新高考高三英语时文阅读精练(含答案解析)

新高考高三英语时文阅读精练（含答案解析）

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The new coronavirus (新冠病毒) is the third to have jumped from animals to humans in the 21st century. Here’s what we know about these modern viruses, how they have spread, and how public health systems have responded.

A family of viruses that can also cause the common cold

SARS, MERS, and Covid-19 are all infections caused by members of a group of viruses called coronaviruses. “Coronaviruses are a family of viruses which can cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals, typically illnesses related to breathing in humans,” explains S. Wesley Long. Three different coronaviruses cause up to a third of all cases of the common cold, he adds. Viruses that have never before been known to infect humans typically are more virulent, meaning they are more likely to make people sick. “When they make the jump to humans, our preexisting immunity (免疫力) is low,” explains Eric Cioe-Pena.

Related but different

Like members of any extended family, MERS, SARS, and Covid-19 also have different personalities that affect how they behave in public. MERS had the highest death rate at about 35 percent, followed by SARS at 10 percent. So far, Covid-19 has the lowest death rate, currently estimated between 2 and 3 percent, says Dr. Long. But Covid-19 is transmitted between humans much more efficiently than either SARS or MERS, which helps explain why it has traveled so much faster than its two modern predecessors.

What have we learned?

Any new epidemic will disrupt public health systems, no matter how complicated. There are just too many unknowns. Covid-19 is moving so fast that public health officials are struggling to keep testing guidelines up to date. While researchers are making progress toward a vaccine (疫苗), we’re at least a year away from having one ready for public use. Some of the most basic strategies are still the most effective. Isolating sick patients at home, closing schools, and limiting travel can help slow the spread.

1. What kind of disease can the coronavirus cause?

A. Heart disease.

B. Lung disease.

C. Skin disease.

D. Liver disease.

2. What does the underlined word “virulent” mean?

A. Deadly.

B. Mild.

C. Universal.

D. Controllable.

3. What is special about Covid-19?

A. It can spread very quickly.

B. Its death rate is the highest.

C. It has the fewest infections.

D. It is caused by coronavirus.

4. What can we learn from the text?

A. The vaccine can be put into use immediately.

B. The virus will reduce the human body immunity.

C. Human beings have a complete grasp of this virus.

D. The three viruses have exactly the same characteristics.

【答案】1-4 BAAB

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了21世纪从动物传染给人类的三种病毒（SARS, MERS 和Covid-19）的相关知识。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“...typically illnesses related to breathing in humans...”可知，是与呼吸相关的疾病，审视选项，肺部疾病属于呼吸类，故选B。

2.词义猜测题。根据划线单词后部分“...meaning they are more likely to make people sick.”可知，此疾病更有可能让人生病，审视选项，deadly（致命的）最符合句意，故选A。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But Covid-19 is transmitted between humans much more efficiently than either SARS or MERS, which helps explain why it has traveled so much faster than its two modern predecessors.”可知，它的传播速度要快于另外两个，这是它的特别之处，故A选项正确；根据第三段第三句“So far, Covid-19 has the lowest death rate, currently estimated between 2 and 3 percent, says Dr. Long.”可知，B项不正确；文中未提及具体感染数据，故C项不正确；这三种都属于冠状病毒，不属于特别之处，故D项不正确，故选A。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句“While researchers are making progress toward a vaccine, we’re at least a year away from having one ready for public use.”可知，至少还需要一年时间才能研制出可供公众使用的疫苗，故A选项不正确；根据第二段最后一句““When they make the jump to humans, our preexisting immunity（免疫力）is low,” explains Eric Cioe-Pena.”可知，病毒会降低人的免疫力，故B选项正确；根据最后一段第二句“There are just too many