最全初中英语语法之-被动语态
初中英语被动语态复习
一、被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
如：
He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）
The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：
2、被动语态的句式变化：
以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：
3、含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：
Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
三、主动语态变为被动语态
转换图示：
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：
注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：
Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom.
（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意：
They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.
他们昨天开会了。
（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。
注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。
He sang a song. →A song was sung by him.
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
四．被动语态的基本用法
1.需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。
Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away.
阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。
2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，应使用被动语态。
He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War.
他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。
The problem has to be dealt with right now.
这个问题必须马上处理。
3.当说话人需要强调客观时，用被动语态。
It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃.
据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。
It is hoped that they will be successful.
希望她们会获得成功。
特别记住：这一类用法的句型还有：
It is believed that... 据信，大家相信
It is known that... 众所周知
It is supposed that... 大家认为
It is suggested that... 据建议，有人建议
It must be remembered that... 务必记住
It is taken for granted that... ……被认为理所当然
五、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。
My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。
The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。
A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。
The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
6．过去完成时(had been+done)
They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
六、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：
1、系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意
常见的系动词有：
①be动词
②……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste
e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible.
③(逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go
e.g. His wish has come true.
People often went hungry in the old days.
The tree is growing tall.
④保持：keep, stay
e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.
2、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take
3、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock,wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
○1、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。
An accident happened yesterday.
○2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
○3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
○4、This book sells well.这本书畅销。
○5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。
○6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。
○7、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。
○8、The door won’t close/shut. 这门关不上。
○9、The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。
○10、This material wears well (won’t wear). 这种材料耐久（不耐久）
七．含有双宾语的句子的被动语态
有一些动词如give, buy等，后面常跟两个宾语--直接宾语和间接宾语；通常直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人；指物或指人的宾语都可以作为被动句子的主语。例如：例：①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book.
→I was given a book by her.
→A book was given to me by her.
②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me.
→I was bought a MP3 by my father.
→A MP3 was bought for me by my father.
将这些带双宾语的动词背下来：
1.动词后加to的：
give 给show 给……看send 寄bring 带……pass 递给……lend……借给leave 留给……hand…… 交给tell 告诉return 归还write 写给……throw 扔……promise 答应refuse 拒绝……
2.动词后加for的：
pay 付钱给……，buy 买，sing 给……唱歌，make 制，做，do 做，get 得到
注意：所有要求不定式作宾语补足语而不带to的动词，包括感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, look at, listen to及使役动词make, let, have和动词help,在变为被动语态
时，还要把to加上。
例如：
I saw him(宾) enter the Room 102(宾补).
He was seen(谓语)to enter the Room 102(宾补).
我看见他进入102室。(他被看见进入了102室。)
被动语态专项练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed
B. should be read
C. must read
D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked
B. looked after
C. were looked after
D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen
B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened
D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen
B. did, happen
C. is, happen
D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss
B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed
D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded
B. was built
C. builds
D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up
B. have been set up
C. were set up
D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished
B. have finished
C. had been finished
D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown
B. is…grew
C. was…grew
D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised
B. praises
C. have been praised
D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened
B. take, are open
C. are taken, open
D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken
C. was taken
D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired
D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown
B. showed
C. have shown
D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out
B. had been broken out
C. was broken out
D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).
A. is heated
B. heating
C. has heated
D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked
B. locks
C. is locked
D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work
B. are made to work
C. made to be worked
D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled
B. fill
C. full
D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up
B. is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing
B. is, sung
C. will, sing
D. was, sung
22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean
B. have cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found
B. was, founded
C. did, found
D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended
B. has mended
C. was mended
D. mended
25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in
B. must hand in
C. handed in
D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted
B. plant
C. are planted
D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen
B. can't see
C. can't be seen
D. doesn't see
28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on
B. will be put on
C. is going to put on
D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened
B. has been happened
C. happened
D. was going to happen
30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken
B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke
D. has been broken, broken
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
More exercises:
1
( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.
A. found
B. was founded
C. is founded
D. was found
( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.
A. speaks
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is spoken
( )3 This English song___ by the girls after class.
A. often sings
B. often sang
C. is often sang
D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used
B. are using
C. are used
D. have used
2
( ) 1 Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep
B. be kept
C. to be kept
D. to keep
( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat. -I'm sorry. ___.
A. it sold
B. it's selling
C. It's been sold
D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building
B. is being built
C. been built
D. be building ( ) 4 The key ___ on the table when I leave.
A. was left
B. will be left
C. is left
D. has been left
( ) 5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.
A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
( ) 6 His new book___ next month.
A. will be published
B. is publishing
C. is being published
D. has been published
3
( ) 1 Japanese ___ in every country.
A. is not spoken
B. are spoken
C. is speaking
D. is not speaking ( ) 2 These papers___yet.
A. have not written
B. have not been written
C. has not written
D. has not been written
( ) 3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.
A. didn't
B. won't
C. isn't
D. doesn't
4
( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.
A. Can't they be mended?
B. Let me have a look at it.
C. How much do they cost?
D. Can't they mended?
( ) 2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.
A. Does
B. Has
C. Is
D. Are
( ) 3 ___ these desks be needed?
A. Will
B. Are
C. Has
D. Do
5
( ) 1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?
A. didn't a meeting hold
B. wasn't a meeting held
C. wasn't held a meeting
D. a meeting wasn't held
( ) 2 Who was the book___?
A. write
B. wrote
C. written
D. written by
( ) 3 Where ___ these boxes made?
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. am
6
( ) 1 The flowers___often.
A. must be water
B. must be watered
C. must watered
D. must water ( ) 2 The books may___ for two weeks.
A. be kept
B. be borrowed
C. keep
D. borrow
( ) 3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.
A. can mend
B. can mended
C. can be mend
D. can be mended
7
( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.
A. is going to be rebuilt
B. will rebuilt
C. are going to be rebuilt
D. are going to rebuilt
( ) 2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.
A. is going to be shown
B. will shown
C. will show
D. is shown ( ) 3 The old stone bridge ___ next week.
A. is going to be rebuilt
B. will be rebuild
C. are going to be rebuilt
D. will rebuild
8
( ) 1 Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.
A. have kept
B. are keeping
C. have been keeping
D. have been kept ( ) 2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water.
A. used; keeping
B. was used; keeping
C. is used; to keep
D. are used; keep
( ) 3 Tea ___ in the south of China.
A. grows
B. is grown
C. were grown
D. will grow
( ) 4 The bridges___ two years ago.
WOW It's a Haidian top problem
A. is built
B. built
C. were built
D. was built
( ) 5 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather.
A. hang
B. hanged
C. hanging
D. hung
9
( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.
A. be stopped to throw
B. be stopped from throwing
C. stop to throw
D. stop from throwing
( ) 2 The teapot ___ water.
A. is filled with
B. filled of
C. fulling of
D. filled
( ) 3 Old people must be looked ^fter well and ___ politely.
A. speak to
B. spoken
C. speak
D. spoken to
( ) 4 Old people must ___.
A. look after well
B. be looked well after
C. looked well after
D. be looked after well
10
( ) 1 Newly-born babies___in hospital.
A. are taken good care
B. are taken good care of
C. take good care of
D. take good care
( ) 2 They were___ at the sudden noise.
A. frightening
B. frightened
C. frighten
D. frightens
( ) 3 These walls___stone.
A. are made of
B. made of u
C. are made into
D. made into
11
( ) 1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.
A. called
B. was asked
C. told
D. was said
( ) 2 The papers ___ to them.
A. were shown
B. show
C. shown /
D. have shown
( ) 3 The coat___her sister.
A. made to
B. were made for
C. was made for
D. was made to
12
( ) 1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.
A. gave
B. was giving
C. had given
D. was given
( ) 2 Good care____such things.
A. should take of
B. should be taken
C. should be taking
D. should be taken of
( ) 3 She will____good care____.
A. take; of
B. be taken; of
C. take; for you
D. be taken; of you
13
( ) 1 The teacher made him___ his homework.
A. to do
B. do
C. did
D. done
( ) 2 The boy___ streets without pay in the old days.
A. was made to clean
B. made clean
C. made to clean
D. was made clean
( ) 3 These children____dance.
A. were seen to
B. were seen for
C. were seen
D. saw to
14
( ) 1 These stones___well.
A. are fitted
B. fit
C. fits
D. is fitted
( ) 2 The bike ___ 500 yuan.
A. was cost
B. costed
C. cost
D. is costed
( ) 3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.
A. was'had
B. was held
C. held
D. had
15
( ) 1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.
A. took place
B. have taken place
C. were taking place
D. had taken place ( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it____.
A. was broken down
B. is wrong
C. is bad
D. has broken down
( ) 3 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.
A. have happened
B. happened
C. have been happened
D. were happened ( ) 4 The watch has often ___ down.
A. sat
B. lain
C. broken
D. fell
16
( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one___.
A. is broken
B. is breaking
C. broke
D. broken
( ) 2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.
A. are written
B. were written
C. are writing
D. were writing
( ) 3 What time ___ the door ___ every day?
A. does; closed
B. does; close
C. is; closed
D. /; close
17
( ) 1 Can he___himself?
A. get dress
B. get dressed
C. gets dressed
D. instead of ( ) 2 He fell from his bike and ___.
A. is hurt
B. gets hurt
C. got hurt
D. hurt
( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__
A. burnt
B. burn
C. burning
D. get burn
18
( ) 1 The apple___very sweet.
A. is tasted
B. taste -
C. tastes
D. are tasting
( ) 2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.
A. see
B. watch
C. look
D. look at
( ) 3 What you said ___. like a good idea.
A. heard
B. listened
C. sound
D. sounded
19
( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play?
-Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.
A. watching
B. watched
C. seen
D. seeing
( ) 2 How dirty the tables are! They need___.
A. to clean
B. clean
C. cleaning
D. cleaned
( ) 3 The book is worth ___.
A. seeing
B. reading
C. seen
D. read
参考答案：
1. 1-5 B D D D C
2. 1-6 B C B B C A
3. 1-3 A B B
4. 1-3 A B A
5. 1-3 B D B
6. 1-3 B A D
7. 1-3 A B A
8. 1-5 D B B C D
9. 1-4 B A D D
10. 1-3 B B A
11. 1-3 B A C
12. 1-3 D D B
13. 1-3 B A A
14. 1-4 B C B
15. 1-4 B D A C
16. 1-3 A B C
17. 1-3 B C D
18. 1-3 C C D
19. 1-3 A C B
1. I’ll be going to work on foot while my bicycle_____.
(a) is being repaired (b) is repaired
(c) will repaired (d) has been repaired
2. The radar sets _____ for a long time without any trouble.
(a) have been running (b) have been run
(c) have run (d) were running
3. While the ice box_____, a lot of defects were found.
(a) was being examined (b) was examined
(c) was examining (d) had been examined
4. Do you remember _____ to Dr. Henry during your last visit?
(a) to be introduced (b) being introduced
(c)having introduced (d) to have introduced
5. The book if worthy of_____.
(a) reading (b) read (c) having read (d) being read
6. I dislike _____ while try to learn skiing.
(a) being looked at (b) looking at
(c) to look at (d) having looked at
7. “Do you have any clothes _____ today?” my mother asked.
(a) to wash (b)be washed (c) wash (d) to be washed
8. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature_____.
(a) taking (b) to take (c) take (d) taken
9. Let teachers’ words_____.
(a) being remembered (b) remembering
(c) he remembered (d) remember
10. He has come to_____.
(a) checked his blood pressure (b) having his blood pressure checked (c) have his blood pressure checked (d) have checked his blood pressure
Keys:
1-5 A A A B D
6-10 A D D C C
1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is，built
B. Was , built
C. Does ; build D . Did ; build
2.An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened
B. was happened
C. is happened
D. happened
3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown
B. are grown
C. grows
D. grow
4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited
B. will be visited
C. has been visited
D. was visited
5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given
B. has been given
C. will be given
D. gives
6.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing
B. are being done
C. has been done
D. will be done
7.The doctor _____ for yet.
A. isn't sent
B. hasn't been sent
C. won't be sent
D. wasn't sent
8.--When ___ this kind of computers______?
--Last year.
A. did; use
B. was; used C .is; used D. are; used
9.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written
B. was; written by
C. did; written
D. was; written
10.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.
A. has asked to
B. was asked to
C. is asked
D. asks to
11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A. was told us
B. was told to us
C. is told us
D. told us
12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
A. jump
B. jumps
C. jumped
D. to jump
13.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after
B. must be looked after
C. must look after
D. looked after
14.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to
B. should be listen
C. be listened
D. is listened
15. In some part of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served
C. serves
D. served
16. It was reported that the murderer _______ arrested.
A. has been
B. had been
C. has
D. had
17. Do you think that the bridge ______ in a year?
A. would be completed
B. will be completed
C. had been completed
D. is being completed
18. Great changes _______ in China since the People’s Republic of China _______ in 1949.
A. have taken place; was founded
B. has taken place; was founded
C. have been taken place; founded
D. took place; founded
19.—Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?
—She has _______ by her classmates.
A. laughed
B. laughed at
C. been laughed
D. been laughed at
20. Doctors _______ in every part of the world.
A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
21. I promise that matter will _______.
A. be taken care
B. be taken care of
C. take care
D. take care of
22. No permission has ________ for anybody to enter the building.
A. been given
B. given
C. to give
D. be given
23. I _______ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
A. gave
B. was given
C. was giving
D. had given
24. Can such a thing _____ happening again?
A. prevent from
B. prevented from
C. be prevented from
D. to prevent from
25. A new house ________ at the corner of the road.
A. is building
B. is being built
C. been built
D. be building 26. This bike ________ last year.
A. bought
B. has been bought
C. was bought
D. had been bought 27. Did you see the house that _______ by fire last year?
A. was destroying
B. destroyed
C. would destroy
D. was destroyed
28. It _______ whether she will get her work in the hospital.
A. hasn’t been decided
B. isn’t deciding
C. doesn’t decide
D. hasn’t decided
29. The pen _______ me. It is hers.
A. isn’t belong to
B. wasn’t belong to
C. doesn’t belong to
D. didn’t belong to
30. I can’t use my bike because it _______.
A. is repairing
B. is being repaired
C. will repair
D. was repairing
31. The chairman told the speaker that she ______ to speak a little louder so as to make herself _____.
A. was expected; heard
B. had expected; hear
C. had hoped; hear
D. was hoped; heard
32．- The window is dirty.
— I know. It _____ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
33. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _______ in Beijing.
A. would be completed
B. was being completed
C. has been completed
D. had been completed
34.—How long _______ at this job?
—Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed D .will you be employed
35.—What happened to the priceless works of art?
—_______.
A. They were destroyed in the earthquake
B. The earthquake was destroying them
C. They destroyed in the earthquake
D. The earthquake destroyed them
36. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He ______ trying to save a child in the earthquake.
A. killed
B. is killed
C. was killed
D. was killing
37. Rainforests ______and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
38. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.
A. is changing
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. will change
39. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.
A. lose
B. will be lost
C. are lost
D. will lose
40. A new cinema _______ here. They hope to finish it next month.
A. will be built
B. is built
C. has been built
D. is being built
1. In some countries, tea ______ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served
C. serves
D. served
2. Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980.
A. have been taken place
B. took place
C. have taken place
D. were taken place
3. The new type of car is going to ______ in three years.
A. turn out
B. be turned out
C. has turned out
D. have been turned out
4. The woman murdered her friend and ______ to ______.
A. was sentenced, death
B. sentencing, die
C. sentenced, death
D. sentenced, die
5. －Do you like the skirt?
－It _______ soft.
A. is feeling
B. felt
C. feels
D. is felt
6. Are you still here? You were here an hour ago. Who ________ for?
A. are you waiting
B. did you wait
C. were you waiting
D. do you wait
7. _____ to know Professor Zhang.
A. He said
B. I said
C. He is said
D. It says
8. －I want to sit at the table near the window.
－Sorry , ______ already.
A. it took
B. it takes
C. it is taking
D. it has been taken
9. The letter _______ three days ago and it ______ yesterday.
A. had post, had arrived
B. was posted, arrived
C. posted, arrived
D. had been posted, was arrived
10. He told me that the final examination _______ next Thursday.
A. is given
B. will be given
C. would have given
D. would be given
11. Water ______ into ice.
A. will changed
B. must be changed
C. should change
D. can be changed
12. Plays ______ twice a month in that theatre.
A. put on
B. are put on
C. was put on
D. often put on
13. The birds _______ fly away last Saturday.
A. let to
B. is let to
C. was let
D. were let to
14. A strange sound ______ yesterday evening.
A. was heard
B. hears
C. heard
D. is heard
15. A beautiful bike _______ him by his classmates.
A. sent to
B. will sent to
C. was sent to
D. will be sent for
16. Miss Chen ______ just ______ to speak at the meeting.
A. has …been asked
B. has been …asked
C. Have been … asked
D. have …been asked
17. Meat _______ out in this shop. We can _________ now.
A. have been sold, get nothing
B. has been sold, get nothing
C. has been sold, get some
D. have been sold, get some
18. The new play _______ in theatre now. Why don’t you go in and see it?
A. is being shown
B. is showing
C. is shown
D. shows
19. Can you tell _______ ?
A. when did it happen
B. when was it happened
C. when it happened
D. when it was happened
20. ______ the job ______ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth, please.
A. Has … finished
B. Has …being finished
C. Is …finish
D. Has …been finished
二. 用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空
1. When _____ the first man-made satellite _______ （send）up into space?
2. Last year vegetables ______ （grow）in the garden by Tom and he ______ （sell）them himself.
3. She ______ （help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.
4. How many magazines ______ （can borrow）in your library every week ?
5. John ______ （hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.
6. －Who ______ （save）her father ?
－He ______ （save）by that policeman.
7. The doctor ______ （send for）because his grandpa was ill.
8. Mooncakes ______ （make）by his mother every year . ______ your mother _____
（make）moon cakes for you every year ?
9. Some toys ______ （buy）as a presents for these children last Monday.
10. _____ paper ______ （make）of wood ?
三. 用所给单词完成句子
1. 例句（the office / clean / yesterday ）The office was cleaned yesterday.
2. （the house / paint / last month）_________________________
3. （three people / injure / in the accident）_________________________
4. （my bicycle / steal / a few days ago）_________________________
5. （when / this bridge / build ? ）_________________________
6. （you / invite / to the party last week ? ）_________________________
7. （how / these windows / break ? ）_________________________
8. （I / not / wake up / by the noise ）_________________________
四. Correct these sentences. （改正下列句子）
1. This house built 100 years ago . ____________________
2. Football plays in most countries of the world. ____________________
3. Why did the letter send to the wrong address ? ____________________
初中英语语法大全
初中英语语法大全 名词 一名词的定义：表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。 二名词的分类： 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 注意 专有名词一般第一个字母要大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 名词的种类 注意 物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目来计算，称为不可数名词。不可数名词前不能加冠词a或an来表示量。 （三）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式： 1.单数 英语中，如果我们要表示一本书、一只鸟、一棵树等概念时，要用名词的单数
形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange （×）→ a new orange （○） 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk （×）→ an old desk （○） 一张旧课桌 关键字：初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前，如a book，a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前，如an egg，an apple。 注意 有时a，an后面紧接的不是单数名词，而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时，要看形容词开头字母的发音，而不是看名词。 2.复数
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态 概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成； 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化； 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗？ 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步： 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意：1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中一个宾语变 为主语，另一个不变；如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中，使役动词如make，let，have或感官动词如hear，watch，see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .
完整版初中英语语法大全知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
初中英语语法综合练习题
初中英语语法综合练习题 单项选择 1、The boy likes questions. A．ask B．answer C．to ask 2、We'll try there on time. % A．to get B．getting C．got 3、They hoped their mother soon. A．to see B．saw C．seeing 4、I'm glad you again. A．meet B．met C．to meet { 5、He often helps me my bike. A．mending B．to mend C．to mended 6、I heard Alice in the next door. ~ A．sings B．sang C．sing 7、The work is easy. Let him it by himself.
A．do B．to do C．doing 8、He saw Dick in and take a book away. A．came B．coming C．come 、 9、Does Jack want a writer A．be B．is C．to be 10、The boss had them from morning to night. A．worked B．working C．work 【 11、It's time home. A．to go B．went C．going 12、Tom is kind. He would like you. A．to help B．help C．helped 【 13、Don't forget your books to school. A．bring B．to bring C．brought
初中英语语法总结(完整)
英语时态讲解 【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下 英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 H e usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class.
我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。
最全初中英语语法之被动语态
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7、The work is easy. Let him it by himself. A．do B．to do C．doing 8、He saw Dick in and take a book away. A．came B．coming C．come 9、Does Jack want a writer? A．be B ．is C．to be 10、The boss had them from morning to night. A．worked B．working C．work 11、It's time home. A．to go B．went C．going 12、Tom is kind. He would like you. A．to help B．help C．helped 13、Don't forget your books to school.
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1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。H e usually goes to work at7 o’clock every morning、他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。W e are having English class、我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。T hey have lived in Beijing for five years、他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4、一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot、他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5、过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。B eijing was hosting the29th Olympic Games in August全文结束》》、在xx年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。
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1．There is ____ old woman in the car. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 2．We often go to the park ____ Sundays. A．on B．in C．at D．from 3．My book ____ on the desk. A．is B．am C．are D．be 4．Which language is ____ ，English, French or Chinese? A．difficult B．the difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 5．---- ____ book is this? ----It's Kate's. A．When B．Why C．Where D．Whose 6．----Can you write a letter in English? ----No, I ____. A．may not B．mustn't C．can't D．needn't 7．I ____ my homework when Mike came last night A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．have done 8．He began to ____ English three years ago. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．learning 9．Jim is a driver, ____ he? A．does B．doesn't C．is D．isn't 10．“What's wrong ____ you?”the doctor asked. A．from B．with C．for D．at 11．He is rich, ____ he isn't happy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 12．----Where is Alice? ----She ____ to the library. A．goes
最新初中英语语法知识—被动语态的知识点(1)
一、选择题 1．We' re proud that our school is________one of the best schools in our province. A．think to be B．thought to C．thought to be D．thought will be 2．—The 2022 Winter Olympic Games in China. —I’m sure it will be a great success. A．hold B．will hold C．were held D．will be held 3．When Tim ________ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A．was asked B．asked C．was asking D．is asked 4．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 5．More trees __________ on both sides of the road in our city this coming winter holidays. A．are planted B．were planted C．will be planted D．have been planted 6．Mike, you can go out if your homework ________. A．finish B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished 7．—Do you think the old machine is ____________， grandma? —Yes, it is _________for carrying water. A．use; using B．useful; used C．use; used D．useful; use 8．My book ___________ here in two days through the EMS. A．are sent B．is sent C．will be sent D．will send 9．When the new subway__________, it will take me less time to go to school every day. A．will finish B．is finished C．finished D．will be finished 10．—Are you really willing to do so much homework? —To tell you the truth, sometimes I ________ to do that, but I think it really helps me. A．force B．am forced C．forced D．was forced 11．This kind of iPad________ in our shop. It________very well and many young people like it. A．sells; sells B．is sold; sells C．sells; is sold D．is sold; is sold 12．—Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday? —Because I________. A．didn’t invite B．isn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．haven’t invited 13．My brother _____ to read by my mother when he was very young. A．teaches B．is taught C．was teaching D．was taught 14．—When can we go to watch the football match? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A．will be done B．has done C．is done D．does 15．（2017·河南·29）—Why are you leaving your job? —I can't stand it any longer. I ________ always ________ to work overtime. A．am；asking B．am；asked C．was；asking D．was；asked
初中英语语法大全(总结篇)
资料收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名