【河北工业大学2012年考研专业课真题】热力学与统计物理2012

2012年考研英语及答案解析1

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2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题及答案

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题 Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries。 His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe。 GI .joe had a career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyleportrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles wereor what towns were captured or liberated, His reportsthe “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both menthe dirt and exhaustion of war, the of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,the most important person in their lives。 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted 17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired 18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea 19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond

河北工业大学中国近现代史纲要课试题及答案

《中国近现代史纲要》试题（三） 一。单项选择题（20小题，共20分） 1. 《辛丑条约》签订后，中国完全陷入半殖民地半封建社会的深渊，这主要是指（ ） A 、中国自给自足的自然经济完全解体 B 、帝国主义直接控制清政府的内政外交 C 、赔款数额巨大，清经济被帝国主义完全控制 D 、清政府完全成为列强的侵华工具 2. 所谓“国中之国”是指（ ） A 、帝国主义在华的势力范围 B 、帝国主义强迫我国开放的通商口岸 C 、租借地 D 、帝国主义强迫清政府割让的土地 3. 中国的关税权自主权开始遭到破坏是在哪个条约（ ） A 、《北京条约》 B 、《天津条约》 C 、《马关条约》 D 、《南京条约》 4. 造成太平天国与古代农民起义有新的不同特点的主要原因是 （ ） A 、领导阶级不同 B 、组成成分不同 C 、指挥思想不同 D 、所处时代不同 5. 鸦片战争以后，一股“向西方学习”的新思想萌发，其主要目的是：（ ） A 、重新认识世界，寻求强国御侮之道 B 、学习西方先进技术，发展资本主义经济 C 、了解西方国家，与之建立平等的外交关系 D 、学习西方的先进的政治制度，进行社会改革 6. 对洋务派兴办洋务事业的指导思想最先作出比较完整表述的是（ ） A 、冯桂芬 B 、李鸿章 C 、林则徐 D 、魏源 7 ．三民主义要解决的主要问题是（ ） A ．中华民族和帝国主义的矛盾 B ．封建主义和人民大众的矛盾 C ．民族资产阶级和满洲贵族的矛盾 D ．革命派和立宪派的矛盾 8 ．对“民权主义”理解正确的是（ ） A ．推翻清王朝的封建专制统治 B ．进行政治革命，推翻封建帝制，建立资产阶级共和国 C ．平均地权、核定地价 D ．打击帝国主义在华势力 9．武昌起义的主力是（ ） A ．同盟会会员

2012年考研英语二真题及解析

2012年考研英语(二)真题试题及答案 Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted

2012年考研英语试题及答案

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1 its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be 4 as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not 5 by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself 6 to the code of conduct that 7 to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases 8 the question of whether there is still a 9 between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law 10 having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions 11 they would be free to 12 those in power and have no need to 13 political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely 14 . Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social 15 like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it 16 is inescapably political—which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily 17 as unjust. The justices must 18 doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves 19 to the code of conduct. That would make ruling more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, 20 , convincing as law. 1. [A] emphasize [B] maintain [C] modify [D] recognize 2. [A] when [B] lest [C] before [D] unless 3. [A] restored [B] weakened [C] established [D] eliminated 4. [A] challenged [B] compromised [C] suspected [D] accepted 5. [A] advanced [B] caught [C] bound [D] founded 6. [A] resistant [B] subject [C] immune [D] prone 7. [A] resorts [B] sticks [C] loads [D] applies 8. [A] evade [B] raise [C] deny [D] settle 9. [A] line [B] barrier [C] similarity [D] conflict 10. [A] by [B] as [C] though [D] towards 11. [A] so [B] since [C] provided [D] though 12. [A] serve [B] satisfy [C] upset [D] replace 13. [A] confirm [B] express [C] cultivate [D] offer 14. [A] guarded [B] followed [C] studied [D] tied 15. [A] concepts [B] theories [C] divisions [D] conceptions 16. [A] excludes [B] questions [C] shapes [D] controls

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案详解

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案详解Section I Use of English 1.【答案】B 【解析】从空后的句子“他们解放的人们”可以看出，空前的句子表示的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人。只有serve有“服兵役”的意思，所以选B。其他都不符合题意。 2.【答案】B 【解析】空内信息应该是与hero“英雄”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人(common man)成长为英雄，所以选B。 3.【答案】A 【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系，承担战争带来的负担，应该用动词bear或shoulder，所以这里选A，bore。 4.【答案】A 【解析】necessities表示“生活必需品”，空外信息food和shelter(食物和住宿)这些就是维持生存最起码的条件。Facilities是设备设施，commodities商品，properties财产，均不符合题意。 5.【答案】C 【解析】not…but，“不是，而是”表转折，不是自愿兵，也没有高的报酬，而是一个普通人。所以选C。 6.【答案】D 【解析】这道题主要考查介词的搭配。根据up______(the best trained, bestequipped, fiercest, most brutal).enemies可以知道是起来反抗敌人，所以选D选项against。 7.【答案】C 【解析】GI。在军事上是Government Issue 的缩略语，所以，GL。这个符号就是象征着这个全称Government Issue。选C。 8.【答案】A 【解析】该句意思为，GI。这个符号出现在给士兵分发的所有物品上，hand out “分发，发放”符合题意。Turn over “移交”，bring back“带回”，pass down“传承，一代一代传下来”在句意上都说不通。 9.【答案】C 【解析】空所在句子的语境为：Joe是个普通名词，一个从未爬到社会顶层的人的名字。Manage表示再怎么经过努力，最终也未获得成功，所以选C。 10.【答案】B 【解析】结合第9题的分析可知，空所在句子实际上是进一步举例说明Joe没有取得大的成就：从来都不曾出现叫做Joe的总统、副总统、国务卿。根据句意只能选never，B。 11.【答案】D 【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在的语境为：GI .Joe有_ _ 的军旅生涯，曾和德国，美国以及韩国的军队作战。由此语境确定选D，其他几项均不符合题意。 12.【答案】B 【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在语境为：他身上体现着美国人的某些特色，或身上结合了美国人的诸多特性。结合语境，可知作者想表达在他身上有很多美国人的典型特色，因而选B。 13.【答案】C 【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在语境为：Pyle _ _ 的士兵也本色出演了该片。结合上句对Ernie Pyle的介绍，可知为一战地记者(warcorrespondent)，确定答案C。

2012考研英语二真题及答案

2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语二试题 National Entrance Test of English Ⅱ for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM) Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points) Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American military adventurism, but that?s not how it used to be. To the men and women who 1 in World WarⅡand the people they liberated, the GI. was the 2 man grown into hero, the poor farm kid torn away from his home, the guy who 3 all the burdens of battle, who slept in cold foxholes, who went without the 4 of food and shelter, who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder. This was not a volunteer soldier, not someone well paid, 5 an average guy up 6 the best trained, best equipped, fiercest, most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name isn't much. GI. is just a military abbreviation 7 .Government Issue, and it was on all of the articles 8 to soldiers. And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9 it to the top. Joe Blow, Joe Palooka. Joe Magrac...a working class name. The United States has 10 had a president or vice-president or secretary of state Joe. G.I. Joe had a 11 career fighting German, Japanese, and Korean troops. He appears as a character. or a 12 of American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of G.I. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Emie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle 13 portrayed themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the 14 side of the war, writing about the dirt-snow-and-mud soldiers not how many miles were 15 or what towns were captured or liberated. His reports 16 the “Willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men 17 the dirt and exhaustion of war, the 18 of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. 19 Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier, 20 the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B] served [C] rebelled [D] betrayed 2.[A] actual [B] common [C] special [D] normal 3.[A] bore [B] cased [C] removed [D] loaded 4.[A] necessities [B] facilities [C] commodities [D] properties 5.[A] and [B] nor [C] but [D] hence 6.[A] for [B] into [C] form [D] against 7.[A] meaning [B] implying [C] symbolizing [D] claiming 8.[A] handed out [B] turn over [C] brought back [D] passed down 9.[A] pushed [B] got [C] made [D] managed

河北工业大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析

河北工业大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析Passage1 When families gather for Christmas dinner,some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma's generation.Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver,and the dress code will be Sunday-best. But in many other homes,this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware(粗陶)-and-stainless informality,with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look.For hosts and guests,the change means greater simplicity and comfort.For makers of fine china in Britain,it spells economic hard times. Last week Royal Doulton,the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating1,000jobs-one-fifth of its total workforce.That brings to more than4,000the number of positions lost in18months in the pottery region.Wedgwood and other pottery Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi factories made cuts earlier. Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing,the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts.A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”toward casual dining.Families eat together less often,he explained,and more

2012年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题(完整版)及参考答案

Section ⅠUse of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points） ①The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. ②The court cannot 1 its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justices behave like politicians. ③Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court’s reputation for being independent and 69 impartial. ④Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. ⑤That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be 4 as impartial judgments. ⑥Part of the problem is that the justices are not 5 by an ethics code. ⑦At the very least, the court should make itself 6 to the code of conduct that 7 to the rest of the federal judiciary. ⑧This and other similar cases 8 the question of whether there is still a 9 between the court and politics. ⑨The framers of the Constitution envisioned law 10 having authority apart from politics. ⑩They gave justices permanent positions 11 they would be free to 12 those in power and have no need to 13 political support. ?Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely 14 . ?Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social 15 like liberty and property. ?When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it 16 is

2012年考研英语一真题及答案完整解析(1)

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一） The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust. The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D] eliminated 4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted