动词不定式用法经典例句总结
（语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用形式。如：
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语）
I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语）
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语）
He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作）
My work is to clean the room every day.（不定式作表语）
在There be结构中，修饰的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
形式
1) 现在式：表示的动词，有时与表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为：动词+ to do sth
He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。
2) 完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3)：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.
4)完成进行式：
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来
疑问词
who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如：
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语）
②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. （不定式在句子中做宾语）
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做）
④The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中）
以上例句中+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的形式。如：①When we shall leave…③…how I
could learn……
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有：consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用，其位置有以下两种：
(1)把不定式置于句首。如：
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。
To make up for lost time is not possible.要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。
To lean out of the window is dangerous.身子探出窗外很危险。
To save money now seems impossible.现在好像不可能存钱。
(2)用it作，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：
①It+be+名词+to do
It's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾老人是我们的责任。
It is an offence to drop litter in the street.在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。
②It takes sb+some time+to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作？
③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是很愚蠢的。
④It seems(appears)+形容词+to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式，如：It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.
⑤It + 不定式结构可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后
He thought it would be safer to go by train.他认为乘火车比较安全。
He will find it is hard to make friends.他会感觉到交朋友困难。
⑥不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语
To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable.两次犯同样的错误是不可原谅的。
It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.爱过而后失去了爱，比从未爱过要好。
(3)举例
（1）It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;
the first,the next,the last,the best,too much,too little,not enough
It's so nice to hear your voice.听到你的声音真高兴。
It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
（2）It's very kind of him to help us.他帮助我们，他真好。
Kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的)
例句:
It was silly of us to believe him.我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
注意：（1）其他如，look，appear等也可用于此句型
（2）不定式作为时，动词用形式。
（3）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作时，不能用It is… to…的句型
(对)To see is to believe.眼见为实。
(错)It is to believe to see.
作宾语
1) 以下动词后，只能跟不定式作
（付得起），（同意），aim(力求做到)，（显得），（安排），（要求），attempt （试图），care（想要），choose（决定），claim（声称），condescend（屈尊），consent（准许），decide（决定），demand（要求），determine（决心），endeavor（竭力），expect（期待），fail（未履行），help（帮助），hesitate（犹豫），hope （希望），learn（学会），manage（设法），neglect（疏忽），offer（主动提出），plan（计划），prepare（准备），pretend（假装），proceed（接着做），promise（答应），prove（证明），refuse（拒绝），resolve（解决），seem（觉得好像），swear（发誓），tend（往往会），threaten（预示），undertake（承诺），volunteer （自愿做），vow（发誓），want（想要），wish（希望）
举例：
The driver failed to see the other car in time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
I happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
2）动词++
decide,know,consider forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tell
Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
注意：带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用。
The question is how to put it into practice.
问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
3)当中的宾语是不定式时，先用it代替不定式，把不定式置于之后，即：主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如：
We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.
He feels it his duty to help the poor.
I find it difficult to learn English well.
作补语
1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
常见动词：advise，allow，believe，cause，challenge，compel，declare，encourage，forbid，force，find，hire，induce，instruct，invite，like，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，select，send，suppose，tell，train，urge
例句：
a.Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b.We believe him to be guilty.
我们相信他是有罪的。
2) to + be 的不定式结构，作的动词。
常见动词：Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discover, fancy(设想),feel,find, guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解), show,suppose,take(以为),understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
3) to be +形容词
常见动词：Seem,appear,be said,be supposed,be believed,be thought,be known,be reported, hope, wish,desire,want,plan,expect,mean…
The book is believed to be uninteresting.
人们认为这本书没什么意思。
4)there be+不定式
常见动词：believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstand
We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
有些动词需用as 短语做，如regard,think believe,take,consider.
We regard Tom as our best teacher.我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
Mary took him as her father .玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
5)秃头不定式作
秃头不定式，即不带“to”的不定式，其语法功能一般在句子中作宾语的（）。
用秃头不定式作宾语补足语的常用动词如下：
口诀：“五看、三使役“，“两听、一感”要记住，若是“宾补”变“主补”，主补“to”字不能无。动词let属例外，其宾补/主补“to”均无。说明：
五看-----see/watch/notice/observe/look at；三使役-----have/make/let；两听-----hear/listen to；一感-----feel。
例句：I often see him go to school on foot.(秃头不定式作) He is often seen to go to school on foot.(不定式作主语补足语，要带“to”) Let him try again.---- He is let try again.(let的主补与宾补均用秃头不定式)
Find 特殊用法
后可用做宾补，或先加，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。
I found him lying on the ground.
I found it important to learn.
I found that to learn English is important.
作表语
不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.
②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.
③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.
当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定式说明主语的内容。
④Our work is serving the people.
⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.
⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.
④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving thepeople is our work,而⑥句中是作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行区别开来。
作状语
（1）目的
To… only to (仅仅为了),in order to,so as to,so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to say good-bye to you.我来仅仅是向你告别。
（2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
What have I said to make you angry.
He searched the room only to find nothing.
（3)表原因
I'm glad to see you.
典型例题
The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.
A. sit
B. sit on
C. be seat
D. be sat on
答案：B.如果不定式为，其后应有必要的介词。
当动词与介词连用时，常位于“形容词+动词不定式”结构的末尾。
作定语
⒈不定式作定语
不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或之后。如：
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①The next train to arrive is from Washington.
②Do you have anything to be taken to your sister?
③Do you have anything to say on the question?
④Would you please give me some paper to write on?
⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.
作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：
(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。
(2)与被修饰词之间有，如是不，则需加（例④）。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍用（例③）；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用（例②）。
(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语，例①to arrive=that will arrive。
相关省略
（1）( 除ought 外，ought to意思是“应该”，是情态动词，只有一种形式，后边接动词不定式，to不能省略。ought to没有人称和数的变化，后接可以表示现在、将来或过去将来，由或上下文决定。例如：They ought to come tomorrow.他们明天应当来)：
（2）let,have,make：
（3）see,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补，省略to。
注意：在中则to 不能省掉。
在中get除外(get sb. to do sth.)
I saw him dance.
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night.
=They were made to work the whole night.
（4）表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather，had better，might(just) as well：rather than置于句首时。
Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride a bike.
（5）Why… / why not…：
（6）help 可带to，也可不带to,help sb (to) do sth：
（7）but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
（8）由and,or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：
（9）通常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后，可以省去to be：
He is supposed (to be) nice.他应该是个好人。
（10）but作，后接不定式结构时，前面谓语动词部分若含有do的形式时，but后的不定式要省去to，否则要带to。
He wants to do nothing but go out.
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
（11）当两个或多个不定时短语由and，but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时，则不能省略。
He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more difficult.
（12）不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时，符号to可省去。
We've missed the last bus.All we could do now is walk home.
否定式
Tell him not to shut the wi ndow…
She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。
特殊句型
so as to
（1）表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。
Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。
（2)so kind as to ——劳驾
Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?劳驾，现在几点了。
2、"Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议
"为什么不……?" "干吗不……?"
例如：
Why not take a holiday？
干吗不去度假？
3、It's for sb.和It's of sb.
（1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult, interesting,impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
（2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
for 与of 的辨别方法：
用后面的作主语，用介词前边的形容词作，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
4、不定式的特殊句型too…to…
（1）too…to太…以至于…
He is too excited to speak.他太激动了，说不出话来。
——Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗
——Well,I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it,but thank you all the same.不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。
（2) 如在too前有，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定，too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意为“不太”。
It's never too late to mend.()
改过不嫌晚。
（3)当too 前面有only,all,but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。
I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。
He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。
相互区别
不定式与介词"to"区别
to 有两种用法：
一为不定式+；
一为+名词动名词，to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：
admit to承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to 习惯于，stick to 坚持，turn to开始，着手于，devote oneself to 献身于，be devoted to 致力于，look forward to 盼望，pay attention to 注意but,except,besides+to do(do)
在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。如：
The enemy solders had no choice but to give in.
On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.
区别联系
1 动名词与不定式的区别
表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2 接不定式或动名词，意义相同
3在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：
①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee.
②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem.
③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what was happening.
⒋advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：
Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake.
Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.
4 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。
①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：
Don't forget to post the letter for me.
Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?
Remember to close the windows before you leave.
I remember writing him a letter a year ago.
We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.
They regretted ordering these books from abroad.
语义不同
目录
1stop to do（停现在做的去做另一件事）stop doing（停止正在做某事）
2 forget to do（忘记去做某事）forget doing（忘记做了某事）
3remember to do（记得要去做某事）remember doing（记得做过某事）
4 regret to do（遗憾做某事）regret doing（遗憾做了某事）
5cease to do cease doing
6 try to do（努力做某事）try doing（试着做某事）
7go on to do（继续去做某事）go on doing（继续做某事）
8 afraid to do（担心做某事）afraid doing（担心正在做的事）
9interested to do（对做某事感兴趣）interested doing（对正在做的感兴趣）
10 mean to do（打算做某事）mean doing（做某事很有意义）
11 begin/ start to do（开始去做某事）begin/ start doing（开始做某事）
forget doing/to do
forget to do忘记要去做某事。(未做)
forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做)
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)
remember doing/to do
remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗？
regret doing/to do
regret to do对要做的事遗憾。(未做)
regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)
I regret to have to do this,but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
cease doing/to do
cease to do长时间，甚至永远停做某事。
cease doing短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。
That department has ceased to exist forever.那个部门已不复存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。try doing/to do
try to do努力，企图做某事。
try doing试验，试着做某事。
You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed.我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
go on doing/to do
go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。
go on doing继续做原来做的事。
After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为“怕”；
be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband.她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband.她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
.
be interested doing/to do
interested to do对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。
interested in doing对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。
I shall be interested to know what happens.我很想知道发生了什么事。(想了解)
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that
我对在工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗?(一种想法)
mean doing/to do
mean to do打算、想
mean doing意味着
I mean to go,but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
begin(start) doing/to do
begin / start to do sth
begin / start doing sth.
（1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.
How old were you when you first started playing the piano你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
（2)begin,start用时，后面动词用不定式to do
I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。
（3)在attempt,intend,begin,start 后接know,understand,realize这时，常用不定式to
do。
I begin to understand the truth。
我开始明白真相。
（4)物作主语时
It began to melt.
⒉动词不定式的，语态
(1)时态
①一般式：动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在之后，有时表示同时发生.如：
I hope to become a university student this year.(to become发生在hope之后)
We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room.(play和hear同时发生)
②完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前.如：
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
We are too young to have seen the old society.
③进行式：表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生.如：
The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in.
They seemed to be discussing something important.
(2)语态
如果动词不定式的是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式，如：
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语)
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired (不定式作定语)
He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)
在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动，如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
⒊动名词的，语态
(1)时态
①一般式：动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指，也可与谓语动词同时发生，或发生在谓语动作之前或之后，如：
We are interested in collecting stamps.
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time.
We are not afraid of dying.
②完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，如：
Imagine having travelled on the moon.
We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.
(2)
①如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示的动作的承受者，动名词要用被动语态，动名词的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分，如：
The young man came in without being noticed.
He prided himself on having never been beaten in class.
②有些动词后的动名词用主动形式，但表示被动意义，如：
The bike needs repairing.
If a thing is worth doing,it is worth doing well.
⒋在中，为避免重复，常用“to”代替不定式结构，有时甚至可以把to省略，如：
①-Did you go to visit the Great Wall
-No,I wanted to,but there wasn't enough time.
②-Would you like to come to a party
-I'd love to.
③-Don't make any mistakes in your homework,will you
-I'll try not to.
④-Try to be back by 12,won't you
-OK,I'll try.
另外，be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于这一结构中。
⒌在why引起的问句中，省略“to”，如：
Why spend such a lot of money
Why not wait for a couple of days
⒍当两个或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用时，只在第一个不定式前加“to”，如：
It's quite necessary for us to read more and have more practice.
⒎“to”在下列中是“”，后接或名词形式，如：
devote…to,face up to(勇敢地面对),look forward to(盼望),object to(反对),take to(养成习惯，对……感兴趣；开始从事某种活动),be used to(习惯于)等。
进行式
形式
to be + 现在分词
He seems to be following us.他好像在跟着我们。
用法
①用于助动词之后
He must be coming by bus.他一定是乘公共汽车来的。
You shouldn't be reading a novel.现在你不应该看小说，你应该看课本。
②用于appear，happen，pretend，seem之后
I happened to be standing next to him when he collapsed.相当于：
It happened that I was standing next to him when he collapsed.他倒下的时候我恰巧站在他身边。
③hope 和promise之后，或agree，arrange，decide，determine/be determined，plan，undertake之后，但用于hope和promise后更常见：
I hope/hoped to be earning my living in a year's time.相当于：
I hope I will/I hoped I would be earning……我希望在一年之内能自食其力。
被动式
不定式被动式的用法
不定式到底用主动形式还是被动形式，往往取决于句子的意思，即意思上为主动就用主动形式，意思上为被动就用被动形式：
Did it need to be done so soon? 这事需要这么快就做吗?
She can’t bear to be laughed at. 她受不了被人嘲笑。
There was business to be taken care of. 有生意要人管理。
It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否正确，以后见分晓。
There was a lot of rubbish to be got rid of. 有大量垃圾需要扔掉。
不定式完成被动式的用法
不定式的完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作：
I’m pleased to have been given t his opportunity. 给了我这次机会我很高兴。
It’s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 据说它是明朝修建的。
完成式
表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作
He seems to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。
I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了。
I believe it to have been a mistake. 我相信这是一个错误。
You appear to have travelled quite a lot. 你似乎作过多次旅行。
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。
It’s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 据说它是明朝修建的。
表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作
I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作。
表示过去未曾实现的想法和愿望
I should like to have come earlier. 我本想早点来的。
We were to have been married last year. 我们本来打算去年结婚的。
形式
to have been + 现在分词
He seems to have been spying for both sides.
他似乎一直在为两方面搞秘密情报。
用法
只要用于助动词之后和appear，seem之后，但也可以用在happen，pretend以及believe，know，report，say，understand的被动式之后：
He appears to have been waiting a long time.相当于：
It appears that he has been waiting a long time.
看来他已经等了很久了。
He pretended to have been studying. 相当于：
He pretended that he had been studying.
他假装一直在学习的样子。
句型用法
在There be句型中的：
For example one,There are too much homework to write.
two,There are students writing too much homework.
"To"-不定式
在英语中不定式最常用于"to"之后，例如在"to walk", "to cry", "to eat", "to fear".这种用法叫做to-infinitive。在著作的独白时就大量采用了这类不定式动词。
To be or not to be ...
To sleep, perchance to dream ...
经常跟在to后形成不定式的动词包括:
例如:
I arranged to stay the night. ("我已安定好今晚留在这里。")
We intend to go skiing this weekend. ("我们打算这个周末去滑雪。")
I swear to honour you. ("我发誓为你增光。")
He sought to notify them of this new occurrence.
这些有宾词，然后加上有to的不定式的动词包括(连同以上带有星号的动词): advise, allow, challenge, command, compel, condemn, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, induce, inspire, instruct, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, program, remind, teach, tell, train, urge, warn.
有些动词之后加for + 宾词+ to-然后不定式. 通常这些动词包含渴望的意思，不能单单在后面加上宾词和不定式(though an infinitive alone may work). 这些动词包括apply, arrange, ask, call, clamour, long, opt, plead, press, vote, wait, wish, yearn.
例如:
I have arranged for the neighbour to water the plants. （“我已安排好邻居给植物给水。”）
I pleaded for him to accompany me to the theatre. （“我恳求他陪我去看戏。”）
不定代词和动词不定式用法小结
不定代词的用法 1.代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词 2.some与any的区别 1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”，可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式。any 多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些”，可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式 2）在反问句、疑问句中，表示请求、建议和希望对方得到肯定回答时，多用some. Would you like some beer？你要不要来点啤酒吗？ Why didn’t you buy some sweets？你怎么没买点糖果？ 3）any 用于肯定句时,表示是“任何的” Come any day you like.你哪天来都行。 3）some还有表示“某个”的意思 I’ll catch up with you some day有一天我会赶上你的。 3.复合不定代词：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). A：作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Is there anything wrong with your watch?”“No, nothing is wrong with it B：修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面。 This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。 Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗？ C：一般来说，当主语是指人的复合代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody 等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they；当前面句子中的复合代词指物，如everything, something, anything, nothing 等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it。如：Everyone is here, aren’t they? 人都到了，是吗？ Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了，是吗？ Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, aren’t they? 有人在门口等我，是吗？ 3.few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 1）few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思；few、a few修饰可数名词或代替可数的事物, little、a little修饰不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。 He is very poor and he has little money. 他很穷,几乎没有什么钱 Don’t worry. There is st ill a little time left. 别着急,还有一点儿时间呢 In that polar region there live few people. 在那个极地地区几乎不住人 You can get a few sweets from him. 你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果 2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. Let him sleep a little. 3）quite a few (相当多)only a few (只有几个，几乎没有) 4、all和both, either的用法 1）all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词或不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词 All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。 Her parents are both doctors.她父母都是医生
动词不定式用法讲解·优选.
动词不定式的用法讲解 一、动词不定式： 构成：to + 动词原形（to只是不定式符号，没有意义） 动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.
动词不定式用法 经典例句总结知识分享
动词不定式用法经典 例句总结
（语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态； 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如： It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语） I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语） He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语） My work is to clean the room every day.（不定式作表语） 在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为：动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语） ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. （不定式在句子中做宾语） ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中表语） 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。如：①When we shall leave…③…how I could learn……
英语动词不定式的完成式用法小结
英语动词不定式完成式在使用语境中的学习与考查 江苏省沛县湖西中学鹿俊先221611 综观近年的英语高考试题，我们可以看到题目的设置往往强调语言知识在特定语境中的使用，把语言知识放在了语用层面上，即考察实际应用知识的能力。 英语动词不定式的完成式，即(to) have +动词的过去分词形式，是中学英语学习中的重点及难点知识之一，也是高考试题中频繁出现的形式。对于这一形式考查的题目设置通常围绕三类语境，即陈述已经发生过了的事实，推测可能已经发生过了的事实，表达与过去实际情况相反的事实。下面分别加以叙述，以便从语用角度掌握这一语言知识。 1.陈述已经发生过了的事实。 1.1.置于表示情感反应的动词、形容词、分词之后，作为引起该反应的刺激，表示情感反应之前完成的动作。例如： I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. (=I'm sorry that I gave / have given you so much trouble.) It is good to have finished work for the day. (=I am pleased because I have finished.) She said she was sorry to have missed you. (=She said she was sorry that he had missed you.) There was a smile on the boy's face, which seemed to show that he was happy to have given his life to his country. (=…he was happy that he had given his life to his country.) 1.2.置于be said, be considered, be believed, seem, appear, happen, turn out,等之后表示这些动作之前完成的动作。例如： I don't know whether you happen to have heard, but I am going to study in the U.S.A. this September. Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. (=It is generally considered that Charles Babbage invented the first computer.) He is said to have studied abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in. (= It is said that he studied abroad, b ut….) I appear to have made a small mistake. (=It appears that I made / have made a small mistake.) He seems to have missed the train. (=It seems that he missed the train.) 1.3.置于should之后，表达说话人对已发生了的事实的情感的反应，如惊奇、遗憾、喜悦、不安、失望，等，should相当于汉语中的“竟然”，“居然”。例如：They were surprised (that) a child should have worked out the problem while they themselves couldn't. It is strange that she should have married such an old man. 2.推测可能已经发生过了的事实。 2.1.置于must, will, would, can't, couldn't 之后，表示很有把握的推论。例如： The city must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. An ambulance is waiting in the street. Somebody must have been hurt or killed. --I met her soon after the war.
高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习
Grammar Presentation---动词不定式 一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。 下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing. 第一步是检查受害人的呼吸。 ●不定式作补语 ?I’d like the problem to be discussed at the next meeting.我希望这个问题在下一次会上讨论。 ●不定式作定语 ?The students have a lot of homework to do every day.学生们每天都有很多家庭作业要做。 ●不定式作状语 不定式可以作原因状语、结果状语、目的状语以及方式状语 不定式在下列句式中作目的状语：so as to do, in order to do ?In order to ensure your hair looks its best, pay attention to what you eat. 为了保证你的头发是最佳状态，请注意你的饮食。 二：不定式考点归纳： 考点1：不定式的时态和语态： 1.---Is Bob still performing? ---I’m afraid not. He is said ____the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 1．A. 根据句子的意思“据说他已经离开了舞台”，要用不定式的完成式的主动形式。2．B. 用动词的不定式的被动形式表示结果状语。 考点2：不定式的功能：不定式具有名词的特征，可以作主语或宾语（例5），具有形容词的特征，可以作表语、定语或补足语（例4）；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语（例3）。
动词不定式用法经典例句总结教学总结
定义 （语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态； 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如： It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语） I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语） He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语） My work is to clean the room every day.（不定式作表语） 在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为：动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语） ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. （不定式在句子中做宾语） ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中表语） 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。如：①When we s hall leave…③…how I could learn……
动词不定式的用法荟萃
动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享
动词不定式用法例句总结
定义 （语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语 态； 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如：It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party. （不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited 是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up. （不定式作主语） I wish to be sent to work in the country. （不定式作宾语） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired? （不定式作定语） He went to the hospital to be exam in ed. （不定式作状语） My work is to clea n the room every day. （不定式作表语） 在There be 结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of （to be taken care of）. 但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is noth ing to do now.（ We have nothi ng to do no w.） There is nothing to be done no w.（We can do nothing no w.） 形式 1）现在式：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之 后。一般为：动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you aga in. = I hope that r II see you aga in. 我希望再见至M尔。 2）完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 rm sorry to have give n you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3）进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eat ing someth ing. 4）完成进行式： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how 语等。如： ①W hen to leave for London has not bee n decided yet. ② Mr. Smith did n't know whether to leave or stay there. ③ I asked Professor Xu how to lear n En glish well. ④The questi on was where to get the medici ne n eeded. 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的 could lear n ......... 后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表 （不定式在句子中做主语） （不定式在句子中做宾语） （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） （不定式在句子中表语） 从句形式。如：①When we shall leave …③? -how I
动词不定式用法讲解
动词不定式用法讲解 1、构成及特征 动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式，即非谓语动词形式，它有两种形式：一种是“to + 动词原形”构成（to- infinitive）；另一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。所有行为动词都有不定式形式，其否定式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留有动词的特点：（1）可以有时式和语态的变化，也可以有自己的宾语或状语，它们一起构成了不定式短语。He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。（带宾语和状语） The factory to be built here next year is a car factory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。（有语态的变化） （2）动词不定式还具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语等成分。 He wants to study English.他想学英语。（to study English在句中作want的宾语，而to study又有自己的宾语English, to study和English一起构成了不定式短语。）Never to offend anyone is his principle.不得罪人是他的原则。（不定式作主语） 注意：不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。作主语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句；作宾语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句；作定语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句；作目的状语时，相当于so that 或in order that引导的目的状语从句。 It is right for her to say so.(= It is right that she should say so.)她这样说是对的。 He has a lot of work to do.(=…that he should do)他有很多工作要做。 I don’t know where to get the ticket.(= …where I could get the ticket.)我不知道哪
动词不定式作宾语归纳
动词不定式作宾语归纳-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
要点1 只接不定式作宾语的动词 Afford , agree, ask, attempt, beg, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, happen,hope, long, wish, manage, offer, pretend, prepare, promise refuse, struggle, want等。 语法填空： 1、I am out of work so I cannot afford _________(live) in this big flat. 2、He failed ________ (pass) the test, but he refused ________ (give up). 3、The man often pretends_______ (be) a rich man. 要点2 与doing 有区别 doing: 已经发生 A、Remember / forget; stop / go on; regret to do: 没有发生 语法填空： 1、I remember _______ (call) you a week ago, but I forgot _________ (tell) you the news then. 2、After work, he didn’t stop ________ (have) a rest, and went on ________ (have) an evening class. Doing: 尝试着做……； doing: 意味着……； B、try mean to do: 尽力做……； to do: 打算做……； 语法填空： Going to college doesn’t mean ________ (find) a good job after graduation, so I mean ________(learn) some practical skills in my spare time. Doing: 忍不住……； doing: 习惯…… C、can’t help be used to to do: 不能帮助做……； do：被用来做…… 语法填空： 1、When the man couldn’t help _______ (save) the drowning child, he couldn’t help ______ (cry). 2、The young man is used to _______ (rise) late, so he can’t be used to _______ (lead) the team. To do : 需要/ 想 / 请求做……； D、n eed / want / require doing （to be done）: 需要 / 想 / 请求被……； 语法填空： I want ______ (ask) for a leave this afternoon because my hair needs _______ (cut). 要点3 可用形式宾语it来代替 不定式在make / think / feel / consider / find 等动词后作宾语并且其后有名词或 形容词作补语时，常用it作形式宾语。 例：I think it impossible to finish all the work in a day.
动词不定式用法讲解
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法
非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
人教版英语初二英语非谓语动词知识点总结附解析百度文库
人教版英语初二英语非谓语动词知识点总结附解析百度文库 一、非谓语动词 1．——Would you mind not_____ noise? Alice is sleeping. ——Sorry, I didn't know. I________ she was awake. A. make, think B. making, thought C. making, think D. make, thought 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：—你可不可以不要制造噪音？Alice在睡觉。—对不起，我不知道。我还以为她醒着呢！根据I didn't know.可知我刚才不知道，那时认为她醒着，I thought我原以为。故选B。 【点评】考查动词的用法。 2．We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险，我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。结合句意，故选B 3．—You'd better advise him ______ anything out of the window while driving. —I will. He has to know it's dangerous. A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don't throw 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你最好劝他开车时不要向车窗外乱扔东西。——我会的。他必须知道这很危险。advise，建议、劝告，固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.劝告某人不要做某事。故选C。 【点评】考查固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.。 4．As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and ________ them. A. corrects B. correct C. to correct D. correcting 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：正如我们所知，一个人通过犯错误和纠正错误中，能学会很多东西。and，表并列的连词，前后动词用法应该一致，根据making，可知此处用动词ing形式，因此用correcting，故选D。 【点评】考查固定搭配。注意介词后接动词的ing形式。