英语读音训练

英语读音训练
英语读音训练

一、国际音标

音标是记录音素的符号,是音素的标写符号。它的制定原则是:一个音素只用一个音标表示,而一个音标并不只表示一个音素(双元音就是由2个音素组成的,相对于单元音来说。由2个音素构成的音标我们称之为双元音),如汉语的拼音字母、英语的韦氏音标和国际音标等。

1.什么是音素:音素是语音的最小单位。

2.音素的分类:元音和辅音。

3.音素的个数:共48个,元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。

4.什么是音标:记录音素的符号叫做音标。

5.什么是国际音标:国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的音标,用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。

6.开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e :

name, bike, home, due, plane

b) 辅音+元音:

he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello

7.闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音:

bad, bed, sit, hot, cup, let, mad

b)元音+辅音:it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant

8. 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

9. 元音(Vowel)和辅音( Consonant)的定义:

发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音。

不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音。

发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。

发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。

元音部分(20个)

英语用到的国际音标部分如下:

[i:] [?:] [ɑ:] [?:] [u:] [?] [e] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?]

[ei]、[ai]、[?i]、[i?]、[??]、[u?]、[au] 、[?u]

单元音(12个)

长元音

/i:/ /?:/ /ɑ:/ /?:/ /u:/

短元音

/?/ /e/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/

双元音(8个)

/e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ /??/ /e?/ /??/

辅音部分(28个)

[p]、[b] 、[t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[e]、[?]、[?]、[t?]、[d?]

[tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[?]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]

清辅音(11个)

/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /h/ /t?/ /ts/ /tr/

浊辅音(17个)

/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /r/ /d?/ /dz/ /dr/ /j/ /w/ /m/ /n/ /?/ /l/10对对立辅音:

爆破音/p/ /b/、/t/ /d/、/k/ /g/

摩擦音/f/ /v/、/s/ /z/、/?/ /?/ 、/θ/ /e/

破擦音/t?/ /d?/、/tr/ /dr/、/ts/ /dz/

8个独立辅音:

声门擦音/h/

近音/r/

鼻音/m/ /n/ /?/

舌侧音/l/

半元音/w/ /j/

二、单词重音

英语的每个词,至少有一个音节读得特别重而清楚,而其他的音节则轻而含糊。读得重而清楚的音节,叫做单词重音,又叫重读音节。

读得轻而含糊的音节,叫做非重读音节或轻读音节。

三、连读与不完全爆破规则

朗读句子是有很多技巧的,在语流中,有些单词之间有连读现象,有些单词中的某个辅音没有念出声来。这两个造成“音变”

的因素就是连读和不完全爆破。

一、连读

在同一意群中,前一词以辅音音素结尾,后一词以元音音素开头,在说话或朗读句子时,习惯上很自然地将这两个音素合拼在一起读出来,这种语音现象叫连读。如:We have an English friend. 这个句子有两处连读:前一处是have的尾辅音/v/与an 的开头元音//连读为/v/;后一处是an的尾辅音/n/与English的开头音素/i/连读为/ni/。

还有一种连读叫/r/连读。在短语或句子中,前一词以-r或-re结尾,后一词以元音开头时,可将/r/与后面的元音拼读。如:They looked for it here and there.这个句子也有两处连读:前

一处是for it合读为/frit/,后一处是here and合读为/hirnd/。连读现象只出现在意群内部,意群与意群之间的两个相邻单词即使符合上面所讲的两个条件,也不连读。如:I hope it\'ll get a little warmer. 这个句子中的hope it就不连读为/hupit/,因为主句I hope是一个意群,后面的从句是另一个意群。

二、不完全爆破

在朗读句子或某些单词时,爆破音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/, /g/在一定情况下不必爆破出来,就是说气流不必冲破阻碍,而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,稍作停顿后马上过渡到后面的音,这种现象叫不完全爆破。

不完全爆破可发生在单词内部,如bla (ck) board, foo (t) ball, ke (p) t等。括号中的辅音字母对应的辅音音素/k/,/t/,/p/稍作停顿,没发出音来。

不完全爆破在两个相邻单词之间出现的情况非常多。①爆破音中的任何两个爆破音相邻时,前一爆破音失去爆破。如a bi(g) car等。②爆破音中的任何一个后接摩擦音/f/,/s/,//,//时,前面的爆破音失去爆破。如I didn\'(t) say so. ③爆破音后接/t/,/d/,/tr/,/dr /时,前面的爆破音失去爆破。如a grea(t) change等。④爆破音后接/m/,/n/,/l/时,前面的爆破音失去爆破。如a bi(t) more expensive等。

连读的条件:相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关,同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而

过,不可读得太重,也不可音。(连读符号:~)

(1)“辅音+元音”型连读

在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。

I’m~an~English boy.

It~is~an~old book.

Let me have~a look~at~it.

Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.

I called~you half~an~hour~ago.

Put~it~on, please.

Not~at~all.

Please pick~it~up.

(2)“r/re+元音”型连读

如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。

They’re my father~and mother.

I looked for~it here~and there.

There~is a football under~it.

There~are some books on the desk.

Here~is a letter for you.

Here~are four~eggs.

But where~is my cup?

Where~are your brother~and sister?

但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。

The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer与and不可连读)

(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读

英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。

Thank~you.

Nice to meet~you.

Did~you get there late~again?

Would~you like~a cup~of tea?

Could~you help me, please?

“音的同化”

—常把/d/+/j/读成/d/,did you听上成了/d i d?u/,would you 成了/wu d?u/,could you成了/ku d?u/。

(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。

I~am Chinese.

He~is very friendly to me.

She wants to study~English.

How~and why did you come here?

She can’t carry~it.

It’ll take you three~hours to walk there.

The question is too~easy for him to answer.

(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。

Is~it a~hat or a cat?(hat与or之间不可以连读)

There~is~a good book in my desk. (book与in之间不可以连读)

Can you speak~English or French? (English与or之间不可以连读)

Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning? (meet 与at,eight与or之间不可以连读)

She opened the door and walked~in. (door与and之间不可以连读)

失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/

失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。

(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型

6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。

The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike .

The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.

Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?

This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.

The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.

We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.

What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?

It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.

You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.

I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a go o(d) book.

(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音,其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。

6个爆破音有3对/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。

(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。

The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now. The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.

Wha(t) time does he get up every morning

This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.

The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.

We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.

What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?

It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.

You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.

I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a goo(d) book.

(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音,其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/,/s/,/W/,/T/等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。

Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.

Goo(d) morning, dear.

Uncle Li’s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.

I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.

-Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don’(t) know. The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.

四、基本语调

1.降调,用于以下句型

a.陈述句,如:I wish you happiness.

b.特殊问句,如:How are you?

c.祈使句,如:Come in!

d.感叹句,如:What a hot day!

2.升调,由于一般疑问句,如:Have you finished your homework?

3.先升后降,由于选择问句,如:Are you a student or a teacher?

4.先降后升,用于反意疑问句,如:He won't come home for lunch, will he?

五、句子重音的功能

1.体现句子的节奏感和韵律感.

2.突出重点,使听者更容易理解.

哪些词在句子中需重读?

1.一般来说,在句子中需重读的词都是实词,比如,名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、代词等.不重读的多为虚词,比如,冠词、连词、介词、感叹词等.

例如:

The streets are wide and clean. (这句话中的streets是名词,wide和clean是形容词,它们都要重读;the, are, and不重读.)

I am so glad to see you again. (这句话中的so, glad, see, again 要重读,而I, am, to, you不重读.)

2.有时候虚词也要重读,以下几点需注意:

1)强调或突出某个虚词或be动词时,应将其重读.例如:

We saw him playing by the river.(这句话中的we和him一般不重读,但为了表示强调也可以重读.比如,如果we重读,则强调是#我们#而不是别人看见.)

2)介词在句首时往往要重读.例如:

On my way to school, my bike was broken. (这句话中的on在句首应重读.)

3)be动词及助动词和not结合时要重读.例如:I]m sorry I can]t do that. (这句话中的can]t要重读.)

Didn]t I tell you yesterday? (这句话中的didn]t要重读.)

4)句子末尾的be动词和助动词一般要重读.例如:

-Are you a student? -Yes, I am. (这里的am要重读.)

注意:上文刚出现过的并且重读的单词,第二次提到时一般不再重读?如:

-How many boys are there in the room? -There are twenty boys in it. (问句中的boys要重读,但答语中的boys不重读.)

美语发音视频教程Paul Gruber主讲全程15个系列教程文本

Session One 1. Consonant R 2. Consonant W Hi, I’m your instructor Paul Gruber and welcome to the Pronunciation Workshops---First Training Session. I am very excited that you have taken this first step to improve your English pronunciation and I do hope that you would enjoy this program and receive great benefits from it. Before we begin I wanna make sure that you have downloaded and printed out the training manual which accompanies this course. If you have not yet done so, please do it soon because you’ll definitely need it. Now you may be wondering how is it that I am going to help you change the way you speak. Well, basically, when you learned English as a second language, you kept many of the sounds and speech rules from your first language and you were continuing to use them when you speak English. This is what gives you an accent. Y ou were using the sounds and speech rules from your native language instead of the sounds and speech rules of English. And you know why? Well, because when you learned English, nobody ever showed you what the sounds and speech rules of English were until now. That’s why I’m coming . Because I am going to show you and train you on how to use these sounds and speech rules correctly. Knowing in using these rules will help you reduce or possibly even eliminate your accent. Now throughout the program you’re often going to see me point to my mouth to show you how to produce a particular sound. I want you to pay close attention and try to copy exactly what it is I am doing. I would be showing you how to correctly form new sounds by changing the position of your tongue or changing the shape of your lips. These small changes are going to make very big changes in your speech. We’re going to practising and I recommend that you use the training manual and try to practise often. When you practise, I recommend that you start out speaking slowly out loud in a strong voice while exaggerating all the mouth movements. What would you be doing is retraining the muscles of your mouth in your tongue to move in new ways, which will produce a new pronunciation patterns. These new speech patterns will slowly and eventually involve into your own spontaneous fast speech, but it is important that you start out going very slow. If you can pronunce words and sentences correctly speaking slowly, well, then you’ll have no problem in saying them fast. I believe practising is important, but I do not believe it’s the only key towards success. Being aware of your errors. That’ s the key. Being aware and also recognizing mistakes when you hear them will probably be the most important factors towards your improvement. Another thing I’d like you to keep in mind and I’m sure you may have noticed this already is that when most Americans speak you will notice that we seem to open our mouth a lot and there is a great amount of mouth movements. Watch my mouth when I say something like “Wow, was there really raining on Wednesday!” Did you see how my mouth seemed to

美式英语发音th

Session Three 1. The Unvoiced TH Sound 2. The Voiced TH Sound 3. THR Blends 4. Voicing the T Sound Hi, welcome back. Again my name is Paul Gruber and this is the Pronunciation Workshops---Third Training Session. In this class, we will cover the American TH sounds, both the unvoiced TH[θ] and the voiced TH[e]. This is one of my favorite areas because when you correctly produce TH sounds, you will significantly improve the way you speak English. Later on in this video, we’ll also address voiced T sounds. Now except for maybe a few languages, English is one of the only languages in the world that has TH sound when your tongue comes out between your teeth[θ] that you may have a difficult time with this sound because this sound probably does not exist in your own native language. Therefore, you don’t think to use the sound when you speak English. Most likely, you just substitute another sound, like a T or an S. So instead of saying a word like Thumb, my Thumb, which this is and notice my tongue is coming out. My thumb. You’ve been saying Tumb. My Tumb or my Sumb and your tongue is not coming out. That is not correct. If you made mistake like this and connected speech over and over again. There’s a good chance people are not going to understand you. I have found that some people from different cultures of the world find the idea of sticking out their tongue when they speak to be rude and offensive even if it is to produce a TH sound, I want you to understand that this is how American speak English and it is something that you must become comfortable with if you wish to speak well. To produce TH sound correctly you need to first stick your tongue out between your teeth and bite down slightly[θ],then blow[θ].

英语语音教程教案

英语语音教程教案 张业雀 Unit 1 本章的学习内容是音节、重音、节奏及如何打招呼和道别。 音节(Syllable):能构成音节的音必须是比邻近的音更为响亮而突出的音。元音的发音响亮,所有的元音都能构成音节。辅音的发音较弱,一般不能单独构成音节,只有三个响辅音[m][n][l]可以同它们前面的另外一个辅音构成章节。例: good /???? (1)father / ?????? (2) familiar /?????●??? (3) practice English / ???????? ????●??? (4) 重音(Stress):在双音节或多音节英语单词里,通常有一个音节特别响亮,这个音节就是具有单词重音的音节。重音音节的音调通常更长、更响亮、更高。有三种强度不同的级别:重音、次重音、非重音。由两个名词组成的合成词,重音通常落在第一个名词上。例:beautiful / ??◆????◆●/ (3) important / ?????????? / (3) pronunciation / ???????????????/ (5) possibility / ???????●???/ (5) snowman / ???????/ (2) cowboy / ??????/ (2) 节奏(Rhythm):英语节奏的特点表现为重读音节出现的间隔大致相等。例: There are 10 students in the class. (8) They will have a meeting tomorrow. (9) I bought a book yesterday. (7) 语言功能:打招呼、道别 常用句型:1. hello/hi 2. my name is … 3. Shall I call you…? 4. Good to see you. 5. See you later.

英语读音训练(DOC)

一、国际音标 音标是记录音素的符号,是音素的标写符号。它的制定原则是:一个音素只用一个音标表示,而一个音标并不只表示一个音素(双元音就是由2个音素组成的,相对于单元音来说。由2个音素构成的音标我们称之为双元音),如汉语的拼音字母、英语的韦氏音标和国际音标等。 1.什么是音素:音素是语音的最小单位。 2.音素的分类:元音和辅音。 3.音素的个数:共48个,元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。 4.什么是音标:记录音素的符号叫做音标。 5.什么是国际音标:国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的音标,用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。 6.开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello 7.闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup, let, mad b)元音+辅音:it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant 8. 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 9. 元音(Vowel)和辅音( Consonant)的定义:

发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音。 不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音。 发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。 发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。 元音部分(20个) 英语用到的国际音标部分如下: [i:] [?:] [ɑ:] [?:] [u:] [?] [e] [?] [?] [?] [?] [?] [ei]、[ai]、[?i]、[i?]、[??]、[u?]、[au] 、[?u] 单元音(12个) 长元音 /i:/ /?:/ /ɑ:/ /?:/ /u:/ 短元音 /?/ /e/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ 双元音(8个) /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ 辅音部分(28个) [p]、[b] 、[t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[e]、[?]、[?]、[t?]、[d?] [tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[?]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]

地道美式英语发音规则及总结

1. 击穿连读 (1)/h/很弱,很容易被击穿 with+him=with(h)im with+her=with(h)er (2)/t/和/d/在/n/后通常被击穿 twenty--twen(t)y internet--in(t)ernet wanted--wan(t)ed and+I=an(d) I (3)/th/在/n/后有时也被击穿 seen+that=seen (th)at I've never seen that movie. (4)with后如果有弱读的元音音节,with有时会变成/wit/ with+our=wit(h)ar with+it=wit(h)Di 2. 失去爆破 爆破音(t d k g p b)后接除了/j/, /w/, /r/之外的辅音要失去爆破 *遇到/h/可算到击穿连读的情况里 3. 融合 t+j=ch Nice to meet you. d+j=d3 I called you yesterday. s+j=sh God bless you. z+j=3 I'll do as you wish. 4. 闷音 garden, student, sentence 5.浊化 (1)t的浊化 Italy, later, better Italian, hotel (2)s后爆破轻辅音的浊化 sky, star, speak 一、连读的条件: 相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关,同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可读得太重,也不可音。(连读符号:~) 二、连读规则 1.“辅音+元音”型连读 在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。 I’m~an~English boy. It~is~an~old book. Let me have~a look~at~it.

英语语音训练材料(英语48个音标认读与操练)

英语语音训练材料 英语音标构成(共48个,元音20个,辅音28个): 一、元音 前元音:[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ ? ] [ i: ] 音标特征:前元音舌位高不圆唇长元音 发音要诀:舌前部抬得最高,牙齿近乎全合。舌尖抵下齿。 舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,但比汉语普通话“i”音稍低, 没有摩擦。 嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平行. 做微笑状,发[ i: ]长音。 注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。 发音组合: e ee ea ie ei 代表单词:m e h e w e e ven b ee f ee l br ee ze d ee p fr ee s ea t b ea t l ea d t ea ea t r ea son gr ie f bel ie ve ach ie ve rec ei ve conc ei ve [ i ] 音标特征: 前元音半高音扁平唇短元音 发音要诀: 舌前部比[i:]稍低,比[e]高,舌尖抵下齿,嘴唇扁平分开。

牙床也开得稍大一些比[ i:]稍宽,比[ e ]窄。 上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。 使下颚稍稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出短促[ i ]音。发音组合: i 代表单词: s i t b i t k i ck p i ck w i sh 音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ] s ea t s i t b ea t b i t sh ee p sh i p [ e ] 音标特征:前元音半高音不圆唇短元音 发音要诀:舌尖抵下齿, 舌前部稍抬起, 舌后接近硬颚, 比[ i:] 低。 牙床也开得半开半合,比[ i:] 宽,整体做微笑状。 上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。 发音组合: e ea a 代表单词:p e n t e n b e st b e g e gg n e t br ea d h ea ven m a rry a ny m a ny 音标对比:[ i ] [ e ] s i t s e t l i ft l e ft d i d d ea d [?] 音标特征: 前元音低舌音不圆唇短元音 发音要诀: 舌前部最低,双唇向两旁平伸,成扁平行 牙床开的最大。软颚升起, 唇自然开放 上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指加中指。 发音组合: a 代表单词: c a p m a p b a d m a d b a nk th a nk l a mp 音标对比: [e] [?] b e g b a g m e t m a t

美语发音规则上课讲义

美语发音规则

音变主要有连读、失音、弱化、浊化、同化、重音、缩读等形式。这些形式的产生可以归结为一个原则,即“Economy” —“经济”原则或称为“省力”原则。我的语言学老师说,他曾一度为选择的研究方向为语言学而懊悔,因为那时他认为语言学既枯燥又不实用,但这一省力原则却化解了他所有的苦恼,并让他为语言学着迷。因为“省力”这两个简单的字眼可以解释几乎所有的音变现象,人是很懒的,对于最经常的行为——说话,当然要想许多省事的法子,于是也就产生了多种为省力而衍变的音变现象。牢记省力原则,在我们读英语的时候,让自己的唇舌处于放松的状态,轻松的去读英语,我想发音的感觉一定会有所不同。 言归正题, 以下列出给听力造成很大障碍的五种音变现象及其读音规则,以及最后一项关于节奏的小文章,希望能有所帮助! 一、连读 连读有两种规则,分别为: 1、以辅音结尾的单词+元音开头的单词:要连读 如:I’d li(ke a)nother bow(l o)f rice. 这里like / laik / 以辅音结尾,another 以元音开头,所以连读 注意: 以辅音结尾指的是音标中的最后一个音是辅音,而不是单词的结尾,这如同u[ju:.]niversity前面的定冠词必须用a 一样。 2、以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词h不发音,与前面的辅音 what wil(l he) [wili]do? Ha(s he) done it before? Mus(t he) [ti] go? Can he do it?

Should he….? Tell him to ask her…. Lea(ve him) [vim]. For him (连读这个词,会发现和forum 很相似) 我第一次知道这一连读规则时,兴奋不已,很容易的听懂了许多以前觉得很难以理解的句子, 并且按照这种连读方式发音省力、轻松了许多。再次证实”Economy”。 二、音的同化 音的同化也是一种连读的现象,两个词之间非常平滑的过渡,导致一个音受临音影响而变化。主要是以下三种方式: 1、辅音[d]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[dэ]:Would you....? 2、辅音[t]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[t∫]:Can’t you...? 3、辅音[s]与[j]相邻时, 被同化为[∫]: Miss you 三、失音 由于失去爆破是失音的一种现象,摩擦音也会被失去,所以统称为失音。 注意: 爆破音并不是完全失去,仍然形成阻碍,把气流堵在里面,但不爆破,直接发出相邻的辅音。 规则: 1、辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破。 这样的例子有很多很多,红色标注的辅音不发音: Sit down: 发音再次的老师都不会发出 [t] 音 Contact lens:

英语语音教程教案

英语语音 元音辅音的学习 一、元音 熟悉元音舌位图对于准确掌握元音的发音非常重要。通过元音舌位图的指导,在元音学习时明白舌位的变化,在练习的过程中能有意识地感到发音的部位。舌头抬起的高度(high、mid、low);舌头最高部分的位置(front、central、back);元音的长度或强度(long or short; tense or lax);唇的圆展(rounded or unrounded) 二、辅音 在辅音学习中,对发音常识的认知,比如发音与发音器官的关系,唇齿音的位置,肌肉的紧张与松弛程度,声带的振动与否,气流的通道是口腔还是鼻腔等,都将对音的准确与否产生影响。在学习过程中,发音常识能给与理性指导。辅音的分类非常细致,总共有6个爆破音;9个摩擦音;2个塞擦音;3个鼻音;3个近似音;1

个边音。 注意,在英语中有/b//d//g//p//k/等辅音,汉语中也有。但汉语中的/b//d//g/等是不送气的,声带基本不震动。所以大家可以感受到,英语辅音是压迫出声的,气流冲破感要强得多,声带震动也强烈。如果我们仍用发汉语辅音的习惯去发英语辅音,那么会有“波”“泼”“摸”之类的音出现,cat会发成“凯特”,book会发成“布克”等等。这就是明显的中式英语,所以应特别注意英语辅音中发音时的气流冲破感。 三、常见易错易混元音、辅音 前元音/i/ /i:/ 和短元音/I/ /i/ Believe me. 相信我。 It's a deal. 一言为定。 I mean it. 我是认真的。 Zip your lips! 闭上你的嘴! It's Greek to me. 我完全听不懂。 Business is business. 公事公办。 I beat him down to fifteen.我把价给他杀到了15元。 后元音/?/和/?:/

英语发音练习准则

英语发音练习准则 规律一 一个说英语不超过十个小时的中国人,根本就没有什么顽固的英 语口音。 对于不自信的同学我们应该这样来理解,我们虽然学外语十几年了,读的却不多,真正到说就更少的可怜了,所以即使有错误习惯, 或是发音的口音都不是什么大问题,况且对于一个说英语不超过十个 小时的中国人来说,我们根本就不具备什么英语口音。 规律二 发音的模仿是从精听模仿开始的。 所谓精听是体现在反复多遍的听,同时亦是反复多遍的听一个句子。其实我们的母语学习就能很清楚的反映出这个规律。任何一个土 生土长的中国人或是美国人,他们的地道的发音,第一句话“爸爸, 妈妈”又何尝不是反复的听了上千遍,又模仿了上千遍才变得这样地 道的呢? 规律三 等听到对声音有了印象了再开始模仿。 在学习绘画的时候,我们会被要求要仔细观察物体的轮廓,明暗,及色彩细致入微的每一处变化,如此才能够在画纸上表现得更出色。 一个观察不仔细的人是画不出出神入化的作品的。对声音的印象越深刻,也就越能更好的让自己开口模仿。 规律四 模仿是从听开始的,听准确的发音还有听自己的发音,同学们知 道在模仿发音的时候要多听,但是很多同学们还仅仅多听,很少开口 去读自己所听到的东西,更很少去细心比较两者之间的不同,这就好

比学习舞蹈一样,在仔细观看教练跳的同时,我们更要仔细的观察自 己跳舞的动作,再作出比较。 规律五 真正决定你发音好坏的不但仅是你的嘴型,舌位,而是你的脑海 中对准确发音的印象深刻与否。 同学们一提到发音的学习,就会很快联想到嘴型,舌位,口腔图。不过绝大部分在学校或是班里发音很好的同学,他们无一例外的是经 过大量的听,而并不都是很熟悉这些所谓的嘴型,舌位的解释,更有 很多外国人,也根本讲不清楚他们的嘴型与舌位如何,如何,显然提 升发音的练习重在体会,而体会的养成在于一开始你听的多吗?对英语 的声音你听到了很熟悉吗? 规律六 帮你真正纠正自己发音的永远是你自己。 经常有同学找到老师要求老师协助纠正发音,老师读过之后,同 学会似懂非懂的点点头,当时好像是懂了,在老师的指导下发声,有 时会有一两次发音对了,但是回去之后,发现感觉又回到了开始,其 实靠听老师读几次是远远不够的,我们要反复的多听,复读机应该是 我们练习发音的老师,磁带的发音会更加地道,而且没有有些外籍老 师的口音,当然最重要的是他永远都会非常热心,不知疲倦的重复的 念给你听。 规律七 改变发音的过程是是一个持续调整的过程,更是养成良好的发声 习惯的过程 对于发音比较流利的有两种.其一是发音好坏并不重要,只要能说 出口,大概能表达的意思也就能够了。这种说法不能认可。因为发音 的好坏直接关系到听力及使用语言的自信。其二是发音好了才能够练

英语语音训练-长元音

英语语音训练-长元音 【发音规则】嘴张大,舌身放平,舌尖离开下齿,舌后部微微打起,下巴放低,轻松发音。 以下这些字母及组合发这个音: [ a: ] a ar al au ear uar 单词: a - f a st cl a ss gl a ss b a sket f a ther r a ther ar - b ar k c ar d f ar m p ar k st ar p ar ty g ar den al - h al f c al m au - l au gh ear - h ear t uar - g uar d守卫;警戒 短语/句子: rather fast a large garden in my heart The car is rather smart. 2. [ ?: ] 【发音规则】舌后缩,舌后部略抬高,双唇收的又圆又小,并向前突出。 以下这些字母及组合发这个音: [ ?: ] a ar or al au aw our oor 单词: a - w a ter ar - w ar or - f or h or se sh or t f or ty sp or t m or e al -b al l f al l w al l t al l au - au tumn aw - l aw our - f our teen oor - d oor fl oor 短语/句子: chalk and blackboard John bought a door. There are four more balls by the wall. Her daughter put some salt in the water. 3. [ ?: ] 【发音规则】舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起,双唇向两旁伸开,上下齿微微张开,嘴成扁平型。 以下这些字母及组合发这个音: [ ?: ] e ea ir or ur era 单词: e - t e rm

英语音标发音规则70030

1 元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [i] 发音字母i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [] 发音字母a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve

work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [] 发音字母u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) []字母组合al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn

(完整版)英语语音发音部位及方法

英语语音发音部位及方法 第一章发音部位 一、发音器官 二、唇形(口型)

(1)双唇紧闭 (2)自然开口 (3)扁唇:微笑 (4)大圆唇:尽量张大口 (5)小圆唇:口型渐渐变小 第二章元音(Vowel)发音方法 一、单元音(Monophthong) 1.前元音(4 Front Vowels) 1)/i:/——舌尖抵下齿龈,但不要抵得太紧。略略扁唇,像微笑的口型。发音时间略长。(Open your mouth just a little for the sound. Spread your lips into a smile. Push

your tongue forward in your mouth. It’s a long sound. Move your tongue up a little as you say it.) 2) /I/(/i/)——先发/i:/,在此基础上,嘴角稍微收小一点,开口略大一点,舌尖靠近,但不要紧贴下齿龈,发音时间相对较短。(Open your mouth just a little more for this sound. Don’t spread your lips into a smile. The sound is shorter, more relaxed than /i:/.) 3)/e/(ε)——舌尖抵下齿龈,不要抵得太紧。口略开,约可放入一个指尖。不扁唇,口型自然放松,发音时间相对较短。(Practice the sound /I/, then open your mouth a little more for this sound. It is a short and relaxed sound.) 4)/?/——舌尖抵下齿龈,双唇尽量向两边张开,嘴角肌肉感到紧张。开口程度大,约可放入食指和中指交叠。不扁唇。(Practice the sound / e /, then open your mouth a little more for this sound.) 2.后元音(5 Back Vowels) 1)/a:/——松弛自然,口张到最大,不要撅嘴,舌尖离开下齿龈,长元音。(Practice the sound /?/, then open your mouth wide for this sound. Your tongue should rest in the bottom of your mouth.)

英语发音训练操

Hello English金山哈罗英语: 英语发音完美训练金山编著 我们的目标:I can speak good English! 热身运动warm up :口腔肌肉操?五一运动 一.字母练习:MISSISSIPPI 二.短元音:急促有力 经典收小腹减肥短“衣”音 经典练习: Give me a kiss. Business is business. 发音时好象有鱼骨头卡在喉咙里 经典练习: Impossible! No problem! 经典收小腹减肥圆唇短“乌”音 经典练习: I’m a good cook. She has a good look. 大嘴巴音---爱就大声说出来 手势辅助发音 经典练习: Are you mad? Stand back! 小嘴巴音---说“谢谢”停顿下来的口型 手势辅助发音 经典练习: You are my best friend. Davy is a bad egg.

经典收小腹减肥急促短“啊“音 手势辅助发音 经典练习: I love money. Hurry up! 经典收小腹减肥音---中文语气停顿词汇“呃”! 经典练习: Welcome to China. Forget it! 三.长元音:清晰响亮 穿针引线----微笑音 手势辅助发音 经典练习: Say cheese! Pleased to meet you! 恍然大悟音----“哦” 经典练习: The more , the better. That’s all my fault. 小圆唇汽笛音----“呜-呜-呜” 经典练习: You are so cool. Who can tell me the truth? 极度抒情----气吞山河感叹音“啊” 经典练习: Never lose heart! After you! 一个激发你潜能的音---“饿” 经典练习: Perfect! Your T-shirt is dirty.

英语语音练习

Unit 1 Basic Concepts: Syllables, Stress & Rhythm Listening Exercise 1 When we learn to speak English, we are learning a new way of listening and speaking. The purpose of this textbook is to try to make your ears sharper for the sounds of English and the way the sounds are organized; to help you get familiar with pitch movements of English utterances and the message it conveys; and to help you improve your English pronunciation and intonation. When you can hear English properly you will be able to improve your spoken English. Listening Exercise 2 In words with two or more syllables in English, one of the syllables will receive more stress than the others. Look up these words in the dictionary and you will see a mark indicating stress in front of this syllable. People often have difficulty understanding these words if the stress is wrong because a word is considered mispronounced if the wrong syllable stress is used. Correct stress is, therefore, as important as correct sounds. Listening Exercise 3 Listen to the following words and underline the primary stress of each word. Example: soft ware Sun day 1.blueprint 2.driveway 3.motorboat 4.textbook 5.beefsteak 6.notebook 7.greenhouse 8.forestfire 9.football 10.paperback Listening Exercise 4 Listen to the pitch change on the long stressed syllables of the following words. Underline the stressed syllable of each of the words. Example: air plane ( 2 ) 1. receive ( ) 2.dictionary ( ) 3.understand ( ) 4. because ( ) 5. considered ( ) 6. mispronounced ( ) 7. correct ( ) 8.important ( ) 9.timetable ( ) 10.textbook ( ) Listening Exercise 5 Listen to the following sentences. Decide how many syllables are in each sentence. Example: They worked all night ( 4 )

英语中的一些音变现象及读音规则

英语中的一些音变现象及读音规则 我们都有过这样沮丧的经验,很容易听懂中国人说的英语,但是同样的对话一到英美人的嘴里,便觉得很难跟上,有时甚至是不知所云。这主要是因为我们说的英语通常单词之间很清晰,词与词之间有明显的pause, 但是英美人的口语会有很多音变,这些音变使得我们很熟悉的单词的发音变得陌生,难懂,给我们的听力造成了很大的困难,因此了解并使用各音变规则会帮助我们提高听力,使我们的发音更加地道。 音变主要有连读、失音、弱化、浊化、同化、重音、缩读等形式。这些形式的产生可以归结为一个原则,即“Economy” —“经济”原则或称为“省力”原则。我的语言学老师说,他曾一度为选择的研究方向为语言学而懊悔,因为那时他认为语言学既枯燥又不实用,但这一省力原则却化解了他所有的苦恼,并让他为语言学着迷。因为“省力”这两个简单的字眼可以解释几乎所有的音变现象,人是很懒的,对于最经常的行为——说话,当然要想许多省事的法子,于是也就产生了多种为省力而衍变的音变现象。牢记省力原则,在我们读英语的时候,让自己的唇舌处于放松的状态,轻松的去读英语,我想发音的感觉一定会有所不同。 言归正题, 以下列出给听力造成很大障碍的几种音变现象及其读音规则,以及最后一项关于节奏的小文章,希望能有所帮助! 一、连读 连读有四种类型:1. Consonant / Vowel 2. Consonant / Consonant 3 .Vowel / Vowel 4. T, D, S, or Z + Y 1、以辅音结尾的单词+元音开头的单词:要连读 例如:I’d li(ke a)nother bow(l o)f rice. 这里like / laik / 以辅音结尾,another 以元音开头,所以连读。 注意:以辅音结尾指的是音标中的最后一个音是辅音,而不是单词的结尾,这如 同u[ju:]niversity前面的定冠词必须用a 一样。 另外:以辅音结尾的单词+ h开头的单词h不发音,人称代词:he、him、her、 his与前面的辅音连读。 what wil(l he) [wili]do?

相关文档
最新文档