2015下笔译复习资料

2015年下半年笔译复习资料

1、我们目前正处于美中经济伙伴关系中的一个转折点。

We are at a turning point in the U.S.-China economic partnership.

2、经济全球化所带来的不仅有发展机遇，也有严峻的挑战。

Economic globalization brings not only opportunities for development but also challenges.

3、当今时代，国际形势正在发生深刻、复杂的调整和变化。

Right now, profound and complex adjustment and changes are taking place around the globe.

4、面对国际金融危机和欧债危机的蔓延、发展，关键是把我们自己的事情办好。In the face of deepening international financial crisis and the European debt crisis, it is most important that we run our own affairs well.

5 、中国商务部新闻发言人对此表示，TPP是当前亚太地区重要的自贸协定之一。According to the spokesman of the Minister of Commerce of China, TPP is one of the important free trade agreements in the Asian-Pacific Region。（TPP是Trans -Pacific Partnership Agreement的缩写即跨太平洋伙伴关系协议，也被称作“经济北约"。）

6、中方对符合世界贸易组织规则、有助于促进亚太区域经济一体化的制度建设均持开放态度，希望TPP与本地区其他自由贸易协定相互促进，共同为亚太地区的贸易投资和经济发展作出贡献。

China has an open attitude to all institutional constructions which conform to the WTO rules and help to promote the Asian-Pacific regional economic integration. The country hopes that TPP and other free trade agreements in the Asian-Pacific Region will promote each other and make joint contribution to the trade investment and economic development of the region.

7、苏州市著名的文化名城和国家重点风景旅游城市。

Suzhou is a well-known city with a long history and rich culture as well as a tourist city of national importance.

8、栈桥是青岛的标志性建筑，始建于1892年，被誉为青岛十景之一。Zhanqiao Pier was built in 1892, it is a landmark structure in Qingdao and one of the city’s ten major scenic spots.

9、颐和园整体布局恢宏富丽，主要由万寿山、昆明湖构成，其中水面占四分之三，是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的皇家园林。

With a splendid and gorgeous layout, the Summer Palace is the best preserved and largest imperial garden in China, consisting of Mount Wanshou and the Kunming Lake, with three quarters of its area made up of water.

10、山东简称鲁，因处于太行山之东而称“山东”，位于中国东部沿海，地处黄河下游，全省包括半岛和内陆两部分。

Abbreviated as “Lu”, Shandong (literally “east of the mountain”) province is so named because it is located to the east of the Taihang Mountains. Situated on the coastland of East China and in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, it includes the peninsula and the inland territory.

11、山东属于季风气候，春季干旱多风；夏季炎热多雨；秋季天高气爽；冬季干

燥寒冷。

Shandong has a monsoon climate, dry and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, cool and clear in autumn, and dry and cold in winter.

12、成都是中国的历史文化名城，不仅有美丽的风景、数不清的文物古迹，还有数不清的美食、泡不完的茶馆，可谓休闲之都，自古以来就有着“天府之国”的美誉。

Chengdu, a historical and cultural city in China, enjoys wonderful scenery as well as countless relics, cousins and teahouses. As a city for relaxation, it has been renowned as “Land of Abundance”.

13、吸引外商投资是中国对外开放基本国策的重要内容，是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，是建设有中国特色社会主义经济的伟大实践。

China’s absorption of foreign investment is an important content of China’s fundamental principle of opening up to the outside world, and also an important component of Deng Xiaoping Theory, and is one of the great practices of building up socialist economy with Chinese characteristics.

14、世界银行报告指出，全球贫困率稳步下降，中国和印度取得的减贫成就在其中发挥了重要作用。

According to a report from the World Bank, the poverty reduction effort of China and India is playing an important role in the increase of the poverty rate of the world. 15、发展中国家与转型国家依然是推动世界经济增长的引擎，但是2012－2013年与2010和2011年相比，这些国家的增长速度大大降低。

Developing countries and economies in transition continue to stoke the engine of the world economy, but their growth in 2012-2013 was well below the pace achieved in 2010 and 2011.

16、从2011年第二季度开始，大多数发展中国家与转型国家的经济增长开始显著放缓。在主要的发展中国家中，中国与印度的增长保持稳健，巴西与墨西哥遭受更明显的经济放缓。

From the second quarter of 2011, economic growth in most developing countries and economies in transition started to slow notably. Among the major developing countries, growth in China and India remains robust and Brazil and Mexico suffer a more visible economic slowdown.

17、世界银行的一份声明显示，贫困人口的持续减少主要是因为发展中国家强劲的经济增长和各国在教育、医疗、社会福利等方面加大了投入。

According to a declaration of the World Bank, the decrease of the poor population is attributed to the rapid economic growth of developing countries and the increase of all countries’input in education, medical care, and social welfare.

18、有专家指出，应该把绿色金融要素融入到“一带一路”的投资中去，这是沿线国家可持续发展的要求，也是中国投资机构的长期利益所在。

According to some experts, green finance should be integrated into the “Belt and Road” investment, which will benefit the development of the countries along the Belt and Road and conform to the interest of China’s investment institutions.

19、绿色金融意味着，要对该项目可能对环境和社会的影响进行综合评估，并且利用金融杠杆促进该项目在环境保护以及社会和谐发展方面发挥积极作用；相关金融机构和投资企业应充分披露环境信息等。

Green finance means that comprehensive assessment will be made on a project’s possible influence on the environment and society; that financial leverage will be used to enhance the role of the project in environmental protection and social harmony; and that financial institutions and investment companies should disclose enough information about environment.

20、Xiaomi is one of the fastest-growing tech companies in the world. It’s the sixth largest handset maker on earth and No. 3 in China, behind Samsung Electronics and Lenovo Group, according to a research firm.

小米是世界上成长最快的科技公司之一。一家研究公司的数据显示，小米是全球第6大手机制造商，中国第3大手机制造商，仅次于三星电子和联想集团。21、This unique tour invites you to discover different places in the area: well-known locations and unexpected sites, through the local vineyards, the lush mountains overlooking the area, quays lined with flowers and urban districts.

这一独特的游览项目将吸引您游览该地区的不同地点：欣赏著名的景点和神圣的遗迹，穿越当地的葡萄园，眺望苍翠的群山，漫步鲜花环绕的码头和市区。22、Cultural highlights, romantic natural beauty, relaxing wellness worlds and exciting research stations are strung like a row of pearls.

文化亮点、浪漫的自然美景、休闲保健区和激动人心的研究站连在一起，宛如一串璀璨的珍珠。

23、Another financial benefit of a reduced or eliminated mortgage is that this can provide a cushion from declines in housing prices, should the home need to be sold in the future because of an unexpected move such as to a nursing home or an assisted living facility.

如果未来在没有预期的情况下前往养老院或护理中心从而需要出售房屋，减少或消除抵押的另一个财务效益在于，可以为房价下跌提供一个缓冲。

24、The US economy is going to enjoy steady growth for the remainder of the year with unemployment rate lowered and inflation kept under control.

在今年剩下的这段日子里，美国经济将有稳定的发展，失业率下降，通货膨胀得到控制。

25、America has the most appealing investment environment in the world, with the largest consumer market, an educated workforce, strong intellectual-property protections and open capital markets.

美国具有世界上最具吸引力的投资环境。它拥有最大的消费市场、受过教育的劳动力、强有力的知识产权保护和开发的资本市场。

26、The United States is confronted by many economic problems-for example, inflation, unemployment, pollution, poverty, declining productivity, and rapidly increasing energy costs.

美国正面临许多经济问题，譬如通货膨胀、失业、污染、贫困、生产力下降、能源消耗加速等。

27、Advertising developed in eight principal media. Perhaps the most basic was the newspaper, offering advertisers large circulations, a readership located close to the advertiser’s place of business, and the opportunity to alter their advertisements on frequent and regular basis.

广告投放的媒体主要有八种，最基本的一种可能非报纸莫属。它不仅发行量巨大，

而且读者群也临近广告商开展业务的区域，同时广告商也能经常定期地调整广告内容。

28、Savings provides one way to take care of financial losses. But savings are not he answer to large losses. The best way to guard against large financial losses is through insurance.

储蓄是防止经济损失的一种方法，但却不能防止重大的经济损失。购买保险才是防止重大经济损失的上策。

一、

货款支付在国际贸易中较之国内贸易中更为复杂。国际贸易最普遍采用的货款支付方式是信用证（缩写为L/C），这种支付方式对买卖双方来说，既安全又可靠。信用证有多种形式，如不可撤销的跟单信用证、循环信用证、备用信用证等。跟单信用证的有关参与方有：开证申请人（进口商或买方）、开证行、通知行、保兑行（如果需要保兑的话）、指定的付款行以及受益人（卖方或出口商）。

Payment in international trade is much more complicated than that in domestic trade. The most generally used method of payment in financing international trade is the Letter of Credit (abbreviated to L/C), which is reliable and safe for both sellers and buyers. There are various types of L/C, including irrevocable documentary credit, revolving credit, standby credit and so on. The parties concerning a documentary credit are: the applicant (importer or buyer), the negotiating bank, the advising bank, the confirming bank (if any), the nominated paying bank and the beneficiary (seller or exporter).

二、

要看到，中国还是一个发展中国家，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。和平是中国发展的基础条件，改革开放和人民对幸福美好生活的追求是发展的最大动力。中国城乡和区域发展空间广阔，国内需求潜力巨大。以中高速再发展一、二十年，中国的面貌就会持续改善，也会给世界带来更多发展机遇。

中国经济要行稳致远，必须全面深化改革。用好政府和市场这“两只手”，形成“双引擎”。一方面要使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，培育打造新引擎；另一方面要更好发挥政府作用，改造升级传统引擎。

It must be pointed out that China is still a developing country and still has a long way to go before achieving modernization. While peace is the basic condition for China's development, reform and opening-up along with its people's desire for a happy life constitute the strongest impetus propelling development. The space of development in China's rural and urban areas and various regions is enormous, and the country's domestic demand will simply generate great potential of growth. Development at medium-to-high speed for another ten to twenty years will bring even bigger changes to China and create more development opportunities for the world.

To ensure long-term and steady growth of the Chinese economy, China needs to comprehensively deepen reforms. China also needs to properly use both the hand of the government and the hand of the market, and rely on both the traditional and new engines of growth. China will let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation to foster a new engine of growth. At the same time, China will also give better scope to the role of the government to transform and upgrade the traditional engine of growth.

三、

改革开放30年来，中国的国民经济保持了稳定高速增长。国内生产总值年均增长9.3﹪,比改革开放前30年的年均增长速度高3.2个百分点。与上个世纪90年代世界经济2.5﹪的增长速度相比，显得更加突出。中国的增长速度明显增强。2008年的国内生产总值超过13万亿元，比1990年增长近两倍，排名世界第三，发展中国家第一。不少重要产品产量跃居世界首位。外汇储备1989年只有55.5亿美元，2008年底已增加到1.95万亿美元，跃居世界第一位。粮食储备创历史最高水平。经济运行的质量和效益不断提高。企业进行了全面的技术改造。2008年每万元国内生产总值消耗的能源比1990年下降73.7﹪.几年已有35家大公司进入世界500强。教育事业达到前所未有的发展，国民素质普遍提高。财政收入大幅度增加，2008年达到61316.9亿元。

译文

During the last 3o years of reform and opening to the global markets, China’s national economy has maintained a steady and rapid growth .GDP increased by 9.7 percent on an annual basis , which is 3.2﹪points higher than the average annual growth rate in the 30 years prior to reform .The growth rate is more astounding when compared with global economic growth of only 2.5﹪in the 1990s.China’s economic strength has increased significantly .In 2008,GDP totaled over 13,000 billion Yuan, up nearly 200﹪since 1990,ranking first among developing countries and third worldwide.

China is ranking at or near the top in many important economic measures. China’s foreign exchange reserves soared from US＄55.5 billion by the end of 2008 ,ranking first worldwide .grain reserves also hit an all-time high .The quality and efficiency of economic performance have improved steadily .Chinese enterprises have undertaken complete technological renovation .From 1990 to 2008 ,the energy consumption for 10,000 Yuan worth of GDP dropped by 73.3﹪. 35 large Chinese companies have entered the ranks of the global top 500 this year. With a renewed focus on education and unprecedented development of the educational system .Chinese peoples’ quality has improved dramatically. Revenue has also gained sharp increases, reaching 6131.69 billion Yuan in 2008.

四、

Set up as a cooperative institution, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) requires its members to allow their currency to be exchanged for foreign currencies freely and without restriction, to keep the IMF informed of changes in their financial and monetary policies that will affect fellow members' economies, and to modify these policies on the advice of the IMF to accommodate the needs of the entire membership. To help nations abide by its code of conduct, the IMF administers a pool of money from which members can borrow when they are in trouble. The IMF is not, however, primarily a lending institution as is the World Bank. It is first and foremost an overseer of its members’ monetary and exchange rate policies an d a guardian of the code of conduct.

Committed to the orderly and stable growth of the world economy, the IMF receives frequent reports on members’economic policies and prospects. It communicates these policies and prospects to the entire membership so that other

members may respond in full knowledge of the facts and a clear understanding of how their own domestic policies may affect other countries. The IMF is convinced that a fundamental condition for international prosperity is an orderly monetary system that will encourage trade, create jobs, expand economic activity, and raise living standards throughout the world. By its constitution the IMF is required to oversee and maintain this system, no more and no less.

作为一家合作机构而创立的国际货币基金组织（IMF）要求其成员允许自己的货币可以不受限制地自由兑换成外币，各成员应将自己可能影响其他成员经济的财政和货币政策通知给国际货币基金组织，并根据国际货币基金组织的建议对这些政策进行调整以适应全体成员的需要。为帮助各国遵守国际货币基金组织的规范，国际货币基金组织管理着一个资金库，其成员在遇到困难时可以从该资金库借钱。不过，国际货币基金组织并不是世界银行这样的借贷机构，而首先是各成员的货币和汇率政策的监督者及其自身规范的捍卫者。

致力于世界经济有序稳定增长的国际货币基金组织经常收到有关其成员经济政策和预期的报告。国际货币基金组织会将这些政策和预期通报给全体成员，以便其他成员可以在充分了解事实并明确理解自己国内政策可能会对其他国家造成何种影响的情况下采取对策。国际货币基金组织坚信，世界繁荣的一个基本条件是有序的货币体系，这将在全球范围内促进贸易、创造就业、扩大经济活动、提升生活标准。根据其章程，国际货币基金组织需要恰当地监督并维护这一体系。

五、

In retrospect, some of the emerging world’s economic record-breaking was remarkable. One performance-enhancer was China’s appetite for raw materials, which created a commodity boom that supercharged many emerging markets. As that boom subsides, Russia’s dependence on oil and gas makes it particularly vulnerable. Another drug was domestic credit, in particular in Brazil, Turkey and Eastern Europe.

A new period of impressive growth is possible, but it depends on policies that will make emerging markets fit for the long run. Here the signs are troubling. In Russia, where the priority should be diversification away from excessive dependence on oil and gas, President Vladimir Putin has proposed a round of social spending that in six years could cost 8% of GDP. India has an eye-watering deficit of 9% of GDP, yet Pranab Mukherjee(普拉纳布?慕克吉), the recently departed finance minister and soon-to-be anointed president, failed to tackle fuel subsidies that cost 0.8% of GDP. It makes sense to invest some of the fruits of growth in a better safety net for those left behind; it makes no sense to then delay, as India and to some extent Brazil have done, the investment in power and transport infrastructure that is a prerequisite for future growth.

Sadly, many emerging-world governments have interpreted the crisis in rich-world finance as a reason to preserve a more muscular role for the state. China has reserved some sectors for state-owned enterprises. In Brazil the big state-controlled oil company, Petrobras(巴西石油), and the state-controlled banks have become virtual appendages of government policy. Having so much leverage over the economy is indeed helpful during a crisis, but in the long run it will stifle competition, starve the private sector of capital, deter foreign investment and know-how, and breed corruption.

When the dust settles, emerging markets will still be growing faster than they did

before 2003. But getting back up to the speed of the past decade will mean maintaining the macroeconomic discipline and returning to the microeconomic reforms that made it possible in the first place.

回首过去，新兴国家所创造的经济记录引人注目。提振新兴国家状况的因素之一是中国对于原材料的强劲需求。这种需求刺激了大宗商品市场的繁荣，大大振兴了多个新兴市场。随着这种繁荣趋于平息，俄罗斯对于石油和天然气的依赖性便使得该国经济极为脆弱。而另一剂良药就是国内信贷，在巴西、土耳其和东欧尤其如此。

新一轮快速增长还是有可能的，但这要看能否找到使新兴市场长期健康的政策。但目前的迹象让人不安。俄罗斯的首要任务应该是使其经济从对石油和天然气的过度依赖性转变到经济多样化上来，其总统普京提出一轮为期六年的社会开支计划，支出规模达到GDP的8％，印度的赤字惨不忍睹，占GDP的9％，而最近卸任财政部部长之职、接受未来总统提名的普拉纳布?慕克吉却未能解决占GDP0.8％的燃油补贴问题。将部分经济发展的成果投入到完善保障体系以支持落后地区，这是正确的做法：然而，如果走过去的老路或者如巴西某些方面的所为，将对能源和交通方面基础设施的投入延后，这不是好办法，因为这种投资是未来增长的先决条件。

不幸的是，许多新兴国家政府把发达国家的金融危机理解成让政府维持强势角色的理由。中国将一些行业留给了国有企业。在巴西，大型国家控股石油公司巴西石油以及国家控股银行实际上已经成了政府政策的附属品。在危机时期，政府对经济的如此控制的确是有益的，但从长远来看，这将会扼杀竞争、导致私营部门萎缩、阻碍外国投资及技术引进并滋生腐败。

形势明朗之后，新兴市场仍将继续发展，增速将比2003年以前更快。但若想恢复到过去十年的发展速度，首先需要达成必要条件——在继续秉持宏观经济准则的同时重新开始微观经济改革。