外贸函电中常用的英语词汇

外贸函电中常用的英语词汇
外贸函电中常用的英语词汇

(1)贵函

Your letter; Your favour; your esteemed letter; Your esteemed favour; Your valued letter; Your valued favour; Your note; Your communication; Your greatly esteemed letter; Your very friendly note; Your friendly advice; Yours.

(2)本信,本函

Our (my) letter; Our (my) respects; Ours (mine); This letter; these lines; The present.

(3)前函

The last letter; The last mail; The last post; the last communication; The last respects(自己的信); The last favour(来信)

(4)次函

The next letter; The next mail; The next communication; The letter following; the following.

(5)贵函发出日期

Your letter of (the) 5th May; Your favour dated (the) 5th June; Yours of the 3rd July; Yours under date (of) the 5th July; Your letter bearing date 5th July; Your favour of even date(AE); Your letter of yesterday; Your favour of yesterday''s date; Your letter dated yesterday.

(6)贵方来电、电传及传真

Your telegram; Your wire; Your cablegram(从国外); Your coded wire(密码电报); Your code message; Your cipher telegram; Your wireless telegram; Your TELEX; Your Fax. (

(7)贵方电话

Your telephone message; Your phone message; Your telephonic communication; Your telephone call; Your ring.

(8)通知

(Noun) Advice; Notice; Information; Notification; Communication; A report; News; Intelligence; Message. (Verb)(通知,告知)To communicate (a fact) to; To report (a fact)

to...on; To apprise (a person) of; To let (a person) know; To acquaint (a person) with; To intimate (a fact) to; To send word; to send a message; To mail a notice; to write (a person) information; To give notice(预告); To break a news to(通知坏消息); To announce(宣布).

(9)回信

(Noun) An answer; A reply; A response. (Verb) To answer; To reply; To give a reply; To give one''s answer; To make an answer; To send an answer; To write in reply; To answer one''s letter. (特此回信)Reply to; Answering to; In answer to; In reply to; In response to. (等候回信)To await an answer; To wait for an answer. (收到回信)To get an answer; To favour one with an answer; To get a letter answered.

(10)收讫,收到

(Noun) Receipt(收到); A receipt(收据); A receiver(领取人,取款人); A recipient(收款人) (Verb) To receive; To be in receipt of; To be to (at) hand; To come to hand; To be in possesion of; To be favoured with; To get; To have; To have before (a person); To make out a receipt(开出收据); To acknowledge receipt(告知收讫).

(11)确认

To confirm; Confirming; Confirmation; In Confirmation of(为确认...,为证实...); A letter of confirmation(确认函或确认书)

(12)高兴,愉快,欣慰

To have the pleasure to do; To have the pleasure of doing; To have pleasure to do; to have pleasure in (of) doing; To take (a) pleasure in doing (something); To take pleasure in doing (something); To be pleased to (with)(by); to be delighted at (in)(with); To be glad to (of)(about); To be rejoiced in (at).

商务信函常用语大全

商务信函常用语大全 ● 敬上 谨致问候 Yours (very) truly, *用于商业。 谨致问候 Sincerely yours, *稍带亲近的感觉,用于商务信函或给朋友的信中。 谨致问候 Cordially, *稍带亲近的感觉,用于商务信函或给朋友的信中。 谨致问候 My best regards, *带有个人的语感,用在给朋友写信时。 谨致问候 With best regards, *带有个人的语感,用在给朋友写信时。 谨致问候 The very best to you, *带有个人的语感,用在给朋友写信时。 谨致问候 Best wishes, *带有个人的语感,用在给朋友写信时。 ●请求回函 如能尽早回复,我们将不胜感激。 We would appreciate an early reply. *比较直率的表达方式,要注意是发给谁的。 我们期待着您满意的回答。 We look forward to your favorable reply. *也可用于客人。favorable 表示“好意的,喜欢的”。 我们盼望着不久能听到您的回音。 We look forward to hearing from you soon. 如果就此事您能尽早回信的话,我们将衷心感谢。 Your prompt attention to this matter will be appreciated. *prompt “迅速的,敏捷

的”。 Your prompt attention in this matter will be appreciated. 回信请寄到上述地址。 Please write us at the above address. ●请多关照 我们希望您能…… We hope that you will... 在此方面如果能够得到您的合作我将非常感谢。 Your kind cooperation in this respect is greatly appreciated. Your kind cooperation on this issue is greatly appreciated. 我们希望能够继续得到你们的合作和支持。 We hope we can count on your continued cooperation and support. *只限用在对方比较熟悉的情况下。count on “指望”。 我们期待着您的…… We look forward to your... 我们确信我们的请求将…… We trust our request will... *trust 包含了hope(希望)和believe(相信)两个词的意义。 ●表明热情、诚意;要求合作 我们期待着当……的那一刻。 We are looking forward to the time when... 请您不必客气,尽管与我们联系。 Please do not hesitate to contact us. *hesitate “犹豫,踌躇”。 Please do not hesitate to call us. 我们渴望在……方面给您以援助。 We are always anxious to assist you in... *be anxious to “渴望,想……”。 We are always willing to assist you in...

外贸函电语气

【关键词】外贸英语函电;语气 外贸英语函电是集国际贸易实务、英语写作、营销、商务谈判及应用文写作等知识为一体,是国际贸易传递信息的主要媒介之一,得到了越来越广泛的使用和重视,是贸易双方彼此相互了解、进行贸易往来的主要途径,可以说是“以笔代口谈生意”。其作为商贸英语的一个分支,具有独特的语域并影响其语言形式。一则好的外贸英语函电除了词汇、语法上准确无误外,在语气的选择与使用上也是十分讲究的,函电使用的语气反映了写信人的态度,对读信的人心理影响很大,可能会影响到交易的成功与否,因此我们在撰写外贸书信时应注意使用正确的语气。然而,在外贸英语函电课的教与学过程中却往往忽视这一点。学生所写的信函即使在词汇、语法上准确无误,却往往语气生硬,违反了交际原则,则传递的信息不为对方乐意接受,无法达到写信的目的。这个问题亟待大家的重视。 一、语气要亲切自然 外贸函电是贸易双方相互往来的途径。读信的人与写信人一样有他自己的感情,我们不得忽视他的感受,他们是在以笔代口谈生意,因而使用的语言不能生硬呆板,冷冷冰冰,显得缺乏亲切感。一则上乘的外贸书信的秘诀就是轻松自然、简单明了,好像是在谈话,亲切友善。但有些人本性热情亲切,然而写起信函就忘了自已是在以笔代口谈生意,所用的文字结构显得冷漠,缺乏热情,如常称自己为“writer”(笔者),该说“I visited yourshowroom.”却说“The writer visited yourshowroom”。殊不知籍借强调你、我或我们的亲切的文句有助于产生比较适合函电的热情友好的语气。 二、谦恭有礼、心平气和 语气委婉谦恭有礼是商场上的重要法则,接待顾客要有礼貌,函电往来也要有礼貌。利奇(Leech,1983)认为言语交际除了讲究合作原则(Cooperative Principle)外,还要讲究礼貌原则(Politeness Principle)。有礼貌的信可博得对方的好感,诸如“Please”、“Thank you”、“We have pleasure”、“We regret that”等用语,定能使对方产生好感.有助

外贸英语函电的写作格式常用范文

外贸英语函电的写作格式常用范文 外贸函电涉及到的知识很广泛,那么外贸函电的英语写作格式需要注意哪些问题呢,接下来为大家整理了外贸英语函电的写作格式,希望对你有帮助哦! 1.请求建立商业关系 Rogers Chemical Supply Co. 10E.22Street Omaha8,Neb Gentlemen: We have obtained your name and address from Aristo Shoes, Milan , and we are writing to enquire whether you would be willing to establish business relations with us. We have been importers of shoes for many years. At present, We are interested in extending our, range and would appreciate your catalogues and quotations.If your prices are competitive we would expect to transact a significant volume of business. We look forward to your early reply. Very truly yours 自米兰职权里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司和地址,特此修函,祈能发展关系。多年来,本公司经营鞋类进口生意,现欲扩展业务范围。盼能惠赐商品目录和报价表。如价格公道,本公司必大额订购。烦请早日赐复。此致 2.回复对方建立商业关系的请求 Thank your for your letter of the 16th of this month. We

外贸函电范文常用语

外贸函电范文常用语 Importer Writes to Exporter Dear Sirs, We have obtained your address from the Commercial Counsellor of your Embassy in London and are now writing you for the establishment of business relations. We are very well connected with all the major dealers here of light industrial products, and feel sure we can sell large quantities of Chinese goods if we get your offers at competitive prices. As to our standing, we are permitted to mention the Bank of England, London, as a reference. Please let us have all necessary information regarding your products for export. Y ours faithfully, 外贸英语函电范文写作常用词汇: Notes https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,mercial adj. 商业的,商务的 commercial counsellor 商务参赞 commercial counsellor’s office 商务参赞处 commercial attache 商务专员 commercial articles 商品,(报上)商业新闻 commerce n. 商业 commerce department 商业部门 2.embassy n. 大使馆 the American Embassy in Beijing 美国驻北京大使馆 ambassador n. 大使,使节 3.dealer n. 商人 retail dealer (or:retailer) 零售商 wholesale dealer (or:wholesaler) 批发商 deal n. b. 贸易,成交,经营 make (or:do) a deal with... 与...做交易 deal on credit 信用交易,赊帐买卖 4.connected with... 与...有联系;与...有关系 5.light industrial product 轻工业产品 https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,petitive adj. 有竞争力的 competitive price 竞争价格 competitive capacity 竞争能力 competitive power 竞争能力 competitive edge 竞争优势 eg.If your price is competitive, we will place an order with you. 如果你方价格有竞争力的话,我们将向你方发出订单。 Y our products has no competitive capacity in our market. 你方产品在我市场上没有竞争力。 compete v. 竞争 ~with (or:against) sb. in sth. 在...方面与某人竞争 eg.We should compete with other enterprises in the quality of the products. 我们必须在产品的质量方面与其它企业竞争。 ~with (or:against) sb. for sth. 为...事情与某人竞争 eg.We must compete against other countries in trade for obtaining larger international market. 为了获取更大

外贸函电词汇

外贸函电词汇 UNIT ONE 1 ESP: English for Specific/Special Purposes 专门用途英语 2 BE: Business English 商务英语 3 Correspondence for Import & Export 进出口函电 4 Good quality stationery 优质信笺信纸 5 Neat typing 整洁 6 Even spacing 间隔匀称 7 Short paragraphs 段落精短 8 Correct Grammar, Spelling and Punctuation 语法、拼写、标点正确UNIT TWO INQUIRIES 1 potential business 潜在业务 2 prospective customer 潜在顾客 3 customers of long standing 长期顾客 4 potential supplier 潜在供应商 5 trade fair 贸易博览会 6 the latest issue of 最新一期… 7 integrated software package 完整软件包 8 substantial order 大宗订单 9 quantity discount 数量折扣 10 cash discount 现金折扣 11 list price 标价、目录价格 12 export terms 出口条件

13 pictured/illustrated catalog 带插图的商品目录 14 article number / Art. No. 货号 15 bulk buyer 大买户 16 business concern 商行 17 business relations / relationship 业务关系 18 business status 业务状况 19 commercial counselor 商务参赞 20 commercial counselor's office 商务参赞处 21 means of packing 包装方法 22 parent company 母公司 23 sales literature 促销资料 24 trading association 贸易关系 25 trade journal 行业刊物 26 firm offer 实盘 27 non-firm offer: offer without engagement 虚盘 28 trade discount 同业/批发折扣 29 bill of exchange (bill / draft; B/E)汇票 30 documents against payment: D/P 付款交单 31 shipping documents 装运单据 32 line of business 业务/经营范围 33 specific inquiry 具体询价 UNIT THREE REPLIES AND QUOTATIONS 1 regular customer 老顾客

外贸函电范文

台布 我们从我国商务部处得悉贵公司的名称和地址,现借此机会与你方通信,意在建立友好业务关系。 我们是一家国营公司,专门经营台布出口业务。我们能接受顾客的来样定货,来样中可具体需要产品的花样图案,规格及包装装潢的要求。 为使你方对我各类台布有大致的了解,我们另航寄最新的目录供参考。如果你方对产品有兴趣,请尽快通知我方。一俟收到你方具体询盘,即寄送报价单和样本。 盼早复。 SPECIMEN:INTRODUCING BUSINESS OPERATION Dear Sirs, RE:TABLECLOTH We have your name and adress from Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China.We take this opportunity to write to you with a view to set up friend business relations with you. We are a carpet manufacturer, our products are a unique style of novel, inexpensive..We are in a position to accept orders according to the customer's spmples.In the customer's spmples,request about the assorted pattern,specification and package of the needed goods can be indicated particularly. In order to give you a gengral idea of various kinds of the table-cloth we are handling,we are airmailing you under separate cover our latest catalogue for your reference.Please let us know immediately if you are interested in our products.We will send you our price list and sample to you as soon as we receive your specific inquiry. Looking forward to your early reply,we are. Yours faithfully Xiaoli

俄语商务信函常用语

外贸外语指导俄语:俄语商务信函常用语 Уважаемые господа 尊敬的先生/女士Dear Sirs Уважаемый господин ХХ 尊敬的ХХ先生Dear Mr. XX Очень рад получить от Вас письмо 很高兴收到你们的来信Glad to receive your letter. Получить Ваш факс для нас большая честь, спасибо. 能收到您的传真我们深表荣幸,谢谢您! Очень рады сотрудничать с Вами 我们很乐意同您进行合作We are happy to cooperate with you. Извините, что долго не связывался с Вами 很长时间没与你联系,请原谅!Sorry for not getting in touch with you for so long. Для подробной информации, пожалуйста, посмотрите приложение 详细资料请看附件! Please see enclosure for details. Мы свяжемся с Вами в ближайшее время 我们会在最短的时间内与您联络We will contact you in the nearest future. Пожалуйста, ответьте как можно быстрее. 请尽快回复Please reply the soonest possible! Надеемся, на Ваш быстрый ответ 期待着您的复音We look forward to your earliest reply Ждем Вашего ответа 等您的回信!Waiting for your reply. Желаем успехов в работе и счастья в жизни 祝工作顺利,生活幸福!We wish you successful business and happy life!

自考外贸函电常用词汇

M/Ts 公吨(Metric Ton) D/A 承兑交单(Days after Acceptance) D/P 付款交单(Document against Payment)L/C 信用状(letter of credit) L/G 银行保证书 T/T 电汇. D/D 票汇 B/L 海运提单Bill of Lading 提单INCOTERMS 国际贸易术语解释通则 CIF 到岸价(Cost Insurance and Freight)CFR 成本加运费 FOB 装运港船上交货 FCA 货交承运人 ICC 协会货物条款 CIP 运费、保险费付至 ETA 预计到港时间 CIC. 中国人民保险海洋运输货物保险条款FPA 平安险(Free From Particular Average) breakage 破碎险 W.P.A and War Risk 水渍险和战争险Packing List 包装清单 Inspection Certificate 检验证书 Insurance Policy and Clean 保险单和清洁On Board B/L 已装船的提单 freight prepaid 运费预付 after sight 见票后 draft at sight 即期汇票

shipping advice 装运通知EMP 欧洲主要港口 1. Chamber of commerce商会 2. Quotation报盘 3. Counter-offer还盘 4. Customs invoice海关发票 5. Open account terms赊帐方式 6. Certificate of origin原产地证 7. Import quotas system进口配额制 8. Bill of exchange汇票 9. Promissory note本票 10. Confirmed L/C保兑信用证 1. Quantity Discount数量折扣 2. Proforma Invoice形式发票 3. Non-Tariff Barriers非关税壁垒 4. Sales Contract销售合同 5. Documentary Bill跟单汇票 6. Sight Draft即期汇票 7. Irrevocable L/C不可撤消信用证 8. On Board B/L已装船提单 9. More or Less Clause溢短装条款 10. Insurance Policy保险单 1. Cash Discount现金折扣 2. Commercial Invoice商业发票 3. Import Licence System进口许可证制

外贸函电常用范文

外贸函电原则 一、Courtesy 礼貌 语言要有礼且谦虚,及时地回信也是礼貌的表现。 例如: We have received with many thanks your letter of 20 May, and we take the pleasure of sending you our latest catalog. We wish to draw your attention to a special offer which we have made in it. You will be particularly interested in a special offer on page 5 of the latest catalog enclosed, which you requested in your letter of 20 May. 二、Consideration 体谅 写信时要处处从对方的角度去考虑有什么需求,而不是从自身出发,语气上更尊重对方。 例如: “You earn 2 percent discount when you pay cash. We will send you the brochure next month. ”就比“We allow 2 percent discount for cash payment. We won't be able to send you the brochure this month.”要好。

三、Completeness 完整 一封商务英语外贸函电应概况了各项必需的事项,如邀请信应说明时间、地点等,确忌寄出含糊不清的信件。 四、Clarity 清楚 意思表达明确,要注意: (一)避免用词错误: 例如:As to the steamers sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco, we have bimonthly direct services. 此处bimonthly有歧义:可以是twice a month 或者once two month.故读信者就迷惑了,可以改写为:We have two direct sailings every month from Hong Kong to San Francisco. (二)注意词语所放的位置: 例如: 1. We shall be able to supply 10 cases of the item only. 2. We shall be able to supply 10 cases only of the item. 前者则有两种商品以上的含义。 (三)注意句子的结构:

外贸函电专业用语

Customs surveyor 海关检验人员engineer surveyor 工程检验员insurance surveyor 保险检验员marine surveyor 海事鉴定员survey report 鉴定报告surveyor's report 鉴定行报告surveying agent 检验代理 prompt cash 及时付款 prompt delivery 即期交货prompt payment 即期付款prompt shipment 即期装运 actual delivery 实际交货forward delivery 远期交货near delivery 近期交货

partial delivery 零批交货 short delivery 短交 flour mill 面粉厂 paper mill 造纸厂 printing and dying mill 印染厂woolen mill 毛纺厂 timber mill 木材厂 tobacco mill 香烟厂 cloth factory 制衣厂 garmenting factory 服装厂cosmetics factory 化妆品厂furniture factory 家具厂 canning factory 罐头厂pharmaceutical factory 制药厂grain processing factory 粮食加工厂

non-staple food processing factory 副食品加工厂 water pump factory 水泵厂 aeroplane factory 飞机制造厂 chemical factory 化工厂 ship-building yard 造船厂 diesel engine plant 柴油机厂 automobile plant 汽车制造厂 power plant 发电厂 electric machinery plant 电机厂 heat and power plant 热电厂 crane factory 起重机厂 feed-processing plant 饲料加工厂

外贸函电常见名词英译汉

1. 申请人applicant 2. 实盘firm offer 3. 装运日期Time of shipment/delivery(date of shipment/delivery) 4. 航空货运单air waybill 5. 即期汇票sight draft 6. 合法持有人bona fide holder 7. 通知银行advising bank 8. 检验报告survey report 9. 到岸价CIF/cost, insurance and freight 10. 信用证修改书amendment to letter of credit 11. 中国对外贸易运输公司China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation 12. 代收银行,汇付行collecting bank 13. 订舱book shipping space 14. 运费率Freight rate 15.钩损险Hook Damage Risk 16.包装不良Improper packing 17. 支付条款Payment terms/terms of payment 18. 汇票draft 19. 装运港port of loading 20. 品质检验证书Inspection Certificate of Quality 21. 资信状况credit standing 22 信用证letter of credit

23. 销售确认书sales confirmation 24. 电汇telegraphic transfer 25. 仲裁Arbitration 26. 付款交单document(s) against payment 27. 水渍险With particular average/WPA 28. 提单bill of lading 29. 离岸价FOB/free on board 30. 贸易条款terms and conditions 31. 装箱单packing list 32. 原产地证明certificate of origin 33. 开证行Issuing/opening bank 34. 装运单据shipping documents 35. 综合险All Risks 36. 有关信用证the relevant letter of credit 37. 销售合同Sales Contract 38. 保险单Insurance Policy 39. 租船契约Charter Party 40. 索赔Lodge a claim (againt)…/claim 41.商业发票Commercial Invoice 42. 中国商检局China Commodity Inspection Bureau 43. 装船通知shipping advice/notice 44.目的港port of destination

外贸函电常用范文

本文档由实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,)编制,版权所有,尽供外贸交流学习商业目的请联系实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,) 外贸函电常用范文Set new business relationship 建立贸易关系,可以通过多种途径,比如通过驻外机构、国外商会、同业商行、银行、出国访问、商品交易会、报纸广告、市场调查等等。建立贸易关系的信函,要写得诚恳、热情、礼貌、得体,并将写信人的意图清楚地叙述完整,给对方留下深刻地印象,使其愿意与你交往。 Dear Mr. Jones: We understand from your information posted on https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html, that you are in the market for textiles. We 本文档由实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,)编制,版权所有,尽供外贸交流学习商业目的请联系实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,)

would like to take this opportunity to introduce our company and products, with the hope that we may work with Bright Ideas Imports in the future. We are a joint venture specializing in the manufacture and export of textiles. We have enclosed our catalog, which introduces our company in detail and covers the main products we supply at present. You may also visit our website https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,,which includes our latest product line. Should any of these items be of interest to you, please let us know. We will be happy to give you a quotation upon receipt of your detailed requirements. We look forward to receiving your enquires soon. Sincerely, John Roberts 本文档由实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,)编制,版权所有,尽供外贸交流学习商业目的请联系实惠网(https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,)

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可能遇到不知道对方姓名,可以用“Dear+对方头衔”,如“Dear President”,或者“Dear+Sir/Madam”形式。英国人习惯在称呼后加“,”,美国人习惯在称谓后加“:”,有时也可以不加任何标点,是具体情况而定。 在书写正文时,把最重要的事情写在正文最前面或者邮件内容较长时写在第一段。为了让收件人阅读邮件比较舒服,我们需要注意邮件正文结构的美感,邮件段落最好控制在两三段之内。如果一封电子邮件涉及多个信息点,我们可以采用分条目的方法,如符号、小标题、编号来使得邮件想要表达的内容层次清晰。邮件内容应注意单词的拼写、大小写、标点、语法等。所谓以小见大。 结尾语在正文之后添加。注意一般结尾语中只有第一个单词首字母大写而剩余单词都小写,此处与称呼不同。 一般电子邮件: Sincerely, Sincerely yours,

外贸函电常用英语

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外贸函电常用范文 1、Set new business relationship 建立贸易关系,可以通过多种途径,如通过驻外机构、国外商会、同业商行、银行、出国访问、商品交易会、报纸广告、市场调查等等。建立贸易关系的信函,要写得诚恳、热情、礼貌、得体,并将写信人的意图清楚地叙述完整,给对方留下深刻地印象,使其愿意与你交往。Dear Mr. Jones: We understand from your information posted on https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html, that you are in the market for textiles. We would like to take this opportunity to introduce our company and products, with the hope that we may work with Bright Ideas Imports in the future. We are a joint venture specializing in the manufacture and export of textiles. We have enclosed our catalog, which introduces our company in detail and covers the main products we supply at present. You may also visit our website https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc2646745.html,,which includes our latest product line. Should any of these items be of interest to you, please let us know. We will be happy to give you a quotation upon receipt of your detailed requirements. We look forward to receiving your enquires soon. Sincerely, John Roberts 2. Make an inquiry 询盘的内容主要是商品的价格、包装、交货期、付款方式等。询盘信应简洁、清楚、礼貌。Dear Sir or Madam: Messrs Johns and Smith of New York inform us that are exports of all cotton bed-sheets and pillowcases. We would like you to send us details of various ranges, including sizes, colors and prices, and also samples of the different qualities of material used. We are large dealers in textiles and believe there is a promising market in our area for moderately priced goods of this kind mentioned. When quoting, please state your terms of payment and discount you would allow on purchases of quantities of not less than 100 dozen of individual items. Price quoted should include insurance and freight to London. Yours faithfully 3. Make an offer 报盘函是指卖方在销售某种商品时,向买方报价、介绍商品情况。提出交易条件(包括商品名称、数量、价格、付款条件、交货日期等)时所写的一种外贸信函。报盘有实盘和虚盘之分。实盘是报盘人在规定的期限内对所提条件的肯定表示,报盘人在有限期内不得随意改变和撤回报盘内容,报盘一经买方接受,买卖立即敲定,双方就有了法律约束力的合同关系。虚盘是报盘人所作的非承诺性表示,附有保留条件,如“以我方最后确认为准(subject to our final confirmation)”等。 (a.)firm offer Dear Mr. Jones: We thank you for your email enquiry for both groundnuts and Walnutmeat

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