英语中形容词的用法

英语中形容词的用法

一、形容词的定义

形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征。二、形容词的用法：

1. 作定语，一般放在名词之前, 不定代词something，anything，nothing，everything 等之后。eg. It’s a sunny day today. 今天是个阳光灿烂的日子。

She has a red coat. 她有一件红色的外套。Would you like something hot to drink？你想喝点热饮料吗？I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。Is there anything interesting in the film. 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？There is nothing dangerous here. 这儿一点都不危险。

2. 作表语，放在系动词的后面。eg. He looks happy today. 他今天显得很高兴I feel very tired after playing football. 踢球之后我觉得很累。

3. 形容词用作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。eg. Don’t keep the door open. 别让门敞着。His success made him happy.他的成功让他感到幸福。

4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见的形容词有：good / bad, rich / poor, young / old, deaf / blind, black / white, living / dead 等。eg. The old often think of old things. 老年人经常回想往事。

The new always take the place of

the old. 新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。

5.多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序为: 限定词（冠词→指示代词→形容词性物主代词）→数词→描绘性形容词（大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧、颜色）→国籍→地区→出处→物质材料→用途→类别+ 名词A small round table 一张小圆桌A tall white building 一幢高大的白色建筑物A famous American medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院

1.One day they crossed the _______ bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old

2. ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the _____ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last

三、副词

1.副词的作用: 用来修饰动词.形容词.其它副词.全句或名词词组及句子用法例My mother is out The girl there is my friend He runs fast 句作表语作定语作状语作宾补

I found him outside

2.有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成如: strong strongly real really 词尾是y的要把y变为i再加ly, 如:busy busily happy happily

以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly, 如:wide widely brave bravely

有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, 如:true –truly terrible --terribly good的副词是well. well 也可作形容词用，但只有唯一的意思＝healthy 健康的hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词是“困难的”＝difficult，作副词是“努力地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”它和hard 没关系

用词的适当形式填

1 hard hardly 1 He works very __________. He __________ has a rest on Sunday. (hard) Luckily

2 __________, he didn’t fail in the exam.(luck) surprised

3 He was so __________ that he couldn’t surprising believe this __________ news. (surprise) either

4 He won’t do it. I won’t do it, __________. (too)well

5 Mr. Green is feeling __________ enough to go to work. (good) more friendly

6 The old man looks very _______________ than you think. (friend) heavy

7 This box is not so ______ as that one. (heavy) highest

8 Lucy jumped __________ of the four. (high)

形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成

规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词

1) 一般情况加–er 或–est

fast –faster –fastest high –higher –highest clever –cleverer –cleverest

规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词

2) 以字母e 结尾加–r 或–st

fine –finer –finest late –later –latest nice –nicer –nicest

规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词

3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加–er 或–est

fat –fatter –fattest big –bigger –biggest thin –thinner –thinnest

规则变化

单音节词和少数双音节词

4) 以辅音字母加y 结尾变y

为i 加–er 或–est

early –earlier –earliest easy –easier –easiest lucky –luckier –luckiest

规则变化

部分双音节和多音节词

在词前加more 或most

slowly - more slowly - most slowly easily - more easily - most easily carefully - more carefully

- most carefully

不规则变化

good/well –better –best many/much –more –most

little –less –least far –farther –farthest ( far –further –furthest ) bad/badly/ill –worse –worst

形容词和副词

比较级和最高级的用法

1)表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词than 引导，表示“较··”或“更··一些”的意··思

*This cake is more delicious than that one.

*Li Lei jumped farther than Jim (did).

2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among）短语来说明比较的范围

*Shanghai is the biggest city in China. *Lucy sings (the) best of all.

*He is the most careful among us.

3) 在表示“和··一样··”和····“不及··”这类概念时，可以用··“as+原级+as”和“not as（so）+原级+as”的句型*Our teacher is as busy as before.

*He does not run so (as) fast as I.

4) 可用much, still, a little, even, far,three years等表示程度的状语来修饰比较级*She is much taller than Mrs.Liu. *He is three years older than I. *This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.

5)几种比较级的使用句型

1.“比较级+ and + 比较级”表示“越来越··”··

*Your English is getting better and better.

你的英语越来越好了。*These days more and more people are learning English.

现在学英语的人越来越多了。

2. “the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越··就越··”····*The more, the better. 越多越好。

*The busier he is, the happier he feels.

他越忙越高兴。

3.“more (less) than ”表示“不止，不到”*She is more than thirty. 她三十多岁了。*The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms.

最轻的不到五十公斤。

4.“more or less”表示“差不多，或多或少”*The problem is more or less solved.

这个问题差不多已经解决了。

*Is it straight? –More or less.

它直吗？–差不多吧。

6)注意点

1. 形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略

2.在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词*This pen is shorter than that one. *The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.

3.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级

*Who is taller, Mary or Jane?

*Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?

7)掌握几种同义句转换

1. He is taller than any other student in his class.

2. = He is taller than the other students in his class. = He is taller than any of the other students in his class. = He is the tallest (student)in his class.

3. I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.

4. The box is too heavy for him to carry. = The box is so heavy that he can’t carry it. = The box is not light enough for him to carry.

c

Exercises

选择

(A )1 Who gets home usually ____ in your family? A. the latest B. later C. early D. as late

(B )2 The more we looked at the picture, ____. A. we like it less B. the less we liked it C. better we liked it D. it looked better

(B )3 What a pity. Lucy ran ____ than Lily. A. a few more slowly B. a little more slowly C. much more slowly D. little slowlier

( B)4 Don’t worry. Your baby is looked after ____ here, the nurse are very ____. A. careful, carefully B. carefully, careful C. care, careless D. careless, care

( C)5 The idea became ____ . He wanted to try ____. A. strangly, it out B. strangly, out it C. strange, it out D. strange, out it

( C)6 Beijing is ____ biggest cities in China. A. the first B. one of C.

the second D. second

C 7、The bread is ____ than these cakes A、very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious

C 8. Lin T ao jumped ____ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far

9. When they met in the hotel . They talked A and laughed ______

A.happily

B. happy

C. happier

D. happiest

D 10.which is _____ season in Beijing ? A.good B. better C. best D. the best

11. I think Yao ming the famous basketball player , he will be ____ new Star in NBA D A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest

12. In our city it’s ____

in July ,but it is even ____ D in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter

13. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the C second ______ island in china A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest D

14. An elephant is ____ than a tiger A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier

15. A horse is ______ than a dog C A.Much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier

16. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . D She is _____ A.Care B. careful C. carefully D. careless

17. Which subject is _____ , physics or C chemistry ? A.Interesting B. most interesting C. More interesting D. the most interesting

18. He is A enough to carry the heavy box ___ A.strong B. stronger

C. much stronger .

D. the strongest

19. Li lei often talks A but does _____ so ___ everyone says he is a good boy A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many

20. When the famous singer started to sing , A everyone began to shout very ____ A.loudly B. loud C.heavily D. high

形容词练习：

21. This coat is a bit too B for me. Do you have a size in blue.? A. small, big B. small, bigger C. small, bigger D. small, big

22. He is so tired that he fell D as soon as he lay down. A. sleep B. sleeping C. sleepy D. asleep

23. If I had A , I’d go to Egypt and have a book at the Great Pyramid. A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough

24. He works very A . He has a rest on Sundays. A. hard, hardly B. hardly, hard C. hard, hard D. hardly, hardly

25. July and August are the D months in a year. A. hot B. hotter C. hotest D. hottest

26. –What do you think of the bridge? –I have never seen C before? A. so a long one B. so long one

27. 30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it is C than we need. A. far more B. very much C. far less D. very little

28. It’s kindB you to give me such great help. A. for B. of C. with D. to

29. America is one of theC countries in the world. A. most develop

B. most developing

C. most developed

D. most development

30. John did D his brother in the exam. A. so badly as B. as good as

C. more careful than

D. much more carefully than

31. Hearing the good news, Mary looked A and looked at us. A. happy…happily B. happily…happy C. happy…happy D. happily…happily

32. China is larger than A in Asia. A. any other country B. any country C. any other countries D. any countries