非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一,同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。但是,只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握,就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄,游刃有余。

一.非谓语动词区别简表

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二.不定式的用法

不定式不可作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语、状语,构成不定式短语,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表用途)、状语或补足语。高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词+不定式等。

作主语

不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。

不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。)

(2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。

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eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。)

②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。)

③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。)

2.作宾语

(1)常只用不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide, ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choose,ref use,fail,manage,pretend等。

eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.)

②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已

同意明天来.)

(2) 不定式较长时,作宾语,也可用it代替,放在后面。

!

eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.

(3) “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征,可作宾语。

eg:①She didn’t know whether to go or not.

②They haven’t decided when and where to build the school.

(4)不定式可作介but,except,besides(除……之外)的宾语,介词前有实义动词do的任何一种形式,后边的不定式就无to,否则必带to。

eg:①I want to do nothing but play the computer games。

②I have no choice but to wait。

3.动词不定式作表语

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(1)不定式作表语放在be和其他系动词后,说

明主语的内容。同样,“特殊疑问词+不定式”具有名词特征,也可作表语。

eg:①My job is to sweep the floor.

②His goal was to enter the key university of Beijing.

③The first question is how to find a better way to learn English well.

(2)不定式作主语时,表语也必须为不定式,结构必须保持一致。

eg:To see is to believe.

(3)如果主语部分的谓语动词或非谓语动词是实义动词do的某种形式,那么作表语的不定式可以省去to.

eg:①The first thing to do is find her.

②The only thing he could do was tell the truth.

4.不定式作定语

不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词后。

eg:①I have something important to tell you.(不定式与被修饰名词构成被动关系。)

②His wish to an artist has never come true.( 不定式与被修饰名词构成同位关系。) He is the right man to do the job. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。)

The little girl was unhappy because she had no friends to

play with. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。)(注:若不定式为不及物动词,其后须加上相应的介词。)

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5.不定式作状语

不定式作状语主要是表示目的、条件、原因和结果,可位于句首或句末,但句首时通常用逗号隔开。

eg:①We set off early that morning to catch the first bus.(目的)

②To get a good result,she worked very hard.

(目的)

③I feel it an honor to be invited to the party.(条件)

④She was very happy to get the first prize.(原因)

⑤He worked hard only to fail.(结果)

(注:1.不定式常用在so as 或in order后,与它们一起作谓语,表示目的,但so as引起的不定式不可置于句首。

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eg:In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework.

2.不定式表目的常和only连用,往往表示出乎意料的意想不到的不愿得到的结果。

eg:He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.)

3.“形容词+enough+不定式”和“too+形容词或副词(不表情感)+不定式”也可作结果状语。

eg:①He is old enough to go to school.

②He is too weak to raise the stone.

但“too+表情感形容词

(pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious等)+to do”表示肯定意义,too前面可用only,but等词修饰。eg:①They were (only) too anxious to leave.(他们只是太急于离开了。)

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②She is (only) too pleased to go home.(她非常高兴可以回家了。)

6.不定式作补语

不定式作补语表示动作的完成。宾语与作补语的不定式之间是主动关系。

(1)后接动词不定式作宾补的常见动词有:want,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg,request, require,beg,get,advise,persuade,invite,order,remi nd,permit,allow,send,callon,wouldlike/love,arrang e for,depend on等。

eg:①She wanted me to arrive there early.

②Our headmaster call on us to work hard.(2)动词不定式可作感官动词(五看二听一感觉即:see,look at,watch,observe,notice,

hear,listen to,feel)和使让动词(let,make,have 等)后面的宾补时,不定式符号to要省略,但如果句子变被动结构,必须带to.表示动作的完成。eg:①He made them climb the hill.

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②They were made to climb the hill.

(3)动词不定式可作形容词的补足语

动词不定式可作形容词的补足语,句型为:(一)主语+系动词+表语(adj为

convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossi ble/pleasent等)+to do.(注:to do常用主动表被动,其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。)(二)主语+find/think/consider/believe等+宾语+adj+to do.(注:其中to do常用主动表被动,其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。)

eg:①He is easy to fool.

②Thewomanishardtoworkwith.

③Hefindthejobdifficulttodo.

:

(4)“特殊疑问词+不定式to do”具有名词特征,可作宾补。(谓语动词多为show,know,teach,tell等。)

eg:I’ll tell you how to get there

7不定式作评注性状语或插入语

不定式可以作评注性状语或插入语,放在句子前面、中间或末尾。常见的有to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,to begin with,to start with,to be short等。

eg:To begin with,I thinkyou are wrong.

三.动名词用法

动名词具有动词和名词的特点,有一般式和完成式,有主动式和被动式,可作主语、宾语、表语

和定语.否定形式在其前面加not.

(1)动名词作主语

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动名词作主语表示抽象动作,指一件已知的事或经验。

eg:①Driving a car on the crowded road is boring.

②Reading is my hobby.

(2)常只用动名词作宾语的动词有:admit,avoid,appreciate,consider(考虑)dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mi nd,miss,practise,risk,resist,suggest等。

eg:①I can’t imagine marrying her.

②She managed to escape being punished.

以下动词词组后面只接动名词作宾语:give up,belong to,look forward to,keep on,insist on,be busy,get down to,be devoted to,have

difficulty/trouble(in),have agood/wonderful time (in)等。

eg:①I’m looking forward to hearing from you

soon.

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②He gave up smoking three years.

(3)动名词可作表语

动名词可作表语,一般为主语的内容.表示一般性或习惯性的动作。在概念上可以和主语划等号。把主语和表语倒过来,句子的基本含义不变。eg:His hobby is painting.

(4)动名词可作定语

动名词可作定语,表示所修饰事物的功能或用途。

eg:He often studies in the reading room.四.现在分词

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现在分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中作定语、状语、补语和表语。

1作定语

现在分词作定语,单个放在被修饰的名词前;如果短语作定语,则放在所修饰词的后面。动词-ing

作定语和被修饰词之间为主动关系,表示动作正在同时进行或经常性发生。

eg:①the falling leaves=the leaves which are falling

②the rising sun=the sun which is rising

③I saw him go into the house facing south.

2作状语

动词-ing或其短语作状语时,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。表示时间关系的动词-ing短语可由连词while或when 引出。

eg:①Hearing the news,they got excited.(时间)

②Having finished his homework,she was playing on the playground.(原因)

③Studying hard,you are sure to get the first prize.(条件)

3作补语

现在分词作补语表示动作正在进行,宾语与作补

语的现在分词之间是主动关系。

后面常接现在分词作宾补的动词有感官动词(五看二听一感觉see,look

at,watch,observe,notice,hear,listen to,feel)使让动词(have,get)以及其他类动词

leave,keep,catch,set等。表示动作正在进行。eg:①I saw them playing games on the playground yesterday.

②Don’t leave him waiting outside the room. '

4作表语

现在分词作表语相当于形容词,常表示主语所具有的特征,含有主动意味。大多数使动词的现在分词通常可作表语,常见的有:

interesting,amusing,boring,tiring,pleasing,exciting ,moving,disappointing,surpring,encouraging等。eg:①His story was very moving.

②The speech is really boring.

5作评注性状语或插入语

可以作评注性状语或插入语,放在句子前面、中间或末尾。

五.过去分词

过去分词既有副词的特征又有动词的特征,在句中可作定语、状语、补语、表语等成分。

(1)作定语

过去分词作定语,它和被修饰词之间是被动、完成关系,单个过去分词作定语放在前,过去分词短语作定语放在后。其中及物动词的过去分词表示完成或被动概念,不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成概念,没有被动的意味。

eg: ①the risen sun =the sun which has risen

②fallen leaves=leaves which has fallen

③This is the house built several years ago.=This is the house which was built sveral years ago.

(2)作状语

过去分词在句中作状语,说明动作发生的背景或

情况。它和被修饰词之间是被动关系。它在句中可以作时间、条件、原因、方式、让步和伴随状语。

eg:①Tired out,they stopped to have a rest.(原因) @

②Taken around the city,we were impressed by the city’s new look.

③Though warned of the danger ,he still went skating on the thin ice.

(3)作补语

及物动词的过去分词作补语,和宾语之间构成被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表状态和完成。

(1)可以带过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词(五看二听一感觉),使役动词have,get,make等,以及其他类动keep,leave,like,want,wish等。

eg:①I can’t get the car going.

②I had my leg broken last week.

(4)作表语

;

过去分词作表语表示被动意义,主语常是人,一般用来表示感受和状态,可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有:

astonished,delighted,disappointed,excited,experie nced,exhausted,frightened,interested,puzzled,qual itied,satisfied,upset等,有些过去分词作表语实际上已经构成固定短语。如:be interested in,be satisfied with,be covered with,be dressed in,be seated,be locked等。能用这些分词作表语的系动词有be,get,remain,stay等。

eg:①The door remained locked.

②We were greatly encouraged when we heard the speech.

六.非谓语动词的独立结构

非谓语动词的独立结构为“名词或代词+非谓语动词”或“with+名词/代词+非谓语动词”。在语法上是一个独立的短语,不是句子(即:非谓

语动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致,须保留之后所构成的结构)。可放在句首或句尾。

(一) 名词或代词+非谓语动词

(1)名词/代词+不定式

名词或代词通常为动作的执行者,与不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系,可位于句首或句末。

eg:He will send me ﹩100 first,the rest to follow in a year.

(2) 名词/代词+现在分词

名词或代词通常为现在分词所表示的动作的执行者,与现在分词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

eg①:Time permiting,we finish the work.(表条件)②Spring coming on,the trees turns green.(表时间)

(3)名词/代词+过去分词

名词或代词通常为过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。与过去分词构成逻辑上的动宾关系或系表关系。

eg: ①The sigal given,the bus started.

②Their strength exhausted,they sank down one by one.(表原因)

·

(二)with+名词/代词+非谓语动词

(1)with+名词/代词+不定式

不定式和宾语之间是被动关系,表示动作尚未发生。

eg:With nothing to do,they went out for a walk.(表原因)

(2)with+名词/代词+现在分词

宾语和动词-ing之间是主动关系,表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生。

eg:The boy slept with the light burning.(表伴随)(3) with+名词/代词+过去分词

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不定式和宾语之间是被动关系,表示动作已经完成。

eg:They stayed inside with the door locked.(表伴

常用非谓语用法大总结

非谓语用法总结 一、非谓语动词的含义 非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。 二、非谓语动词的形式 非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下: 1.不定式 (1)基本形式:to do 表示主动,并且一般表示将来 (2)被动式:to be done 表示被动,并且一般表示将来 (3)进行式:to be doing 表示主动和进行 (4)完成时:to have done 表示主动和完成 (5)完成被动式:to have been done 表示被动和完成(6)完成进行式:to have been doing 表示主动和完成进行 2。动名词 (1)基本形式:doing 表示主动 (2)被动式:being done 表示被动 (3)完成式:having done 表示主动和完成

(4)完成被动式:having been done 表示被动和完成3.现在分词 (1)基本形式:doing 表示主动和进行(2)被动式:being done 表示被动和进行(3)完成式:having done 表示主动和完成(4)完成被动式:having been done 表示被动和完成4.过去分词 (1)done,及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成; (2)不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成 三、专题要点 非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下: 1。动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语; 2。只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语; 3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词; 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语,且意义不同的动词或短语; 5。不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别; 6。不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别; 7。不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别; 8。动名词的复合结构在句中作状语; 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式; 10.独立主格结构在句中作状语; 11。with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。

非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结 非谓语动词是历年高考英语的重要考点之一,同时也是较难掌握的难点之一。它贯穿于英语学习和考试过程的始终。但是,只要认真分析、透彻理解、看透本质、准确把握,就一定能在高考中运筹帷幄,游刃有余。 一.非谓语动词区别简表

二.不定式的用法 不定式不可作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语、状语,构成不定式短语,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表用途)、状语或补足语。高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词+不定式等。 作主语 不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。 不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。) (2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,

用it作形式主语。 eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。) ②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。) ③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。) 2.作宾语 (1)常只用不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decid e,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choos e,refuse,fail,manage,pretend等。 eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.) ②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.) (2) 不定式较长时,作宾语,也可用it代替,放在后面。

非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结 非谓语动词作主语 一.动词不定式作主语 1.不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。) 2. 不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。 ①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。) ②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。) ③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。)

二.动词ing不定式作主语 1.动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。 Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.(经常性、习惯性的动作) Talking is easier than doing.(状态) (1)动名词直接置于句首。 Talking is easier than doing. (2).Ving 形式作主语时常后置,用it作形式主语 Playing video games is a waste of time It is a waste of time playing video games 常见句式: It is no good/no use/ useless doing sth 做...没有用的 It is a waste of time doing sth做...是浪费时间的 (3).There be 结构中作主语: A. There is no+doing 表示不可能做某事 There is no knowing the future ==we can’t know the future. 我们不可能知道未来发生什么B.There is no point doing 做某事没有意义 There’s no point having wishes if you don’t at least try t o do them. 拓展:动名词作主语时,单个V-ing 做主语,谓语动词用单数。两个或两个以上表达不同意义的V-ing 作主语,谓语动词用复数。 Seeing ____ (be) believing. Watching TV and reading books _______(has) become a routine for me. 非谓语动词作宾语 一、动词不定式作宾语 1.常只用不定式作宾语的动词(即:动词+to do) 记忆口诀如下: 同意提出做计划, 要求答应来帮忙。 准备决定遭拒绝, 敢于选择有希望。 不能做到莫假装, 设法做成决心坚。 agree (同意);offer (提出);intend,plan (打算,计划);demand,ask (要求);promise (答应);help (帮忙);prepare (准备);decide (决定);refuse (拒绝);dare (敢于);choose (选择);wish,hope,want,expect (希望,想要);fail ;(不能;忘记);pretend (假装);manage (设法);determine(决心)。 ①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我. ②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.) 2.不定式较长时,作宾语,也可用it代替,放在后面。 I find it difficult to do the job well. 3. “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征,可作宾语。 ①She didn’t know whether to go or not. ②They haven’t decided when and where to build the school. 4.不定式可作介but,except,besides“除……之外”的宾语,介词前有实义动词do的任何一种形

非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解 动词的非谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式 不定式由“to十动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成. 1.不定式的用法: l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.例如: To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语.例如: He wanted to go. I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语.例如: He asked me to do the work with him. 注意:在feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice, observe,see,watch,have, let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to.但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to.例如 I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 注意:不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.如: She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go. 动词help之后,带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗?She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语.例如: I have some books for you to read. 注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词.例如: He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about.

非谓语动词用法总结大全

非谓语动词用法总结大全 非谓语动词是历年的热点、难点和重点。在学习非谓语动词时,好多同学感到"剪不断,理还乱"。所以在复习中,非常有必要通过观察、比较,归纳掌握其用法,并总结其用法。下面是店铺整理的非谓语动词用法总结大全,希望对大家的英语学习有所帮助。 最全面的非谓语动词用法总结 1 .不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2 .不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。

非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)

一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/主张consider 考虑can't help不禁can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike 不喜欢,讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. (6)概括性,一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting. Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性) Our work is serving the people. (7)动名词的逻辑主语为;①人称代词的所有格+动名词;②名词's+动名词。例如: Tom insisted on my going with them.他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late.他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。

非谓语的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖 非谓语动词不定式、动名词、分词不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中都不能单独作谓语;但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语;不定式表目的,表将来;动名词表主动,表进行;过去分词表被动,表完成; 一.作主语动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数 1不定式、动名词都可做主语,但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作,可以是多次的经常的行为;不定式多表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的动作;如: Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险;泛指玩火 To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险; 2用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的; 3不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较:表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现 时; It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4 “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语;如: When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢; Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题; 5一般情况下,不定式和动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式;如: Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实; . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语,谓语动词大多用复数如果前后动名词的语义一致,谓语 一般用单数;如:Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的; 6 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构;如: ----- What made him angry ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late made him angry. 7being,构成动名词,做主语;如: . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习:

非谓语动词用法总结

非谓语动词用法总结 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。接下来,小编给大家准备了非谓语动词用法总结,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。 非谓语动词用法总结 1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

非谓语动词的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结 非谓语动词是英语中一种特殊的动词形式,它不具备时态和人称的变化,常用 的非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词在句子中可以作多种不同的成分,包括主语、宾语、定语等,下面将详细总结非谓语动词的用法。 动词不定式 1.作主语: –To work is important for everyone. –To study every day is necessary. 2.作宾语: –She wants to learn Mandarin. –He decided to visit his parents. 3.作定语: –This is a book to read. –I need a pen to write with. 动名词 1.作主语: –Reading is my favorite hobby. –Swimming is good for health. 2.作宾语: –She enjoys listening to music. –He avoids eating fast food. 3.作定语: –She bought a dress made of silk. –They prefer a hotel offering free breakfast. 分词 1.现在分词作定语: –The falling leaves covered the ground. –The crying baby needs attention. 2.过去分词作定语: –The broken window was fixed. –The written report was submitted. 总的来说,非谓语动词在句子中具有多种用法,能够起到不同的语法成分作用,灵活运用非谓语动词可以使句子更加简洁明了,提高语言表达的质量。希望以上总结对理解和运用非谓语动词有所帮助。

非谓语动词用法汇总

非谓语动词汇总 一、D oing 1、只能接V-ing的动词有:(V+doing,doing做宾语) 1),Enjoy, finish, mind, can’t stand, be busy, keep(on), feel like, have fun/trouble/difficulty/problems in----, practice, finish, give up, consider, put off, suggest, miss imagine, can’t help be worth, avoid, miss, end up, allow, 2),Forgive, delay, escape, 2,V+sb +doing(doing做宾补),这类V有: 感官动词(包括find 和notice),there be, keep等 3,动词做主语应用动名词形式,且后面的谓语动词用单数 4,介词后如果接动词,应该用动名词形式。尤其注意一些含有介词的一些词组,eg,1)what/how about----? have fun/trouble/difficulty/problems in----, instead of, be good at=do well in, by+ doing sth, spend------(in) doing sth, feel like, get/be used to, prefer doing to doing, devote oneself to----致力于----,献身于---- 2) succeed in doing sth, be fond of, pay attention to, make a contribution to, devote oneself to--- , insist on,look forward to 5, 1)动名词做定语。放在名词前,说明该名词的功能或用途时,如swimming pool, living room, sleeping bag, hiding place等 2)现在分词做定语。放在名词的前面(单个的词),或后面(词组),表示正在进行的----- the sleeping boy the boy sitting under the tree 备注:动词的过去分词做定语表示被动或完成 表示被动,如:the poems written by Li Bai the money made by my parents 或表示完成,如,the developed countries the risen sun (表示完成) the developing countries the rising sun (表示正在进行)6,做定语或表语。V-ing用来修饰物,V-ed用来修饰人。这类动词有interste,surprise, excited等 7、The boy came into the classroom, singing pop songs.(表示伴随,做伴随状语) 二,to do sth 1,下列动词的后只能接to do做宾语(V+ to do) 1)want, would like, wish, hope, expect, help, learn, agree, manage, offer, plan=make a plan, promise, refuse, be+情感类adj+ to do sth, can’t wait, get/be ready to do, take turns, try/do one’s best , decide=make a decision, choose, fail, 2)pretend, afford, arrange, beg, care, demand, determine, fear, prepare, deserve, 2, 下列动词后常接to do 做宾补(V+sb +to do sth) allow, want, would like, ask, tell, encourage, expect, wish, get, help,warn 3, 动词不定时做主语常用形式主语it. It is adj for sb to do sth,(此结构中不能说sb is adj) It is adj of sb to do sth.(此结构中可以说sb is adj) 4,动词不定式表目的,做目的状语 He studies very hard to get better grades 有时候做结果状语,He is too young to go to school. 5,动词不定式做表语。My dream is to be a scientist. 6, 动词不定式做定语(中考不考) In linzhou, there are many mountains to climb.

非谓语的用法总结

非谓语的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的,表将来;动名词表主动,表进行;过去分词表被动,表完成。 一.作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1)不定式、动名词都可做主语,但是动名词 做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作,可以是多 次的经常的行为;不定式多表示具体的动 作,尤其是某一次的动作。如: Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。 (泛指玩火) To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2)用动名词做主语的句型: 2

It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪 费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆 水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值 得的。 3)不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较:表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如 considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/ rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good /careful/careless/impolite/right/wron g等单词出现时。 It is silly of you to say so. 3

英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、选择题 1.—I didn’t hear you come in just now. —That’s great. I tried ________ the baby up. A.no waking B.don’t wake C.to not wake D.not to wake 2.Smart phones ________ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. A.made B.are made C.to make D.making 3.WeChat has given up ________ in a popular emoji (表情) recently. The “soldier face” emoji doesn’t have a cigarette in his mouth anymore. A.smokes B.smoked C.to smoke D.smoking 4.People are advised to avoid ________ their eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands. A.touch B.touched C.touching D.to touch 5.Sally practices _________ the guitar very hard for the coming contest next month. A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play 6.________ the morning of May 15th, Zhurong rover (登陆车) landed on Mars. This means China has become the second country ________ a rover on Mars successfully. A.In; landing B.In; to land C.On; landing D.On; to land 7._______ up sales, many international companies plan to set up online shops. A.Push B.To push C.Pushing D.Having pushed 8.Dad always tells me not ________ just for tests. Or, I’ll lose interest in learning. A.study B.studies C.studying D.to study 9.—I hope to take the DIY course at weekends. —Good idea. ________ more about it, visit the website http://www. https://www.360docs.net/doc/7119332466.html,. please. A.Know B.To know C.Knowing D.To knowing 10.— Do you prefer _______ basketball with me? — No, I'd rather _______ at home and watch TV because of my aching feet. A.play; stay B.to play; to stay C.play; to stay D.to play; stay 11.My mother usually eats a little for supper________. She looks slimmer than before. A.to save money B.saving money C.to lose weight D.losing weight 12.As a teacher, I chose those classical songs I listened to ________ my students these days. A.relax B.relaxing C.to relax D.relaxed 13.Sallie rolls up her new trousers carefully _____ them from dust. A.protect B.protecting C.to protect D.to protecting 14.— Would you mind ________ in the hall? —Of course not. A.smoked B.don't smoke C.not smoking D.not to smoke 15.—Sandy, your mobile phone is ringing. —Wait a moment 1 It's dangerous ________ it while crossing the street. A.answer B.to answer C.answering D.answers 16.Our monitor suggested _________ an outing after the mid-term exam.

非谓语动词的用法

非谓语动词详析非谓语动词在句子中不作谓语,它包含动词不定式,动名词,分词。动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成,在句子中起名词,形容词或副词的作用。在句子中可以充当各种成分,有多种用法。Ⅰ、不定式完成式的用法:如果不定式所表示的动作在谓语动作发生之前,不定式要用完成式(to have done)。For example :I’m sorry not to have come on Wednesday .(我星期三没能来到,很抱歉)。不定式的完成式只用于下列情况:a、在seem(似乎),appear(显得),be supposed(被认为),be said(听说)等动词后,表示在更早时间发生的事。For example: He seems to have been ill.(他现在看起来好像生过一场病) b、be wish(想),hope(希望),desire(欲望),intend(打算),suppose(料想),think(想)等动词的“过去式+不定式的完成式”。表示没有实现的时间。For example: I wish ed to have helped you , but I had no money.(我本来愿意帮助你,但当时没有钱) He meant to have come to see you last night.(昨天晚上他本来有意来看你) Ⅱ、不定式的被动式及用法。当不定式的逻辑主语为不定式所表示动作的承受者时,就用不定式的被动式(to be done, to have been done). For example: I want the letter to be typed at once.(我要求这信马上打出来)It’s an honor for me to be invited to your house.(能被邀请到你们家是一种荣耀) Ⅲ、主动的不定式与被动的不定式的区别及用法1、通常,在不定式前能找到不定式所表达的动作的执行者时,此不定式用主动形式,每当不定式前不能找到所表达的动作的执行着时,此不定式用被动形式。I have work to do (不能说I have work to be done)我有工作要干(执行者:I)He is reading the report to be published tomorrow 他正在阅读那份明天要发表的报告。(publish前无执行者)2、在“there be”结构中,既可用主动式也可用被动式。Example: There is no time to lose(to be lost) 再也不能耽搁时间了。虽然在该结构中,作定语的不定式可以用主动形式,也可以用被动形式,但这两种形式还是有差别的。1、There are a number of problems to solve. 2、There are a number of problems to be solved. 例句1中用的是动词不定式的主动形式,不定式的逻辑主语可以从上下问中看出来。假设逻辑主语是we,那么例如1可以改写成:There are a number of problems that we must solve.例如2中的动词不定试是被动形式,可以改写成:There are a number of problems that must be solved.例句2中的不定式的逻辑主语从上下问看不出来。Ⅳ、不定式短语和动名词作主语的用法及区别不定式短语和动名词短语作主语时,可以用it做形式主语,使用“it+位于+作主语的不定式(动名词)短语”句型,主要区别是;不定式一般表示具体的行为动作,动名词往往抽表示抽象概念,表达某个一般的动作,或表示说话者的亲身经历。For example: Being polite is needed anytime and anywhere.任何时候在任何地点都需要有礼貌。Ⅴ、作插入语的独立不定式的用法独立不定式和动词不定式不动,与句中其他部分没有语法关系,只作插入语用,对全句进行解释,表示说话人的态度或起承上启下的作用,独立不定式无论位于何处,它必须用逗号与句子隔开,常用的独立不定式有:To begin with首先,to tell the truth老实说To be brief简而言之,to return to the subject言归正传To make matters worse更糟的是,to make a long story short 简言之等。Ⅵ、不带to 的不定式的用法,动词不定试有带to和不带to两中形式,以下几种情况不能带to. 1、在情态动词will, shall, would, should, can, could, may, might和must 之后,在would rather和had better之后,以及在作为主次的need, dare之后,不定式不带to. For example: I’d rather go alone.但愿自己去。2、当不定式作see, hear, overhear, listen to, feel, observe, look at 等感官动词的宾语补足语时不带to For example: I’ve never observed her do otherwise.(我从未看见她不是这样做的). 3、当不定式作make, let, leave, have, bid等使役动词以及find, help, know等动词的宾语补足语4、在某些习语和固定搭配中不定式不带to,常见的有:make believe假装,make do凑合,hear tell听说5、介词but, except, besides, save 等之前有动词do或do的其他形式以及can but(不得不)can not but(只得,只能),cannot help but(不得不) can not choose but(只好)等短语时,其它的不定式不带to. For example: I could not

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