英语阅读理解练习题及解析

英语阅读理解练习题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Plan your dream vacation to one of these excellent destinations.

St. Lucia

Abundant rainforests and splendid mountains are all reasons to visit this Caribbean island. St. Lucia offers the perfect mix of relaxation and adventure. To take in the breathtaking scenery, plan to hike the Piton Mountains or dive in the waters of Anse Chastanet.

Banff. Alberta

This Canadian destination will bring out the explorer in anyone who visits. From hiking and whitewater rafting to skiing and snowboarding, Banff offers travelers an abundance of year-round outdoor activities. The Lake Louise Ski Resort is one of the largest in North America and the striking photo opportunities of the Canadian Rockies from Moraine Lake can't be underestimated (低估).

Machu Picchu

According to travelers, a visit to this Peruvian UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) site is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. Located in the Andes Mountains, it is the most familiar icon (象征物) of Inca civilization. Spend a few days accustoming yourself to the altitude in the neighboring city of Cusco, where you can experience a mix of Incan and Spanish cultures.

Great Barrier Reef

It's easy to see why the Great Barrier Reef is one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World –it stretches nearly 1,500 miles along the eastern coastline of Australia and features about 3,000 reefs, 900 islands and more than 1,500 species of fish. Travelers can see these amazing natural structures from the air or underwater. However, large amounts of coral bleaching (褪色) caused by rising ocean temperatures put this place's continued existence at risk, so plan your visit soon to see this awesome sight up close.

（1）What can you enjoy both in St. Lucia and Banff?

A. Hiking.

B. Skiing.

C. Diving.

D. Snowboarding.

（2）Where may a historian choose to go?

A. St. Lucia.

B. Banff. Alberta.

C. Machu Picchu.

D. Great Barrier Reef （3）What do we know about the Great Barrier Reef?

A. It's on the western coast of Australia.

B. It's famous for coral reefs rather than fish.

C. People must take a plane to enjoy its beauty.

D. It may disappear if temperature keeps on rising.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四处假期极好的去处及各自特色。

（1）考查细节理解。根据St. Lucia部分中的“plan to hike the Piton Mountains or dive in the waters of Anse Chastanet.”和Banff. Alberta部分中的“From hiking and whitewater rafting to

skiing and snowboarding, Banff offers travelers an abundance of year-round outdoor activities.”

可知在St. Lucia和 Banff人们都可以徒步旅行，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Machu Picchu部分中的“a visit to this Peruvian UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) site is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure.和Spend a few days accustoming yourself

to the altitude in the neighboring city of Cusco, where you can experience a mix of Incan and Spanish cultures.”可知历史学家们可以在这里参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址，体验印

加文化和西班牙文化的融合。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Great Barrier Reef部分中的“large amounts of coral bleaching (褪色) caused by rising ocean temperatures put this place's continued existence at risk, so plan your visit soon to see this awesome sight up close.”可知海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色，对大堡礁的

存在造成了威胁。由此可推断如果温度继续升高，大堡礁可能会消失。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考

生在捕捉细节信息的基础上根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

What do Leonardo da Vincii, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Brad Pitt Prince William, and Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the world's population may be left-handed and still most people around the world are right-handed.

What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet no one really knows for sure. One simple idea suggests that people normally get right-handedness from their parents. Studies have found that two right-handed parents have only a 9.5 percent chance of having a left-handed child, whereas two left-handed parents have a 26 percent chance of having

a left-handed child. Another common theory is that left-handed people suffer mild brain damage during birth, which makes them left-handed. However, if this theory were true, it would not explain why the percentage of left-banded people is so similar in every society, when birth conditions vary so much from society to society.

Whatever the reasons behind it, people's attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abnormal. For most people today, either case is perfectly acceptable.

（1）What makes one right-handed?

A. The environment.

B. Mild brain damage during birth.

C. The reason is uncertain.

D. Other people.

（2）Why is the number of young people who are left-handed bigger than that of the elderly?

A. Because the elderly are forced to become right-handed.

B. Because left-handed people are considered abnormal.

C. Because left-handedness can be cured.

D. Because the young are easily damaged.

（3）What does the text mainly talk about?

A. Left-handed people are looked down upon.

B. General facts about left-handed people.

C. Some famous left-handed people.

D. The reasons why people are left-handed.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。

（1）考查细节理解。第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根据” As yet no one really knows for sure.”可知，虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测，但是原因不明。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段“Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abn ormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯，但是，现在人们的态度已经转变了。故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime coral bleaching (白化现象) events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.

In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world.

"Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places-the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young fish concentrate on these sounds when they're looking for a place to settle," said Steve Simpson, study co-author and a professor at the University of Exeter, UK.

By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. "These returning fish, are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish populations in this way could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we're seeing on many

coral reefs around the world," said lead author, Tim Gordon.

（1）What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching?

A.Diverse species.

B.Noise pollution.

C.Fishing industry.

D.Climbing temperatures.

（2）What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs?

A.Removing damaged coral reefs.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/e58483416.html,ing loudspeakers to keep fish away.

C.Building new homes for sea species.

D.Playing certain sounds to appeal to fish.

（3）Why are Steve Simpson's words quoted?

A.To provide some findings of the study.

B.To show the progress of the experiment.

C.To explain reasons for the new approach.

D.To give another solution to the problem.

（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.The attempts are in vain.

B.Natural recovery is impossible.

C.Initial success has been achieved.

D.The coral reefs have returned to normal.

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件，而为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统，科学家们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器，让珊瑚听起来更健康，从而能够吸引鱼类。作者解释了采用这一方法的原因以及这一新方法获得了初步成功。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime u coral bleaching events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.”然而，由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件，损害了它们的健康，导致鱼类和其他海洋物种抛弃它们，可知，气温攀升是导致珊瑚白化现象的原因。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms.”为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统，来自英国和澳大利亚的科学家们进行了一项研究，他们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器，让它们听起来更健康，吸引鱼类，这可能会启动珊瑚礁的自然恢复过程及其

依赖的生命形式，可知，应当采用播放某些声音来吸引鱼的方法来恢复珊瑚礁。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places-the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish.”健康的珊瑚礁是非常吵杂的地方——虾的噼啪声和鱼的呼噜呼噜声，可知，引用Steve Simpson的话是为了解释采用这一新方法的原因。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played.”通过使用扩音器来模仿这些声音，人们发现部分死去的珊瑚礁比没有声音的地方能吸引两倍多的鱼，可推知这一新方法初步取得了成功。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching their arms, but most of us could barely focus. As I was burning off last night's wrong decision—a big meal, I spotted a poster about a gym's 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warm-up. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change.

It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions wouldn't be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn't disturb my normal routine. Instead, I had to be faced with the tough work of being more creative in my spare time, thus breaking some bad habits.

Overcoming weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that "wanting" and "doing" are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that's hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I overcame that negative thought and kept working out.

At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of accomplishment, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn't. I felt my waist got smaller and my arms got stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink.

（1）What was the author's wrong decision?

A. Going to the gym early.

B. Training for a marathon.

C. Eating a lot the previous night.

D. Stopping being lazy for a change.

（2）What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A.Some of the author's bad habits.

B.Some ways of the author's killing his spare time.

C.The importance of sticking to the normal daily routine.

D.The difficulty of the author's keeping on with the workout plan.

（3）What does the underlined word "sabotage" in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Prevent.

B.Hear.

C.Improve.

D.Distinguish.

（4）What did the author learn from the workout challenge?

A.Eating healthy food is more important than exercising.

B.Overcoming a challenge could bring good feelings to him.

C.It's more important to see what he likes than just feel it.

D.There was no need to feel guilty about things he disliked to do.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一张宣传健身锻炼的海报让作者开始马拉松的热身。虽然三个星期的锻炼计划和饮食限制是很难坚持的，但是作者坚持每天锻炼。最后，锻炼给作者带来了好心情。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“As I was burning off last night's wrong decision—a big meal, I spotted a poster about a gym's 21-day workout challenge”可知，昨晚我做了一个错误的决定：吃了一顿大餐。因此作者的错误决定是前一天晚上吃得很多。故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommende d exercise routines and diet restrictions wouldn't be easy.”可知，将承诺写在纸上是很容易的，但是坚持三个星期的锻炼和饮食限制并不容易。因此该段的主要内容是作者坚持锻炼计划的困难。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising.”中的and前后两句是承接关系，and前面说的是“在这21天里，我经常告诉自己，挑战是没有意义的。” 由“However, finally I overcame that negative thought and kept working out.”可知，然而我终于克服了这种消极的想法继续锻炼。however前后的内容是转折关系。因此可以推断出and后面的内容是“不想再锻炼下去”，故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段的“At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter …I felt a sense of accomplishment…I felt my waist got smaller and my arms got stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after ha ving a piece of cake or a drink.”可知，在锻炼的最后我头痛少了，精力充沛了，而且更快乐。我甚至觉得自己更聪明了也有一种成就感，我觉得我的腰变小了，胳膊变壮了，吃了一块蛋糕或一杯饮料后，我不再感到内疚。因此作者感受到了克服运动挑战能给他带来好心情。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.

Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appealed on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”

Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock（股票）drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test — preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income,

（1）What can we learn about the New England Courant?

A. It is mainly about the stock market.

B. It carries articles by political leaders.

C. It marks the beginning of newspapers.

D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.（2）What can we infer about the newspaper editors?

A. They often accept readers' suggestions.

B. They caw a lot about each other's health.

C. They stop doing business with advertisers.

D. They face great difficulties in their business.（3）Which of the following found a new way for its development?

A. the Washington Post.

B. The Guardian.

C. The New York Tinier.

D. New England Courant.

（4）How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers”?

A. Satisfied.

B. Hopeful.

C. Surprised.

D. Worried.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother,

started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》。故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

When it comes to gifts, it's not easy to shop for someone when you're not sure what they're into. Thankfully, Crate and Barrel's sister store —the modern, fancy version —CB2 has a gift collection that is just as beautiful as it is practical. They're known for their modern designs. We've edited a list of some of our favorite gift ideas from CB2 so you'll know just what to get.

Galactic Jewelry Box ($21)

This jewelry box is not only a place to store your jewels, but it looks like one itself. “Designed by UK-based Seascape Curiosities, the jewelry box brings deep space to your room. Open storage space lined with light grey cotton velvet holds most-precious possessions,” CB2 states. The best part? It's under $25.

Flamingo Catchall ($29.95)

Designed by the British fashion designer Matthew Williamson, this flamingo catchall is a pop of color in every room and offers a secure place to store some of your favorite rings, earrings, or little items. Not only is it an awesome addition to just about any home, it's also a great conversation starter at dinner parties.

Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball ($49)

It's a great gift for the man in your life who loves sports. Crafted with design and function in mind, handmade activity ball (think of it as a smaller basketball) stands up to years of play and even gets better looking with age. It's a super addition to any bookshelf.

Black Nickel Cocktail Shaker ($24.95)

This cocktail shaker starts off with a smoky black finish and fades into grey. It's fashionable, functional, and — above all — easy to clean.

（1）Which of the following gifts would you like to choose if your brother loves football?

A. Galactic Jewelry Box.

B. Flamingo Catchall.

C. Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball.

D. Black Nickel Cocktail Shaker.

（2）What can we learn about the four gifts?

A. Galactic Jewelry Box is easy to clean.

B. Flamingo Catchall can inspire people to start a topic.

C. Made by hand, Leather Activity Ball is fragile.

D. Black Nickel Cocktail Shaker is the cheapest.

（3）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To advertise gifts from CB2.

B. To explain the functions of gifts.

C. To sell products created by CB2.

D. To strike a deal on fashion design.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了CB2的礼物。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball ($49)部分中的“It's a great gift for the man in your life who loves sports. Crafted with design and function in mind, handmade activity ball (think of it as a smaller basketball) stands up to years of play and even gets better looking with age.”可知，如果我的兄弟喜欢足球，我会选择Heritage Navy Leather Activity Ball 作为礼物。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Flamingo Catchall ($29.95)部分中的“Not only is it an awesome addition to ju st about any home, it's also a great conversation starter at dinner parties.”可知，Flamingo Catchall能鼓励人们开始一个谈话话题。故选B。

（3）考查目的意图。根据第一段中的“We've edited a list of some of our favorite gift ideas from CB2 so you'll know just what to get.”可知，本文是为了宣传CB2的礼物。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和目的意图两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生准确掌握细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Youth football team members rescued more than two weeks after sudden flooding trapped them in a cave in Thailand are now being well looked after at a hospital in the northern city of Chiang Rai. In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for symptoms of diseases that may have been infected by animals living in the cave.

"The next step is to make sure those kids and their families are safe, because living in a cave provides a different environment, which might contain animals that could transmit…disease," said the local hospital. The boys and their family members have been told to watch for symptoms such as headache, nausea(反胃), muscle pain or difficulty breathing, the reports added.

Yet based on the location where the boys were trapped—more than four kilometers from the cave complex's main entrance, past some fully submerged passages—and the fact they have been

swimming out wearing full scuba face masks, it seems unlikely that they were living with bats in the cave or breathed in bat-associated bacteria during their rescue, several infectious disease experts said. "It's hard to imagine bats got that deep into the cave because of all those narrow passageways, but it is possible," says Ian Lipkin, an animal expert and professor at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University. "It's unlikely that there would be many animals in there," notes Jonathan Epstein, a doctor at EcoHealth Alliance, a nonprofit organization that studies diseases and how to prevent them. Bats typically like to rest in areas they can easily enter and exit, not in places that fully flood, he adds.

Bats in Thailand have been linked with a wide range of viruses that are similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)—Lipkin says. But it seems more likely the boys would have been exposed to infection-causing bacteria when they swam through the dirty water with cuts and scrapes. "If you are trying to prioritize issues with respect to health care for these kids, number one would be psychological damage and second will be bacterial infections from the cuts and scrapes they may have encountered." Lipkin says.

（1）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the potential symptom of the rescued team members?

A. Lacking body water

B. Unbalanced nutrition

C. Pain in the head and muscles

D. Adequate oxygen

（2）The underlined word "submerged" in paragraph 3 means ____________.

A. under the water

B. wild and dangerous

C. with animals

D. bat-associated （3）Which is true about the caves and the trapped people?

A. Jonathan Epstein thought it possible for the team members to be attacked by bats in the fully-flooded cave.

B. Lipkin argued bats were not able to get deep into the narrow cave where the kids were trapped.

C. Lipkin said the victims might be infected when their body were exposed to bacterial water during the rescue.

D. Lipkin believed the most important issue for the cave-trapped teenagers was infectious bacteria examination.

（4）What is the text type of the passage?

A. An academic essay about bats.

B. A newspaper article.

C. A medical magazine.

D. A Thai website about sports.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了突然爆发的洪水把一支泰国少年足球队困在山洞达两周多，之后全部获救，正在北部城市清雷的一家医院接受良好的治疗。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for symptoms of diseases that may have been infected by animals living in the cave.”除了治疗男孩潜在的体液流失，营养不足和缺乏氧气，他们的医生还计划密切监测他们可能被洞穴里的动物感染的疾病症状，D项是足够的氧气，可知选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“more than four kilometers from the cave complex's ma in entrance, past some fully submerged passages”离山洞的主要入口不止四公里，经过一些完全淹没的通道，可知submerged识“淹没”之意，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ "If you are trying to prioritize issues with respect to health care for these kids, number one would be psychological damage and second will be bacterial infections from the cuts and scrapes they may have encountered”如果你想优先考虑这些孩子的健康问题，第一是心理伤害，其次是他们可能遇到的伤口和擦伤引起的细菌感染，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，这是一篇新闻报道，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生在准确掌握细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Take advantage of this offer to stay in the middle of the magic and save up to 25 % on rooms at select Disney Resort hotels. Valid for stays most nights from May 28 through August 31. Book through July 14 this year.

Seeking a new adventure at Walt Disney World Resort? Be among the first to visit Pandora—The World of Avatar. This new land is set to open on May 27 at Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park. Experience its grandness--and the great pleasure that lies within all 4 parks—when you create a vacation package by adding theme park tickets to this room offer.

This special offer is valid for the Disney Resort hotels listed below. View the chart for a breakdown of savings within each Resort category.

Summer Expedition Offer

Resort Category Resort Savings

Select Disney Delux(豪华的)Villa Resort Hotels Save up to 25%

Select Disney Deluxe Resort Hotels Save up to 25%

Select Disney Moderate Resort Hotels Save up to 25%

Select Disney Value Resort Hotels Save up to 25%

Savings based on the non-discounted price of the same room. Length of stay requirements may apply. Moderate and Deluxe suites may be available at a less discount.

To book by phone, call (407)939-1852 and speak with a personal vacation advisor or call your travel agent.

Important Details

Additional per adult charges may apply if more than 2 adults per room at Disney Value, Moderate and Deluxe Resorts.

Guests under age 18 must have parent or guardian permission to call,

（1）When can a visitor book a discounted hotel?

A. On July 14.

B. On July 30.

C. On August 31.

D. On October 1.

（2）What can we learn about Pandora?

A. It is a shooting place for Avatar.

B. It is dangerous to visit alone.

C. It can be visited before May 27.

D. It belongs to Animal Kingdom theme park.

（3）What should a visitor aged 15 do to book a discounted room?

A. Come on the spot.

B. Book on his own.

C. Turn to his parent.

D. Choose to book online.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在华特迪士尼世界度假村游玩和住宿的一些情况和优惠政策。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Take advantage of this offer to stay in the middle of the magic and save up to 25 % on rooms at select Disney Resort hotels.”和“Book through July 14 this year.”可知游客可以在7月14日订购到打折的旅馆，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ Be among the first to visit Pandora- The world of avatar. This new land is set to open on May 27 at Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park. 可知 Pandora 在Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park中,故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Guests under age 18 must have parent or guardian permission to call”可知18岁以下的游客必须有家长和监护人的许可，所以15岁的孩子应该由父母预定打折房间。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too––– that's why it made Nov 16th “International Day for Tolerance”.

But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other's fool–––that is the first law of nature.”

Very often, people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.

It's worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.

Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that

we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.

（1）What's th e purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance”?

A. To arouse people's awareness of tolerance among people.

B. To celebrate the founding of the UN.

C. To solve the problem of global warming.

D. To change peopled opinion towards globalization.

（2）Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?

A. Because men don't realize the purpose of the UN.

B. Because men are physically stronger than women.

C. Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women.

D. Because men are not willing to understand women.

（3）Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”?

A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.

B. Because they don't express the exact meaning people refer to.

C. Because they can't be translated into other languages.

D. Because they can't be used in a respectful way.

（4）In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”?

A. Humans are advised to treat others better.

B. Humans leant to find faults in others.

C. Humans need to give something to others.

D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。

（1）考查推理判断题。根据第一段二、三两句“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that's why it made Nov 16th 'International Day for Tolerance'.”可推断，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故答案选A。

（2）考查推理判断题。根据第三段尾句“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故答案选D。

（3）考查推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后三句“Are they the best words to descr ibe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be 'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.”可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，因此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的

意思。故答案选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容有点像慷慨。故答案选C。

【点评】本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。

10．阅读理解

Learning, Fast and Deep

Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.

The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.

That is changing.

Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks.

To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. "No. Greek. Letters," Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.

Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping,

instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.

（1）What can we learn about deep learning?

A. It replaces artificial intelligence.

B. It attracts rock stars to practice.

C. It scans patterns for large companies.

D. It helps technicians to create software.

（2）Fast. ai is an organization that .

A. ensures one to obtain a PhD

B. teaches craft in ivory tower

C. offers a course in deep learning

D. requires weeks to apply

（3）The underlined words "No. Greek. Letters"in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is .

A. easy

B. difficult

C. interesting

D. boring

（4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .

A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence

B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems

C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping

D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学

家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patt erns…build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据

并从中寻找模式的"深度学习"被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、Facebook和谷歌愿意开出

六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位

于旧金山的非营利性教育机构fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast.

ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He says school mathematics is sufficie nt.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为

此，他和数学家雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了fast.ai，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习

这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明fast.ai的课程很简单，仅需要中学

数学知识。因此霍华德说"No. Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习

课程很简单。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the

de velopment of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍

华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让AI软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。

由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。