和家人呆在一
起"来掩盖我的退出。
7.I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of"juggling your life",and making the alternative move into"downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.
[参考译文]或许正像凯尔西在不堪积劳重负而公开地辞去她在《她》杂志社的编辑一职之后一样，我已经发现，放弃那种"为生活忙碌"的人生信条并转而追求比较悠闲的生活带给你的回报远远大于经济成功和社会地位。
8.While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline-after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late '80s-and is still linked to the politics of thrift,in Britain,at least among the middle-class down shifters of my acquaintance,we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.
[参考译文]在美国，这一返朴趋势是以经济衰落的反应为开始的--那是在80年代末期裁员而引起大量的失业之后一一现在依然与提倡节俭的政纲相:关;而在英国，最起码在我所熟识的中产阶级返朴归隐者中，追求简约;生活的原因就多种多样了。
9.For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the'80s,down-shifting in the mid'90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lift-growing your own organic vegetables,and risking turning into one-as a personal recognition of your limitations.
[参考译文]对于我这一代曾在整个80年代为生活奔波的女人来说，90年代中期出现的归隐恬退与其说是我们寻求一种神话般的美好生活--用有机肥种植蔬菜，并且自己放弃一切的风险--不如说是我们清醒地认识到自身;能力是有限的这一事实。
10.If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'11be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties.
[参考译文]如果你是你讲话对象中的一员，那么你就身处一种(有利)位置宋了解对你们来说都很普遍的经历和问题，而且你对餐厅中难以下咽的食物或老总臭名昭彰的领带品位进行随意评判也是合适的。
11.There are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy--far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their handsaone
[参考译文]现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米以下的脑部和骨骼手术——这要比极具技巧的医生单单用手精确得多。
12.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least'a few decisions for them-selves-goals that pose a real challenge.
[参考译文]但是如果机器人要达到节省人工的下一个阶段，它们将必须在更少的人力监督之下工作，而且还要能够自己作出至少几个决定--这些
目标才会引发真正的挑战。
13.But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the98percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.
[参考译文]但是人类的头脑可以只迅速地瞟一眼一个快速改变的场面，然后立刻放弃98%的不相关部分，而马上聚焦于一条崎岖森林道路边的一只猴子，或者在茫茫人海中的一张可疑的脸。
14.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged$22a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only0.25---0.5%of GDP.
[参考译文]OECD在其最近的《经济瞭望》中估计，如果石油价格与1998年的每桶13美元相比在一年中平均为每22美元，这也只会给富裕的经济体的石油进口账单上增加GDP的0.25%到0.5%。
15.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.
[参考译文]另外一个不应因油价上涨而失眠的原因是，这次不像70年代的那些次上涨，它并不是在普遍的商品价格暴涨和全球需求过旺的背景之下发生的。
16.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Court in effect supported the medical
principle of"double effect",a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects--a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen--is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
[参考译文]尽管它裁决并没有宪法权利来支持医生帮助下的自杀行为，最高法院实际上支持了被称为"双重效果"的医疗原则;这个已有几个世纪历史的道德原则认为一个可能有两个效果的行为--一个想要达到的好的效果和一个已经预见到的有害的效果是被允许的，如果行为的实施者想要的只是好的效果的话。
17.Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shield doctors who"until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."
[参考译文]Nancy Dubler，Montehore医疗中心的主任，认为这一原则将会保护这样一些医生，他们到目前为止还强烈坚持他们不能够给病人足量的镇痛剂来控制他们的疼痛，如果这么做会加速他们的死亡的话。
18.On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted--suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
[参考译文]在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人承认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论部分是因为病人的绝望情绪，对他们来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的身体痛苦。
19.It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use
of"ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying"as the twin problems of end--of--life care.
[参考译文]它把对疼痛的治疗不足和盲目积极使用"有可能延长死亡时间甚至让死亡过程蒙羞的无效并且强迫性的医疗手段"视为生命临终医护的两个问题。
20.In other words,there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing new.
[参考译文]换句话说，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着--套约定俗成的写作模式，为新闻报道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的叙述结构。若没有这些，新闻内容就会一团混乱，让人摸不着头脑。，
21.If it did,it would open up its diversity program,now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook,values,education,and class.
[参考译文]如果新闻界真的注意到了问题的关键，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目，这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，而进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑
15中科院考博英语部真题
词汇（无） 完型（网络上找到的原文，试题没有这么长，压缩了。划线部分为虫友考后忆起的待选空及答案） In the last post, we discussed why fabrication and falsification are harmful to scientific knowledge-building. The short version is that if you’re trying to build a body of reliable knowledge about the world, making stuff up (rather than, say, making careful observations of that world and reporting those observations accurately) tends not to get you closer to that goal. Along with fabrication and falsification, plagiarism is widely recognized as a high crime against the project of science, but the explanations for why it’s harmful generally make it look like a different kind of crime than fabrication and falsification. For example, Donald E. Buzzelli (1999) writes: [P]lagiarism is an instance of robbing a scientific worker of the credit for his or her work, not a matter of corrupting the record. (p. 278) Kenneth D, Pimple (2002) writes: One ideal of science, identified by Robert Merton as ―disinterestedness,‖ holds that what matters is the finding, not who makes the finding. Under this norm, scientists do not judge each other’s work by reference to the race, religion, gender, prestige, or any other incidental characteristic of the researcher; the work is judged by the work, not the worker. No harm would be done to the Theory of Relativity if we discovered Einstein had plagiarized it… [P]lagiarism … is an offense against the community of scientists, rather than against science itself. Who makes a particular finding will not matter to science in one hundred years, but today it matters deeply to the community of scientists. Plagiarism is a way of stealing credit, of gaining credit where credit is not due, and credit, typically in the form of authorship, is the coin of the realm in science. An offense against scientists qua scientists is an offense against science, and in its way plagiarism is as deep an offense against scientists as falsification and fabrication are offenses against science. (p. 196) Pimple is claiming that plagiarism is not an offense that undermines(zqc2849) the knowledge-building project of science per se. Rather, the crime is in depriving other scientists of the reward they are due for participating in this knowledge-building project. In other words, Pimple says that plagiarism is problematic not because it is dishonest, but rather because it is unfair. While I think Pimple is right to identify an additional component of responsible conduct of science besides honesty, namely, a certain kind of fairness to one’s fellow scientists, I also think this analysis of plagiarism misses an important way(whj19890715) in which misrepresenting the source of words, ideas, methods, or results can undermine the knowledge-building project of science. On the surface, plagiarism, while potentially nasty to the person whose report is being stolen, might seem not to undermine the scientific community’s evaluation(zqc2849) of the phenomena. We are still, after all, bringing together and comparing a number of different observation reports to determine the stable features of our experience of the phenomenon. But this comparison often involves a dialogue as well. As part of the
2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案【十篇】
2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案【十篇】 仰望天空时，什么都比你高，你会自卑;俯视大地时，什么都比你低，你会自负;只有放宽视野，把天空和大地尽收眼底，才能在苍穹泛土之间找到你真正的位置。无须自卑，不要自负，坚持自信。以下我无忧考网为考生整理的《2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案第二部分【十篇】》供您查阅。 2018考博英语翻译练习：泡腊八蒜 考博英语翻译题型多为汉译英，各博士招生院校大多都有此题型，考博英语复习初期阶段新东方在线考博频道为考博生们整理了一些考博英语翻译练习，供大家平日复习。 泡腊八蒜是中国北方，尤其是华北地区的一个习俗。顾名思义，就是在阴历腊月初八的这天来泡制大蒜。其实材料非常简单，就是醋和大蒜瓣儿。做法也是极其简单，将剥了皮的蒜瓣儿放到一个可以密封的罐子、瓶子之类的容器里面，然后倒入醋，封上口放到一个冷的地方。慢慢地，泡在醋中的蒜就会变绿，最后会变得通体碧绿的，如同翡翠碧玉。老北京人家，一到腊月初八，过年的气氛一天赛过一天，
华北大部分地区在腊月初八这天有用醋泡蒜的习俗。 译文参考： Laba garlic bulbs in the north,particularly in North China,a custom. As the name suggests,at the eighth daytime of the twelfth lunar day the Chinese people are apt to cook garlic.In fact,the materials is very easy, that is,vinegar and garlic petal.Approach is extremely simple too,the rinded garlic cloves can be sealed into a jar,flasks and the favor inside the container,then pour vinegar,sealed port into a cold location. Slowly, the garlic drenched in vinegar ambition turn green,and finally transform entire body green as emerald jade.Old Beijing human,1 to the eighth daytime of the twelfth lunar month,one day outdo the air of Chinese New Year day in most parts of north China this day be serviceable in the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month vinegar and garlic bulbs custom. 解析： 大蒜：garlic
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2017年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解 PART Ⅰ Cloze (20 points) Directions: Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank. During the mid–1980s, my family and I spent a (1)_____ year in the historic town of St. Andrews, Scotland. Comparing life there with life in America, we were impressed by a (2)_____ disconnection between national wealth and well-being. To most Americans, Scottish life would have seemed (3)_____. Incomes were about half that in the U.S. Among families in the Kingdom of Fife surrounding St. Andrews, 44 percent did not own a car, and we never met a family that owned two. Central heating in this place (4)_____ south of Iceland was, at that time, still a luxury. In hundreds of conversations during our year there and during three half summer stays since, we (5)_____ notice that, (6)_____ their simpler living, the Scots appeared (7)_____ joyful than Americans. We heard complaints about Margaret Thatcher, but never about being underpaid or unable to afford wants. Within any country, such as our own, are rich people happier? In poor countries, being relatively well off does make (8)_____ somewhat better well off. But in affluent countries, where nearly everyone can afford life’s necessities, increasing affluence matters (9)_____ little. In the U.S., Canada, and Europe, the correlation between income and happiness is, as University of Michigan researcher noted in a 1980s 16–nation study, “virtually (10)_____”. Happiness is lower (11)_____ the very poor. But
北科考博英语翻译长难句分析
北科考博英语翻译长难句分析 一、 问 ：老师，请帮我评一下这篇翻译！谢谢！ The field of torts embraces a group of civil wrongs ,other than breach of contact , that interfere with person ,property ,reputation ,or commercial or social advantage . 侵权行为指的是侵害人身、财产、名誉、商业或社会利益等领域权利的一系列民事侵权行为，它并不是合同法的一个分枝。While such an act ,such as an assult ,may sometimes be both a crime punishable by the state in a criminal prosecution and also a tort actionable by the victim in a suit for damages ,the criminal prosecution and the damage action are quite separate and unrelated proceedings . 但像突袭这样的行为就有可能既涉及到刑事惩罚，又涉及侵权诉讼，前者主要是由国家通过刑事诉讼来完诚，后者主要是由受害人通过损害赔偿诉讼来完成，这是两 个完全分开且相互之间没有关联的诉讼过程。The essential purpose of the law of torts is compensatory and ,though punitive damages may occasionally be awarded , its function is distinct from that of criminal law.and injured party is not awarded compensation in the criminal proceeding .侵权法的功能和刑法的功能是不相同，侵权法的主要目是补偿，偶尔也支持罚金，而刑法的主要目的是惩罚，受害方是不能通过刑事诉讼得到赔偿的。 答：同学你好，翻译的三个标准是：信达雅。所谓的信使忠实于原文，而所谓的忠实于原文说白了就是能不增减就不增减，能不动语序就不动语序，。 你给的这 个文章整体而言翻译的还可以，但是你的翻译偶尔会触动：信字。尤其是在语序方面。我们看一下你翻译的最后一部分：The essential purpose of the law of torts is compensatory and ,though punitive damages may occasionally be awarded , its function is distinct from that of criminal law.and injured party is not awarded compensation in the criminal proceeding .侵权法的功能和刑法的功能是不相同，侵权法的主要目是补偿，偶尔也支持罚金，而刑法的主要目的是惩罚，受害方是不能通过刑事诉讼得到赔偿的。你的这句话 的翻译问题最明显。你按照我前面说的要求在这个问题的基础上再翻译一遍，我再看看 二、 问：老师，帮我点评一下法律英语翻译 答：There is a bewildering variety of legal systems in the world . 世界上有各种各样的让人困惑的法律体系。 Every country has its own . 每个国家都有自己的法律体系。But law is strictly defined by nationality : it stops at the border .Outside its home base ,it has no validity at all . 但是法律完全是由国家自主制定的，在国家边界之内它发挥作用，在边界之外它则一点效力都没有。Now two legal systems are exactly alike . Each is specific to its country or its jurisdiction . 现在有两个法律体系极度的相似，他们各自运用于各自的国度或司法部门。This does not mean that every legal system is entirely different from every other legal system . 这并不是说每一个法律体系都完全不同于其他的法律体系。When two countries are similar in culture ang tration , their legal systems are likely to be similar as well .当两个国家在文化和传统方面非常相似，他们的法律体系也就会非常相似。 （ＰＳ：The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL：四零零 六六八 六九七八） 三、问：请翻译老师点评法律英语翻译（三） Langdell held that law consists of certain principles or doctines and that those scientific principles are contained in printed books . 兰德尔认为法律中包含着一定的原理或者原则，并且他认为那些科学的原理已包含在出版的书本中了。Langdell believed that legal education should occur in the classroom not in the law office. 兰德尔坚持法律教育应当在课堂上进行而不是在办公室进行。In Langdell’s view , by studying the cases on a subject , the student would learn the legal doctrines which they embody . 通过研究这个课题的相关案例，我们发现兰德尔主张学生应该学习一些具体化的法律原则。Since , in this view ,law was a science to be studied by scholars , law teachers did not need any practical experience in the profession .Rather ,they required only academic training . 因此按兰德尔的这个观点，法律应是一门由学者研究的科学，法律教师并不需要具有任何与专业相关有实践应验，他们的仅仅需要学科培训就可以了。What qualifies a person ,therefore , to teach law is not experience in
2012四川大学考博英语真题及答案详解
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2015~2017年中国社会科学院考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
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