自考英语翻译教案

自学考试公共英语（一）试题有以下几项：

1．选择填空（10道小题，每题1分）

2．完型填空（10道小题，每题1分）

3．阅读理解（3篇短文，15道小题，每题2分）

4．根据要求拼写单词（20个单词，每题0.5分）

5．词的恰当形式填空（10道小题，每题1分）

6．汉译英（5句单句，每题3分）

7．英译汉（一段短文15分）

该项考试没有听力、口试和写作部分，考试难度低于目前其他全国性的公共英语类考试。翻译比重很大，占了30%。

English-Chinese Translation

I. Teaching objectives:

Helping the students acquire how to translate English into Chinese, and know about some translation skills.

II. Difficult Point:

Free translation (意译).

III. Teaching Emphasis:

Translantion skills.

IV. Time: 40 minutes.

自考英语翻译技巧

直译与意译

直译是基础，意译是补充能直译就尽量直译，不能直译就采取意译

1. Their accent couldn‘t fool a native speaker.

A. 他们的口音不能愚弄本地人

B.本地人是不会听不出他们是外乡人的。

C.本地人一听他们的口音便知道他们是外乡人的。

（这三种翻译显示了从直译到意译的一个过程）

2. Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful ，nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate.

意译：砸镜子并不能解决实际问题。

直译：砸镜子并不能使丑八怪变漂亮，也不能使社会问题烟消云散。

3.He felt a rush of fear churning his stomach.直译：他感到一阵恐惧涌上胃口意译：他感到一阵恐惧涌上心头

4. He bent solely upon profit. A. 他只屈身与利润之前B.只有利润才使他低头。

C.他惟利是图

5. Would there be any possibility of having breakfast on the train before we are decanted in Munich ？

A.当我们在慕尼黑被腾出车厢之前有任何在火车上吃早饭的可能性吗？

B.我们在慕尼黑被腾出车厢之前，有可能在火车上吃早饭吗？

（其中A是直译，而B是意译。）

6. He had about as much chance of getting a job as of being chosen mayor of Chicago.

A.他找到工作的机会和当选芝加哥市长的机会差不多

B.他找到工作的机会简直跟当选芝加哥市长同样困难。

C.他找到工作的机会简直微乎其微。

正说与反说

1.The administration was free corruption. 这届政府没有腐败现象

2. Wet paint. 油漆未干

3.I remained confused about the problem.这个问题我还是不懂

4. They are dependent on each other.他们谁也离不开谁

5. He is far from what I expected.他远不是我想象的那样。

正说

6. Don‘t unstring your shoes.把鞋带系上

7. All the teachers ，without exception are to attend the meet Sunday. 所有的老师都要参加星期五的会议。

8. She carne into the room without shoes on. 她光脚走进了房间。

9. The doctor lost no tune in getting the sick man to hospital.医生立即把病人送往医院。

10. I have no doubt that you will succeed.我相信你会成功。

拆译

A．拆句

1.He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.

他有个习惯叫人受不了，意思反复不定，一会一个主张。

2. He had left a note of welcome for me，as sunny as his face.

他留下一封段信，对我表示欢迎，那信写的热情洋溢，一如其人。

3. While I was waiting to enter university ，I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived.

当我等着进大学期间，我在一份地方报纸上看到一则广告，说是在离我住处大约10英里的伦敦某郊区，有所学校要招聘一名教师。(句子拆译这里主要指英语复合句，尤其是长句的拆译。)

B．拆短语

4. Throughout his life ，Benjamin Franklin continued his education，learning from human contacts as well as from books.

本杰明。富兰克林整个一生都在受教育，他不仅从书本中学习，而且也从与人交往中学习。

5. Energy can neither he created nor destroyed ，a universally accepted law.

能量即不能创造也不能消灭，这是一条公认的规律。

顺序法

1. Your presumption that I would want to share a flat with you is false.

你认为我会和你同住一套公寓，那就错了 .

2.Researchers have established that when people are mentally en-gaged，biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory.

研究人员证实：人们在动脑筋时，头脑会产生很多的变化，使头脑在注意力和记忆力这类认知领域中更有效地活动

逆序法

3. It was extended and preserved in the 19th century ，when our nation spread across the continent ，saved the union，and abolished the awful scourge of slavery.

在19世纪，我们的国家横跨大陆，拯救了联邦，废除了恐怖的奴隶制的蹂躏，这一信念才得以流传可扩展。

4.By January 16，just a month after the beginning of the offensive on which Hitler had staked his last reserves in men and guns and ammunition ，the German forces were back to line from which they had set out.

到1 月16日，德军又回到了他们当初出击的战线，这恰好是希特勒把他最后的兵力、大炮、弹药储备孤注一掷、发动进攻的一个月之后。

变序法（综合法）

5. Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me？

我有个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？

6. He had cleared up those confusions which arose from different medicines that had the same name and from various names that had been given to the same substance.

药名混乱，有的由于不同药物同一名称所引起，而有的则由于同一药物不同名称所造成，他对此一一作了澄清。

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37.Researchers have established that when people are mentally en-gaged，biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive （认知的）areas such as attention and memory. 研究人员证实：人们在动脑筋时，头脑会产生很多的变化，使头脑在注意力和记忆力这类认知领域中更有效地活动 38. During the ice ages ，human beings exposed to the colder temperatures of the time would often make their homes in caves. 在冰河时代，人们面临当时较为寒冷的气温，常常在洞穴里安家。逆序法 39. It was extended and preserved in the 19th century ，when our nation spread across the continent ，saved the union，and abolished the awful scourge of slavery.在19世纪，我们的国家横跨大陆，拯救了联邦，废除了恐怖的奴隶制的蹂躏，这一信念才得以流传可扩展。 40.By January 16，just a month after the beginning of the offensive on which Hitler had staked his last reserves in men and guns and ammunition ，the German forces were back to line from which they had set out.到1 月16日，德军又回到了他们当初出击的战线，这恰好是希特勒把他最后的兵力、大炮、弹药储备孤注一掷、发动进攻的一个月之后。 41. Five score years ago， a great American ，in whose symbolic shadow we stand by，signed the Emancipation Proclamation. 100 年前，一位伟人签署了《奴隶解放宣言》，今天，我们正是站在这位伟人富有象征意义的雕象下集会。变序法（综合法） 42. Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me？我有个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？ 43. He had cleared up those confusions which arose from different medicines that had the same name and from various names that had been given to the same substance. 药名混乱，有的由于不同药物同一名称所引起，而有的则由于同一药物不同名称所造成，他对此一一作了澄清。 44. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students… compositions in critical red ink ，the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time，and commenting favorably on them.一位老师这样写到：如果我们能从学生作文中找出一两处比上次做的更好的地方，并提出表扬性评语，而不是用红墨水把学生的作文批改的一塌糊涂，我们就能从中的更富有建设性的结果。 45. Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth…5 sake ，and that is as far as possible do no harm. 我们的职业传统上格守一个信条，那就是尽可能的不造成伤害，这一信条胜过为讲真话而讲真话的美德。

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