专转本英语基础测试题

2014年江苏省专转本英语模拟题

Part I Reading Comprehension (共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)

Directions：There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves, nor is it foreign to any.

This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of

a country’s coast) the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the

strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.

After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.

All of the sea’s rules are established by international conferences and treaties.

1. The id ea that the sea “belongs equally to all” was established

by ________.

A) an unwritten agreement C) an international conference

B) a U.S. Supreme Court decision D) a written treaty

2. The fundamental rule of the sea means that ________.

A) any powerful nation may control the sea

B) any area of the sea belongs to the nation close to it

C) no one has exclusive rights to the open sea

D) no nation has any sea rights

3. Territorial waters are those waters that ________.

A) nations acquire through use C) border a nation’s coast

B) nations share by agreement D) belong equally to all nations

4. The Americans claimed the seals because ________.

A) the seals came to American shores

B) the sealers were in American territorial waters

C) the United States had purchased all the waters off Alaska

D) there were no regulations for sealing

5. International arbitrators decided that ________.

A) Canada had no sealing rights off Alaska

B) the Canadians could hunt the seals

C) the United States could claim the seals

D) the United States could not hunt the seals

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.

After-sales service and guarantee become an integral and essential part of a “good brand” on bot h local and regional levels, and the provision of such service also produces solid ground for customer loyalty.

Customer today are a lot more demanding than before. Being able to find after-sales service creates a feeling of convenience and a sense of responsibility from the manufacturer. This is very important to build customer loyalty and explains why more 24-hour hotline centers are available nowadays.

Product guarantee is also one of the major factors when a potential customer decides

to make a purchase. Whether this be in the form of a written guarantee or a guarantee based

on reputation, the importance to the consumer is self-evident. A brand’s research and development, an unavoidable investment, usually back up safety guarantees for marketers nowadays. Product testing and refinement are conducted for both new and existing products. With the help of computerized machinery, quality control has achieved the highest level than ever before to enable consistency in production. For the consumer this means a quality

of guarantee for that brand whether it be available at home or abroad.

6. After-sales services and guarantee can provide the customers with ____.

A) solid ground for loyalty C) a feeling of convenience

B) sense of responsibility D) sense of satisfaction

7. More 24-hour hotline centers appear because ____.

A) more companies have come to realize the importance of after-sales services

B) there are more customer complaints

C) it’s a new type of investment

D) more customers demand that goods be delivered

8. Product guarantee ____.

A) must be in written form

B) can be based on the company’s reputation

C) is not often provided by the companies

D) often fails to meet in reality

9. Product testing and refinement are conducted for ____.

A) only new products C) degraded products

B) quality products D) both new and existing products

10. Which is not mentioned in the introduction to product guarantee?

A) A brand’s research and development.C) Quality control.

B) Product testing and refinement. D) Product distribution.

Passage Three

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

The golden rule your parents and your kindergarden teacher taught you was pretty simple: “Do unto others as you’d have others do unto you.” Imagine how you’d feel if you

were in the other person’s shoes. Stand up for yourself, but try not to hurt people’s feelings.

In cyberspace, we state this in an even more basic manner: Remember the human. When you communicate ele ctronically, all you see is a computer screen. You don’t have

the opportunity to use facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice to communicate your meaning; words －lonely written words －are all you’ve got. And that goes for your correspondent as well.

When you’re holding a conversation online －whether it’s an email exchange or a response to a discussion group posting －it’s easy to misinterpret your correspondent’s meaning. And it’s frighteningly easy to forget that your correspondent is a perso n with feelings more or less like your own.

It’s ironic, really. Computer networks bring people together who’d otherwise never meet. But the impersonality of the medium changes that meeting to something less personal. Humans exchanging email often behave the way some people behind the wheel of a car do:

They curse at other drivers, make dirty gestures, and generally behave like savages. Most of

them would never act that way at work or at home. But the interposition of the machine seems to make it acceptable.

11. The golden rule tells us ____.

A) one should not force others to do what he doesn’t want to do

B) one can do the same thing that others do

C) we should not fight with each other

D) we should cooperate with each other

12. In electronic communication, all one needs is ____.

A) gestures B) sounds C) words D) pens

13. One of the disadvantages of talking online is ____.

A) it makes you unable to see each other

B) you may forget the feelings that the other has

C) it does harm to your eyes

D) you cannot talk very long time

14. According to the passage, computer networks ____.

A) shorten the distance between people C) enable us to make more friends

B) make the meetings less personal D) enable us to hold meeting online

15. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.

A) having online meeting is like driving a car

B) online meeting is very effective

C) drivers are usually very rude and impolite

D) people tend to behave rudely online

Passage Four

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun. The sun heats and feeds mankind. Each year it provides men with two hundred million tons of

grain and nearly ten million tons of wood.

Coal, oil, natural gas, and all other fuels are stored-up energy from the sun. Some was collected by this season’s plants as carbon compounds. Some was stored by plants and trees

ages ago.

Even waterpower derives from the sun. Water turned into vapor by the sun falls as rain.

It courses down the mountains and is converted to electric power.

Light transmits only the energy that comes from the sun’s outer layers, and much of this energy that is directed toward the earth never arrives. About nine-tenths of it is

absorbed by the atmosphere of the earth. In fact, the earth itself gets only one half-billionth

of the sun’s entire output of radiant energy.

16. The sun is the source of all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) gasoline B) natural gas C) atomic energy D) green plants

17. Radiant energy is stored as carbon compounds by _______.

A) plants B) rain C) rock D) wind

18. The sun’s energy directly provides us with _________.

A) rain B) vapor C) light D) food

19. The largest part of the radiant energy directed toward the earth is _________.

A) stored by the current season’s plants

B) absorbed by the earth’s atmosphere

C) turned into fuel

D) used for electric power

20. Of the sun’s entire output of radiant energy, the earth receives ________.

A) one tenth

B) nine tenths

C) all that comes from the sun’s outer layers

D) a very small portion

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题，每小题1分，共40分)

Directions：There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence, there are 4 choices

marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

21. For serious study, a sociologist should not have a ________ against any society.

A) prejudice B) campaign C) gesture D) consciousness

22. Many people are ________ with the notion that a straight A student is the most prospective

worker in career.

A) imbued B) identified C) compensated D) distinguished

23. Bill had taken ________ transferring his house into his wife’s name before the company collapsed.

A) the risk of B) refuge in C) the precaution of D) stock of

24. To improve his oral English, he was advised to practise each day for a(n) _______ of thirty minutes.

A) obligation B) minimum C) mission D) multitude

25. Kids with sole parent are _______ to psychological problems because they tend to feel inferior to their peers.

A) prone B) accustomed C) bound D) sensible

26. S ince we can’t hear you at the back of the hall, you’ll have to ______ your voice.

A) rise B) arise C) arouse D) raise

27. The team’s cooperation during the match ________ the triumph in the season.

A) owes to B) contributes to C) awakens to D) attributes to

28. Do you agree that a ban on genetically modified (GM 转基因) crops would _______ growers from adopting biotechnology on their farms?

A) prompt B) obsess C) prelude D) terrify

29. The mind is an amazing and powerful tool with ________ potential, capable of attaining levels of consciousness far beyond what many imagine.

A) countless B) numerous C) ultimate D) infinite

30. Modern civilization is the result of accumulated knowledge _________ to practical life.

A) adopted B) accepted C) applied D) approved

31. These children should be given _________ when the new day nursery is set up.

A) minority B) initiative C) priority D) prestige

32. The effects of the drought continue to affect many areas of the country and cereal (谷物) prices ________ in rural and urban markets.

A) diversify B) crash C) revive D) escalate

33. Do you think choosing and preparing for a career is of _______ importance to college students?

A) disastrous B) extreme C) excessive D) exact

34. Keeping employees focused and productive amid crisis is a difficult and sometimes impossible task when a large number of problems can _______ employees from the task at hand.

A) distract B) convert C) surpass D) shield

35. Peter got out of his car, still ________ at having spent an hour waiting for a parking place.

A)having been annoyed C) annoyed

B)to be annoyed D) annoying

36. ________, the investment in the stock market is more profitable then that of bonds and savings in the banks.

C)Before you know it C) By name

D)By origin D) In the long run

37. Her performance has by far surpassed ________ a boss may expect of a secretary.

A) that B) which C) what D) where

38. At the sight of the ____ picture, the child had a ____ look on her face.

E)mo ving … surprised C) moved … surprised

F)moving … surprising D) moved …surprising

39. Remember that you won’t be able to cancel the contract ______ you have signed it.

A) until B) once C) because D) unless

40. Only after the visitors had left _______ the opportunity of reading his e-mail messages.

G)he did have B) did he have C) had he had D) he had had

41. If the world is to remain peaceful, the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local ________.

A) precautions B) conflicts C) boundaries D) discriminations

42. It’s hard to_______ the idea that the company will go from bankrupt to profitable and prosperous before long.

A) contemplate B) qualify C) propose D) escalate

43. Both sides exchanged their views on a wide _______of issues they were interested in at the meeting.

A) context B) venture C) extent D) range

44. Anesthetics (麻醉剂) makes the patient unconscious of pain and thus gives the surgeon time to perform the operation _______.

A) skillfully B) properly C) patiently D) leisurely

45. He believed that he was _______ in a situation from which escape was out of the question.

A) initiated B) reflected C) imbued D) involved

46. The Nobel Prize winner admitted being _______ when he found that he had been awarded.

A) surpassed B) overwhelmed C) prejudiced D) simplified

47. So far as is known, the original manuscripts (手稿) of Shakespeare’s plays are no longer in _______.

A) succession B) existence C) departure D) orientation

48. They did not return to the village until they were ______ that the danger was over.

A) convinced B) alarmed C) obsessed D) precluded

49. They are very concerned about the ______ effects that violent films may have on children.

A) domestic B) desperate C) destructive D) emotional

50. _______ the enormous flow of food from the entire globe, these countries have for many years not felt any population pressure.

A) In line with B) By means of C) Thanks to D) With regard to

51. It is generally agreed that textile industry used to _______ greatly to the economy of our city.

A) attribute B) stimulate C) lead D) contribute

52. The professor is doing an important research. He doesn’t want anybody to _______ him.

A) disturb B) annoy C) disqualify D) distinguish

53. Not being able to pass his mathematics exam proved an _______ to his career.

A) obstacle B) emphasis C) extension D) experience

54. The city is planning a public _______ to awaken people to the problem of noise pollution.

A) impulse B) regulation C) administration D) campaign

55. Although he is in perfect health, he has decided to take some medicine with him on the tour as

a _______.

A) protection B) prevention C) precaution D) prediction

56. Many researchers have found that people with high achievement need persist even in the face of failure, ______ people with low need tend to give up easily.

A) whereas B) instead C) however D) thus

57. ________ he really hopes for as a birthday present is a walkman.

A) All what B) That what C) What D) That

58. The workers were sure that the factory would make some profit _______ properly.

A) they managed B) if managed C) to manage D) when managing

59. The reason why Mr. Green’s house always looks new is because they ________ every year.

A) had it painted B) have it painted C) have it paint D) had it paint

60. I have two brothers but ________ of them likes sweets.

A) both B) all C) either D) neither

Part III Cloze (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)

Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits in the context. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

One of the first principles of effective communication is that a good speaker should have a single, controlling thought on which all other remarks are __61__. If a piece of merchandise (商品) __62__ unsatisfactory and you want your money refunded (退还), come __63__ and say so. If you are confused and need help from others, __64__ them know in plain words. If you appreciate the friendship of someone, make your feelings __65__. When you express your __66__ in a brief, clear core statement, you will be __67__ in two ways. First, you’ll be misunderstood less often; second, people will be more __68__ to take you seriously.

There are at least two common reasons for __69__ to make a clear core statement. The most common one is embarrassment. Many times you might be reluctant to express just what is on your mind for fear it won’t be appreciated or __70__. People often fail to complain about poor service for fear __71__ being judged “touchy.” Others fail to express appreciation or affection __72__ it might not be reciprocated (回应). Sometimes you might be reluctant to express an __73__ for fear someone would disagree. __74__ than speaking out in situations like these, the usual alternative is to send the message indirectly.

A second reason for failing to make a clear core statement is that we often don’t know ourselves what is __75__ on our minds. Precisely what __76__ you about a neighbor’s behavior? Exactly what is wrong with the merchandise you have recently bought, and what do you want to do __77__ it? Just what do you appreciate __78__ another person? What are your opinions, and __79__ did you reach them, and how do they __80__ from the other ideas you have heard expressed?

61. A) based B) fixed C) developed D) stuck

62. A) turns B) proves C) shows D) results

63. A) out B) along C) on D) round

64. A) have B) let C) make D) allow

65. A) real B) vague C) clear D) indirect

66. A) senses B) hearts C) brains D) thoughts

67. A) rewarded B) harvested C) profited D) achieved

68. A) possible B) likely C) proper D) adequate

69. A) avoiding B) expecting C) failing D) having

70. A) greeted B) admitted C) received D) accepted

71. A) in B) about C) of D) to

72. A) because B) though C) when D) unless

73. A) advice B) opinion C) explanation D) interest

74. A) Rather B) More C) Instead D) None

75. A) just B) exactly C) only D) later

76. A) worries B) confuses C) bothers D) interrupts

77. A) on B) for C) about D) at

78. A) about B) for C) to D) with

79. A) what B) why C) whether D) how

80. A) differ B) range C) change D) shift

Part IV Translation (共35分)

Section A (共5小题，每小题4分，共20分)

Directions：Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.

81. All of the sea’s rules are established by international conferences and treaties. (Passage One)

82. Customer today are a lot more demanding than before. (Paasage Two)

83. When you communicate electronically, all you see is a computer screen. (Passage Three)

84. All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun. (Passage Four)

85. Coal, oil, natural gas, and all other fuels are stored-up energy from the sun. (Passage Four)

Section B (共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)

Directions：Translate the following sentences into English.

86.尽管很忙，他每天至少花两小时上网(surf the Internet)，了解这个领域的最新动态。(even though)

87.随着电子邮件的广泛应用，垃圾邮件(spam / junk email)问题已引起人们的极大关注。

(issue /problem, draw much concern)

88. 不论理由是什么，反正我喜欢流行音乐。(whatever)

89. 我已经把我的简历和附函传真给了那家公司，但尚未收到回复。(resume, cover letter, fax)

90. 她终于来到电话亭，投入硬币后便开始拨打巴黎。(finally, dial)

Part V Writing (15分)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay with the title“The Benefits of Children on Net”. You are required to write at least 120 words, following the outline given below:

1. getting a lot of information

2. communicating with other people and making friends

3. enjoy a lot of entertainment

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