(完整word版)高中定语从句讲解与练习.docx
高中定语从句专项讲解与练习
定语从句专项讲解与练习
1、定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句需用下列关联词：关系代词和关系副词。它们起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语。
主要有 who, whom, that, whose, which, as, when, where, why。PS:what 不能引导定语从句 .指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.指物的关系代词有 which 、whose(=of which)、that.
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster
（.=The man who/whom/ that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster）. I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
2、掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：
1）指人时宜用 who 的情况：
a. 当先行词是 one, ones, anyone 或 those , these 时，关系代词用 who。
The comrade I want to learn from isthe one who studies hard and works hard. Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
Anyone who goes there will be punished.
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
b. 在 there be 开头的句子中。
There ’s abeautiful girl who came to see you this morning.
There is a student who wants to see you.
c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。
I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well.
d. 一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用 who，以免重复。
The student that won the first prize is the monitorwho works hards.
e. 在非限定性定语从句中。
She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago.
2) 指物时宜用that 的情况：
a. 当先行词为 all, none, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。
All that can be done has been done.
b.当先行词既指人又指物时。
He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad.
c. 当先行词是疑问词 who, what, which 时或者句子以疑问词 who , what , which 打头时。
Who that has such a home doesn’ t love it?
d. 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高
级修饰时。
This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.
This is the best that can be done now.
e.当先行词被 the very, the only, the last, the same , just, one of , any, every , few , little , no , all , one of 等修饰时。
This is one of the very book that I am looking for.
f.关系代词在从句中作表语。
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.
3)只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况。
a.引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。
Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.
Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.
b.关系代词作介词的宾语。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
c.that，those 作主语时
Those which are on the desk are English books.
4)关系代词 as 和 which 都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，
as 引导的从句可位于句首或句末， which 引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。Which you know, he is a good man. ( )×
As you know, he is a good man. (√ )
5)关系副词 when, where, why其含义相当于 on which, in which , for which 等，可以互换：
The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.
I don ’ t know the reason why /for which he didn’ t come.
6)whose指物时，可以与 of which 等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系：This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue.
7)有时可用 that 代替关系副词。在口语中常省略。
This is the reason (why / for which / that) he came late.
8)先行是有名、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物名，一般用非限定性定
从句修。
The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.
9)在先行和定从句之有无逗号有会引起名的化：
He said nothing that made her angry.他没使她生气的。
He said nothing, which made her angry.他一言不，使她很生气。
10)部分短中的介不可与拆开，在定从句中其介不可前置，只能放在其之后。
Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping ’s son.
11) 先行前有 such、the same、 as , 关系代用 as，不用 that, 但 the same?
as?表示同的 , the same ? that表示?同一的。
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
3、定从句与构
It is the place where they lived before.
It is in the place that they lived before.
第一个句子定从句，where 指代the place，在定从句中作状，第二个句子构， in the place, that没有意，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。
Where is it that he found the lost watch? ( 句型，疑副where.) Where is the watch he found yesterday?定(从句， that 指代 the watch.)
4、定从句中的先行
Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?
Is this the book that you bought yesterday?
第一个句子中， this book 是主句的主， the one是先行。在第二个句子中 this 是主句的主， the book 是先行。一定要避免出： Is this book that you
bought yesterday?
5、定从句与同位从句
定从句相当于形容，它先行起修、描述或限制作用，而同位从句相当于名，其前面的予明或作一步解，即明所表示的具体内容。例如：
The news that we heard is not true.定(从句 )
The news that he won the prize is not true.（同位从句）
另: 在“have no idea＋从句” 构中，其从句都作idea 的同位。例如：
I have no idea when she will be back.
6.限制性定从句与非限制性定从句的区：
All the students who study hard have passed.
学努力的学生都考及格了。 (只有努力的及格了，不努力的没及格。 )
All the students ,who study hard have passed.
所有的学生都及格了，他学努力。（没有人不及格，些学生都很努力。）
在限制性定从句中，从句是先行不可缺少的定（如去掉，主句意思就不
完整或不正确。）从句与主句关系密切，不用逗号。，从句在先行前，与先
行用“的” 接。
在非限制性定从句中，从句是先行的附加明（如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，
不受影响。）从句与主句关系不十分密切，用逗号与主句隔开。，从句放在
主句后面。
7.As 和 which 的辨析关系。
○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake任.何人都看得出来，象像条
蛇。
○2.Tom didn ’ t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry.
Tom 物理考不及格，使得他父很生气。
两个例句中， as 和 which 所代表的都是整个主句所表示的内容。但有两
点不同之：
a．在形式上as引的非限制性定从句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句
的前面；而which 引的非限制性定从句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句
的前面。
b．在意上， as 引的定从句和主句的关系一般一致关系，常“正如??”，“就像??”，而 which 引的定从句和主句的关系是因果关系，或 which 引的定
从句是主句的。因此，在意思通的情况下， which 可代替 as，而 as多候不
能代替 which，如句○2。
【当从句和主句一致，用as，反之用 which。
She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected】.
再如：
1)He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected,
he was late again.
正如我所料，他又到了。/他又到了是我早就料到的。
2)The street hasn ’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty. 街
道好多星期没有打了，因此整条街很。（不用 as）
3)The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful.
那年人了他朋友多，是不光彩的。（不用 as）
4)He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.
他每天运，他的身体很有好。（不用 as）
5)As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner.
正如已指出的那，英于初学者，是相当学的。
c . as在从句中作主，后面常接行的被，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行是主，一般要用which 作主。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
d.在 such ?as?、the same ?as?、 as?、 as many ?/much as ?等构
中,as不能用 which 代替。
1)Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 的于初学的人来
是太了。
=Books such as this are?
=Books like this are?
2)I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大楼里。
3)He knows as many people as are present at the meeting他.所有到会
的人。
4)That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我和平一，都起得很
早。
“One of the 复+数名”后面定从句中复数情况
8.“One of the +复数名”后面定从句中通常用复数形式，跟定从句所靠
近的那个复数名在数上保持一致。如：
1）That is one of the books that are required for study at school.
2）This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.
3）She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .
4）This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties, 如
果 one of + 复数名一构前面有 the only 、the very 之的限定
，后面定从句的要用数形式，是因定从句在意上
修饰的是 one 而不是那个复数名词。如：
1)He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.(修
饰 the only one)
He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.(修饰
the teachers)
2)This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. 修(饰 the only one)
This is one of the rooms that are free now.修(饰 rooms)
9.由关系副词 when, where, why 所引导的定语从句。
a. when 在从句中作时间状语 , 其先行词多为表示时间概念的名词。
We can never forget the day when HongKong returned to our homeland.
我们永远也不会忘记香港回归祖国的那一天。
b. where 在从句中作地点状语 , 其先行词多为表示地点概念的名词。
The building w here you used to live has been pulled down.
你过去住的楼房已经被拆除了。
c.why 在从句中作原因状语 , 其先行词多为表示原因概念的名词。
We know the reason why he was very angry.
我们知道他为什么那么生气。
This is the day when I joined the party/which he spent reading the books/which I still never forget.
This is the place which we once visited/which I will never forget/which I am looking for/where I found the book.
PS：关系代词与关系副词之间并非毫无关联，两者之间存在密切的联系。1). 很多情况下关系副词用“介词＋ which/whom ”来代替，其中的介词由先行词或定语从句中谓语动词的形式来决定，例如：
The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
=The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life. 见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。
I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.
=I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her.
我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。
This is a hall where the medical conference will be held.
= This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held. 这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。
2). 并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用 when或 where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用 which 或 that 引导相应的定语从句。
例如： Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school?你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？先行词 the days表时间，但
是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用 when 而
应该用 which 或 that。
3). that 有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词 when， where， why，且 that 常
可以省略。
例如： This is the time （ when/that） he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
10.考题训练。
［考题 1］ We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer.
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. when
［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词age，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副词when。
［考题 2］ The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far*9 鄄 away village.
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词hours，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副词when。
［考题 3］ It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. （2000 北京、安徽春）A. that B. while C. which D. when
［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行
词moment，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副
词 when。
［考题 4］ After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. （1996）
A. which
B. where
C. that
D. when
［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词town，其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where。
［考题 5］ We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ____ other visitors seldom go.（2002 北京）
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行
词 some other places，其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填
入关系副词 where。
［考题 6］ I walked in our garden, ____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （2005 辽宁）
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. that
［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词 garden 并
在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词 where。
［考题 7］ We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. （2006 山东）
A. where
B. that
C. when
D. which
［解析］point 可以理解成地点、位置，其后面的定语从句中缺少地点状语，因此下划线处只能填入引导词 where
［答案］ D C D B C C A
11.定语从句专项练习。
1、The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.
A．which B．with C．with it D．with which
2、The brave man,the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.
A．of whom B．by that C．by whom D．by which
3、The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see what it was going on inside the house.
A．on which B．at which C．through which D．in which
4、The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.
A．in which B．worn by C．through which D．on which
5、During the days, he worked as a servant at the Browns’.
A．that followed B．to follow
C．following D．followed
6、You may take anything useful.
A．which you want B．you want them
C．what you want D．you want
7、My hometown is no longer the same it used to be.
A．like B．that C．as D．which
8、The old woman has two sons, one is a teacher.
A．of who B．of whom C．of which D．of them
9、You can take any seat is free.
A．in which B．that C．where D．which
10、Is there anything to you?
A．that belong B．which belongs
C．that belongs D．that is belonged
11、We hope to get such a tool he is using.
A．where B．that C．as D．which
12、Finally came the day he had to begin his study for the next term.
A．till B．that C．since D．which
13、She hasn ’t got enough money she buys the rings.
A．for which B．with which C．that D．which
14、I ’ve read all the books were borrowed from the library.
A．they B．which C．/D．that
15、This is the best hotel in the city I know.
A．it B．where C．that D．which
16、Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?
A．it B．which C．/D．that
17、The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A．on which B．where C．in that D．during which
18、The train she was traveling was late
A．on that B．for which C．on which D．which
19、Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long.
A．on which B．that C．when D．where
20、I ’ll show you a store you may buy all you need.
A．that, that B．which, that C．where, which D．in which, / 21、I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress.
A．on which B．on that C．in which D．which
22、Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday ?
A．why B．which C．for that D．for why
23、Is some German friends visited last week ?
A．this school where B．this school one
C．this the school D．this school
24、Is there any one in your class family is in the city.
A．whose B．which C．who’s D．who
25、Can you lend me the book the other day ?
A．which you talked B．that you talked
C．about that you talked D．you talked about
26、This is one of the best films this year.
A．which has been shown B．that have been shown
C．that have shown D．have been shown
27、Do you know the man?
A．that I spoke B．I spoke to
C．to who I spoke D．whom I spoke
28、There are two thousand students in our school,are girls.
A．two-thirds in which B．two-thirds in them
C．two-thirds of them D．of whom two thirds
29、I have bought two ball-pens,writes well.
A．neither of them B．none of them
C．neither of which D．none of which
30、He built a telescope he could study the skies.
A．by it B．through which C．with that D．in which
31、Do you know the reason he was late?
A．for which B．for what C．which D．that
32、has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.
A．As B．That C．What D．Which
33、John got beaten in the game,had been expected.
A．who B．what C．that D．as
34、They’re invented me to their party,is kind of them.
A．this B．that C．which D．as
35、Crusoe ’s dog became illdandied,made him very lonely.
A．this B．that C．which D．as
36、There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities.
A．as B．where C．which D．that
37、I often thought of my childhood,I lived on a farm.
A．who B．when C．where D．which
38、Next month,you’ll be in your hometown, is coming.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
39、The next thing must be done is to make a plan.
A．which B．that C．when D．/
40、He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in
the school.
A．that B．when C．who D．which
Ⅱ、 Fill in the blanks ：
1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 .
2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized.
3、This is the boy father died three years ago.
4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.
5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting?
6、1949 is the year the People’s Republic of China was founded.
7、They work in a factory makes radio parts.
8、They work in a factory radio parts are made.
9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends.
10、Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends.
11、She lives in a small village,is only three miles from here.
12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai,she has some friends.
13、We’ll put off the meeting till next week,we won’t be so busy.
14、The sun gives the earth light and heat,is very important to the living things.
15、Those want to go to the computer room write your names here.
16、He was often late,made his teacher very angry.
17、Who is the person is standing at the gate?
18、He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.
Ⅲ、 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there are any:
1、He told us about the countries where he had visited.
2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.
3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life.
4、The days when we spent together cannot be easily forgotten.
5、The house stands at the place that the two roads meet.
6、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.
7、I know the reason that she looks so worried.
8、He left me the book, that is very useful for me.
9、This is the room which food is kept.
10、April 15, 1976 i s the day when we ’ll never forget.
11、The man came yesterday is our English teacher.
12、The students are playing football on the playground are of Class Two .
13、This is all which I can do for you.
14、Can you think of anyone who’s house was here?
15、The watch that Mother bought it for me works very well.
16、This is the only book that were borrowed from the library.
17、The day which she had to leave arrived at last.
18、The doctor whom they want to see have come.
19、Do you know the young man whom has been chosen chairman?
20、The park stands at the place that the two rivers meet.
21、A plane is a machine can fly.
22、It is one of the best pictures which have been sold.
23、Those that want to go put up your hands.
24、This is the knife with that the doctor did the operation.
25、Who is the man whom you said hello just now?
【定语从句专项练习参考答案】 :
Ⅰ、 1、D2、C3、C4、A5、A
6、D
7、C
8、B
9、D10、C
11、C12、B13、B14、D15、C
16、D17、D18、C19、C20、D
21、A22、A23、C24、A25、D
26、B27、B28、D29、C30、B
31、A32、A33、D34、C35、C
36、A37、B38、B39、B40、A
Ⅱ、 1、who / that2、which / that3、whose4、which / that
5、who / that
6、when
7、which / that
8、where
9、which10、whom11、which12、where
13、when14、which15、who16、which
17、that18、that
Ⅲ、 1、where—that2、where—which3、√
4、when—that / which
5、that—where
6、去掉 there
7、that—why8、that—which9、which—where
10、when—which / that 11、 man 后面加 who 12、students后面加who
13、which —that14、who’s—whose15、去掉 it
16、were—was17、which—when18、have—has 19、whom—who20、that—where
21、machine 后面加 which / that22、which —that 23、that—who24、that—which25、whom—that
英语高三《定语从句》专项练习含答案
题组一基础过关 I.单句语法填空 1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 2. Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be considered. 3. That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 4. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 5. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 6. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. II. 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking? 2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village. 4. Do you know the reason John is so angry? 5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting. 6. The reason he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense. 7. I still remember the night she left the house. 8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all. 10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 题组二能力提升 I．单项填空 ( ) 1.This year’s children’s party, ________ some parents were invited to, was a great success. A.which B.why C.whose D.where ( ) 2.The death of the closest relatives, ________ almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable. A.which B.who C.as D.the one ( ) 3.—Have you heard any news about Sarah? —Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, ________ surprised everyone.
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
高中定语从句详细讲解讲课教案
高中定语从句详细讲 解
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
定语从句讲解 一．基本介绍 ?功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 ?位置：被修饰词之后 ?先行词：被定语从句修饰的词 ?关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。 ?确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。 二．特殊用法
1.He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels______filled his bus. 2.The village is no longer the one ___it was five years ago. 5.Such books____you bought are useful. 2
3.Which are the books____you bought for me? 6.____ is known,the earth is round. 4.There is a room,_____window faces the river. 7.There is lots of air in loose snow,_____can keep the cold out. 3
高中定语从句练习（整理） 1. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the factory. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 2. We are going to spend this Spring Festival in Beijing, _____ live our grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 3. There are many areas in the world _____ lack experienced doctors. A. where B. in which C. which D. what 4. The years and months _____ we spent together are really wonderful to us all. A. when B. on which C. in which D. that 5. _____ has been described above, it is a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled. A. It B. As C. That D. Which 6. A. who’s B. which C. whose 7. Susan is not the brilliant writer _____ she used to be. D. this A. which B. that C. who D. whom 8. I, who _____ your friend, will try my best to help you. A. be B. am C. are D. is 9. The size of the audience, _____ we had expected, was well over 1600. A. as B. that C. which D. who 10. They have started an investigation, _____ are being kept secret. A. whose detail B. whose the details C. the details of which D. the detail of it 11. Have you ever asked him the reason _____ may explain his absence? A. why B. for which C. which D. what 12. There were two rooms in the beach house, _____ served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of them B. the smallest of which C. the smaller of which D. smallest of which 13. He imagined various ways _____ he could teach her how to learn English well. A. / B. that C. in which D. A , B & C 14. The speed _____ light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe. A. in which B. by which C. at which D. from which 15. Can you think out a situation _____ this idiom can be used? A. in which B. that C. where D. A & C 16. China has hundreds of islands, _____ is Taiwan. A. in which the largest B. its largest of which C. of which the largest D. which the largest 17. We ate in a luxurious restaurant but it wasn’t such a good dinner _____ she had promised us.
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
(完整word)高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解 一:定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中， who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” 关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom 非限制性定语从句 形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom 限制性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 非限制性定语从句举例： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。 三:关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
高中英语定语从句专项练习题
定语从句专项练习2018.1.16 1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2. Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3. This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5. That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10. The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14. I’m interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16. He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
高中英语定语从句 例句
高中英语定语从句练习 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
(新)高中定语从句要点讲解
定语从句三部曲 1. 找出先行词； 2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语， 状语； 3. 选择正确的关系词。 几个关系代词的基本用法 that that: 可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。 指人时，相当于who或whom； 指物时，相当于which A letter ________ is written in pencil is difficult to read. Do you know the gentleman _________spoke just now? What is the question ________they are talking about? Here is the man ______________you want to see. 只能用that 不能用which的情况 1.先行词为不定代词时：all, much, everything, anything, nothing, something, none, the one. 2.先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等修饰时； 3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时； 4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时； 5.先行词既有人又有物时； 6.先行词是数次时；(two, ten, a hundred) 7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复； 8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复； 9.主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词； 10.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n. /adj.; 主语+系动词+adj.) 即学即用 1. The writer and his novel ____ you have just talked about is really well known . 2. The most important thing ____ should be done right now is how to stop him from going on. 3. The last place ____ we visited was the chemical works. 4. There's nothing ____ can be said about it . 5. This is the third film ____ has been shown in our school this term. 1. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two ____are still alive.
高中英语定语从句精华版教学案
定语从句 思维导图 易考易错点总结 定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括： 1．考查如何正确选择关系词 解题思路：找出从句，确定被修饰词，即先行词→将先行词代入定语从句，判断先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分:若作主语、宾语、表语、定语，则选择关系代词；若作状语则选关系副词。 2．考查whose的用法 whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋of which＝of which＋名词。如：The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3．考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句 尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和that，what引导的主语从句的区别。4．考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。 如：I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 5．考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。 如：The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students. 同时还要注意包含复杂介词或代词短语的定语从句与并列句的区别。 如：(1)He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(定语从句) (2)He loves his parents deeply and both of them are very kind to him.(并列句)