非谓语动词作状语

非谓语动词作状语

非谓语动词作状语有四种用法:

1、动词不定式作目的状语;

2、动词现在分词和过去分词表示时间、条件方式让步或伴随的状况;

3、分词短语表示原因;

4、不定式或现在分词表示结果。

高考英语非谓语动词作状语的用法 知识点

分考点1 不定式作状语 Point 1 做目的状语,意为“为了”,可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。 To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard. 为了通过大学入学考试,我们必须努力学习。 Mike had to shout to make himself heard above the sound of the music. 麦克不得不大声说话,以便能在如此大的音乐下被别人听见。 【特别注意】也可用in order to 或so as to 表示目的,但so as to 不能用于句首。 The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. 公交车停下来以便搭载乘客。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一版公交车。 Point 2 作结果状语。常表示令人意外的结果。 Only/just to do 表示意想不到的结果 Enough to do 足够做... Too...to do 太...而不能..... So/such... as to...如此...以至于.... I went to see him last night only/ just to find him out. 我昨晚去找他。结果发现他出去了。(表示出乎意料的结果) Mary is too tired to do the job. 玛丽太累了,做不了这项工作。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。 Point 3 作原因状语。常用在表示情感或态度的sorry, surprised, disappointed, excited, glad,happy 等形容词后,常用结构为“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”。 Tom was very happy to see his mother. 汤姆看到她的妈妈很高兴。 I was surprised to find him here. 发现他在这里我很开心。 【特别注意】easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good 等形容词表示主语的特征或性质,后面接不定式作状语时,不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系,但常用主语形式表示被动意义。 English is easy to learn. 英语学起来很容易。 The book is very hard to understand. 这本书很难理解。 分考点2 分词作状语

非谓语动词作状语全解讲解

非谓语动词作状语全解 不定式和分词作状语的用法 一、不定式作状语可以作: 1. 主要用作目的状语。常与 in order to do (为了或 so as to do(以便连用。 so as to 不用于居首。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起为了赶上第一班车。 He sat down to have a rest.他坐下来休息。 He went to France to learn French。他去法国学习法语。 They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。 They stopped to ask the way. 他们停下来问路。 (停下来的目的 2.作结果状语。表示出乎意料的结果。做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾,常见的不定式动词有:to find, to hear, to see, to be told, to form, to give, to make, to produce 等。 He hurried to the station only to find the train gone. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站,发现火车已经开走了。 He woke up to find everybody gone. 他醒来发现大家都走了。 His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷,不能维持他的生活。 The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf. 这男孩个子不够高, 手伸不到书架。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。 He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。

非谓语动词作状语

Time permitting,I’ll go to see my teacher. (permit) 时间允许的话, 我将去看我的老师。 The teacher mixed three different liquids, finding that the mixture was red .(find)老师混合三种不同的液体,结果发现混合物呈现出红色。 Having been criticized by his classmates, he didn’t go to the Internet bar to play computer games any more.(criticize) 挨了同学的批评后,他不再去网吧玩游戏。 Being too young, Li Ming can’t join the party.(young) 由于年龄太小,李明不能入党。 Be careful when crossing the street.(cross)过街时小心。 Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.(receive) 没收到答复,他决定再写封信。 Looking at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.(look)当看同学们脸时,我在他们眼中看到了同样的兴奋。 The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by an earthquake in Yushu enabling the students to return to their classrooms(enable) 退休老人把他的大部分积蓄捐给了玉树地震毁掉的学校,让学生们能够重返教室。 It rained heavily in the south, causing serious flooding in several provinces.(cause)

英语——非谓语动词作状语考点

英语——非谓语动词作状语考点 在高中阶段非谓语动词既是同学们的学习重点,也是学习难点;同时又是历年高考中必考语法项目。而非谓语动词作状语又是考查的重中之重,故本文欲就其考点作以归纳,以期对同学们的复习起着抛砖引玉的作用。 一、考查非谓语动词作状语时的时态与语态 1.不定式作状语时的时态与语态。如果表示未来的动作,就用不定式的一般式,若与其逻辑主语构成主动关系,就用to do;构成被动关系就用to be done。如果与谓语动词所表示的动作(几乎)同时进行,并强调正在进行的情景或持续性,可用不定式的进行式既to be doing(常作原因状语)。如果不定式的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,用完成式,当非谓语动词与其逻辑主语构成主动关系,用主动式,即to have done(常作原因状语);构成被动关系,用被动式,即to have been done (常作原因状语)。 [高考链接] ①I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year. (05湖南) A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed ②I feel greatly honored ____ into their society. (08年北京) A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed ③You were silly not ____ your car. (04湖南) A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 【解析】①C。句意为“今天我先给你寄100美元,其余的钱一年内陆续寄过去。”由in a year可知,follow动作是未来之动作,故用不定式。②C。形容词honored后常用不定式作状语,welcome与句子的主语构成逻辑上的被动关系,故用to be welcomed③B。形容词silly后也常用不定式作状语,又因were silly是lock动作造成的影响,所以不定式用完成时。 2. 分词作状语时的时态与语态。如果现在分词所表达的动作与谓

非谓语作状语结构

非谓语作状语结构 非谓语动词,顾名思义就是不作谓语的动词 本质上也是由动词变过来的,但是为了区别它与动词,就在它的形式上与动词有区别。 非谓语动词有三种变形 to do 也就是不定式 doing 现在分词/动名词 done过去分词 按照大体的词性,可以分成三类, 动名词,不定式,分词(过去分词和现在分词) 非谓语在句中的作用就是做除谓语以外的其他句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,宾补,状语,定语,同位语。 非谓语作状语的知识如下: 状语,是用来修饰动词,形容词,副词以及句子的原因,方式,时间,地点,目的,程度,等等等。 非谓语只有分词和不定式可以作状语, (动名词不能做状语,顾名思义动名词,把动词变成名词的性质,那就相当于一个名词,名词是不能做状语的。一般常见做状语的是副词。) 先说不定式作状语 表原因,目的,结果 (谐音记忆:不(不定式)状(状语),因目果意思就是,为什么不说话,因为我的眼睛只

有苹果) 〔1〕不定式作原因状语 关键点是:基本结构中的主系表,表语是有表示心情状态形容词充当,如:开心,伤心…… 例:I am so happy to see you. 因为见到你我很高兴 〔2〕不定式作目的状语 这个不用我说,大家一看到不定式,最开始想的就是目的状语 例:I study hard to server people well. 我努力学习是为了更好地服务人民。 〔3〕不定式作结果状语 关键点:意料之外的结果 例:I hurried to school, only to find the gate locked. 我急急忙忙去学校,结果发现门锁了。 分词作状语〔主动用doing,被动用done〕 表原因,条件,时间,让步,方式,伴随,结果。〔谐音巧记:因挑食(时间)让柿(方式)拌着果〕 〔1〕分词作原因状语 例:Being ill, he didn't go to school. 因为生病了,他没去学校。 主语是he,他与ill的关系是他生病,主动,用现在分词。 〔2〕分词作条件状语

非谓语动词作状语

非谓语动词作状语 我在讲非谓语动词作状语时首先让学生弄清楚什么是非谓语,非谓语包括现在分词,动名词,动词的过去分词以及动词不定式。然后告诉学生“非谓语动词作状语,非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语”这一知识点。重点是让学生掌握现在分词、过去分词与动词不定式作状语的区别。 现在分词作状语所表示的动作与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即表主动。现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生;现在分词的完成时(having done)表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前。Eg. He left the key in the office, making himself out of the room. 过去分词作状语,过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即表被动。过去分词所表示的动作往往发生于句子谓语动词所表示的动作之前,或表示“一种状态”,与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或存在。 Eg. Caught in the rain, she was all wet. 比较下面两个句子: Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like

a big garden.从山上看,你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。 (see与句子的主语you是主谓关系) Seen from the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 从山上看,这座城市就像一个大花园(see 与句子的主语the city 是动宾关系) 过去分词与现在分词的完成被动式(having been done)作状语时,都具有被动意义,有时可以互换,但是having been done 结构强调动作先于句子的谓语动作。 动词不定式作状语,通常表示动作尚未发生或发生在句子谓语动词动作之后。 Eg. To catch the first bus, she gets up early. 让我们看看下面三个高考题: 1.(2014 江苏)The lecture___, a lively question-and-answer session followed. A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given 【解析】D。lecture 与give之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动形式,且根据句意可知,讲座发生在主语谓语动作之前,因此选择D。

高考语法复习之非谓语动词做状语及与状语从句的相互转化与语法填空的应用

非谓语动词作状语 高考对非谓语动词作状语的考查多与对动词其他形式的考查同时进行主要包括以下几个方面的内容:1.不定式作状语; 2.-ing分词作状语; 3.-ed分词作状语。 一、不定式结构作状语 不定式结构作状语通常有以下几种情况: 1、目的状语(分词一般不能作目的状语) He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly . To catch the train ,she hurried through her work 注:表目的的不定式还常与so as或in order连用,构成so as (not) to do和in order (not) to do 结构,其中so as (not) to do 不能用于句首。 To get there in time, we got up very early. = In order to get there in time, we got up very early. = We got up very early (in order/so as) to get there in time. 2、原因状语 不定式结构作原因状语常用在作表语用的形容词后。 I’m sorry to hear that . We’re proud to b e young people of China . We are glad to hear the news. 3、结果状语 不定式结构作结果状语,有时表示未曾预料到的、或令人不快的结果。(常和only连用)。 He ran all the way to the station ,only to find the train had left . ★而现在分词作结果状语常常是可以预料的结果,是伴随谓语动词而产生的自然结果The police opened fire ,killing the robber . He died ,leaving his wife with five children . 4. 有时,不定式还可修饰一个句子,表明说话人的态度。 to tell you the truth, to be honest, to be frank, to be fair, to make things/matters worse等。 To tell you the truth, I don't like the film. ★高考真题检测: 1、________ late in the after noon ,Bob turned off the alarm . A .To sleep B .sleeping C .sleep D .Having slept 2、You were silly not ________your car . A .to lock B .to have locked C .locking D .having locked 3、The news reporters hurried to the airport ,only ________ the film stars had left . A .to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told 4. Good-bye, Mr Jones. I’m pleased __________. A. for meeting you B. to meet you C. to have been meeting you D. to have met you 5 Tom is waiting __________ the doctor. A. to see B. for to see C. for seeing D. for see 6. I went to see him __________ him out. A. finding B. find C. only to find D. only found 7. __________, I don’t like her sister. A. Telling the truth B. Been told the truth C. To tell the truth D. To tell the true

高考英语之非谓语动词作状语

高考英语之非谓语动词作状语 高考英语的状语在句中主要修饰动词,形容词和句子,非谓语作状语常表:目的,时间,条件,结果,伴随,原因,让步,方式等。下面为大家作进一步 讲解。 1.to do 作状语,常表目的状语,结果状语,原因状语。 (1)表目的,译为“为了“ 例如: ——Iget some money from the bank to buy you a gift. 我从银行取了些钱,为了给你买份礼物。 ——To be admitted into a key university, he buried himself into study. 为了被重点大学录取,他专心致志于学习。 解析:to do 放句首,表强调。 另外:in order to , so as to 也表目的状语。So as to 不放句首。 (2)表结果,常使用only/just to do, 却…,表意料之外的不良后果。 so/such ……as to do如此……以至于, ……enough to do,足够, too……to太……而不能……结构。 例如: ——She is such a lazy girl as not to pass the exam. 她是如此懒一个女孩,(以至于)没有及格。 解析:so 用法为So + adj. +a/an +n. 。 such用法为such + a/an +adj. + n. 。too 后用法与so相同。Enough 前常用adj. 和adv. 。 注:n. 表名词。 adj.表形容词。adv. 表副词。 ——She hurried to the station , only to be told the train had left. 她匆忙赶到车站,却被告知,火车已经离开了。 解析:only to do ,表意料之外的事,此处told 与she 之间为被动关系。 (3)作原因状语,常用在表情感,态度等形容词后。例如:happy, surprised ,sorry 等。 例如:

非谓语做状语的句子特征

非谓语做状语的句子特征 非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(-ing)、现在分词(-ing)与过去分词(-ed)。它们不受主语人称和数的限制, 动词不定式 定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语。 1. 不定式的一般式:一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式(to be done). eg: He seemed to be tired. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers. 2. 不定式的进行式:进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语的动作同时发生。 e.g. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world. 3. 不定式的完成式:如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前,就用完成式;若是在此基础上的被动含义,就用完成被动式( to have been done). e.g. He is said to have written a novel about the Long March. He is said to have been taught French when he was a child. 4. 不定式的完成进行式:如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作,就要用完成进行式. eg: We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month. 二、不定式的用法: 1. 不定式做主语:不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。而动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。 1)不定式作主语时,谓语用单数To do such things is foolish. 2)主系表结构To see is to believe.

非谓语动词作状语教案

非谓语动词作状语教案 非谓语动词是指不具备谓语功能的动词形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词作状语的主要作用是修饰动词、形容词 或副词,起到进一步说明、解释、限定或补充的作用。本教案将介 绍非谓语动词作状语的用法和注意事项。 一、动词不定式作状语 1. 动词不定式作目的状语: - 例句:She went to the library to study. - 解释:不定式短语“to study”作状语,表示目的。 2. 动词不定式作结果状语: - 例句:He ran fast to catch the bus. - 解释:不定式短语“to catch the bus”作状语,表示结果。 3. 动词不定式作原因状语: - 例句:He woke up early to have enough time for breakfast.

- 解释:不定式短语“to have enough time for breakfast”作状语,表示原因。 二、动名词作状语 1. 动名词作时间状语: - 例句:I enjoy swimming in the morning. - 解释:动名词短语“swimming in the morning”作状语,表示时间。 2. 动名词作原因状语: - 例句:She failed the exam due to not studying enough. - 解释:动名词短语“not studying enough”作状语,表示原因。 三、分词作状语 1. 现在分词作时间状语: - 例句:Walking along the street, she noticed a bookstore. - 解释:现在分词短语“Walking along the street”作状语,表示时间。

非谓语动词做状语

非谓语动词做状语 非谓语动词作为状语是指在句子中不能作谓语,但可以做状语的动词形式。它可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语,可以提供句子里的信息,使句子充实而生动。 一、非谓语动词作时间状语 1.由过去分词组成的状语 过去分词表示过去发生的动作,常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中,作时间状语,突出主句动作应该在过去发生。如: He left without saying goodbye, leaving me standing there alone. 他没有说再见就走了,留下我独自站在那里。 2.由现在分词组成的状语 现在分词表示正在进行的动作,常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中,作时间状语,突出主句动作应该正在进行。如: She comes to visit us every week, bringing us some nice food. 她每周都会来看望我们,并带来一些美食。 3.由having done 组成的状语

having done 表示过去已经完成的动作,常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中,作时间状语,突出 主句动作应该在过去完成的动作之后发生。如: Having finished the exam, he went home and had a good rest. 考试结束之后,他回家好好休息了。 二、非谓语动词作原因状语 由because of,due to,owing to,thanks to等引导,接名词或动词不定式,作原因状语,表示主句动作的 原因。如: Because of the heavy rain, we had to cancel our picnic. 由于下雨,我们不得不取消野餐了。 三、非谓语动词作条件状语 由if,unless,in case,on condition that,provided (that),supposing (that)等引导,接动词不定式,作条件状语,表示“假设”的意思,表示主句动作的 前提,即要想主句动作成立,必须满足什么条件。如:If you work hard, you will make great progress. 如果你努力工作,你会取得很大的进步。 四、非谓语动词作让步状语

非谓语动词作状语用法详解

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非谓语动词作状语

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非谓语动词作状语

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