2014年职称英语综合B真题
2014年职称英语等级考试真题（综合类B级）
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1．Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down.
A．excitement B．anger C．calm D．disappointment 2．The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A．copy B．furnish C．publish D．summarize
3．The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
A．hidden B．inflexible C．traditional D．official
4．He led a very moral life.
D．natural
5．
D．wealthy
6．
D．rather special
7．
D．oppose
8．
D．results
9．
D．opportunity
10．
D．imagine
11．
D．fixed
12．
D．model
13．
D．commercial
14．
A．started B．changed C．moved D．lasted
15．His stomach felt hollow with fear.
A．empty B．sincere C．respectful D．terrible
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
The Most Wonderful Islands
The Palm Islands are the largest artificial islands in the world and are under construction in Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates. They are being developed as tourist, leisure, and residential resorts, and will increase the coastline of the country by 120 kilometres.
After four years of planning and careful consideration of the environmental issues, construction started in 2001. Dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea were employed in the building of the first two islands. The site for all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep. Sand is taken from the seabed and sprayed into the construction site. Although the shallow water facilitates this process, the islands are still very exposed to the currents and tidal movements of the sea. Rocks are used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent (月状的) structure. This acts as a breakwater and protects the islands from the sea.
The first two islands are in the shape of date palm trees and consist of a trunk and 17 frond, or leaves coming off the trunk. The first island, named Palm Jumeirah, has three five-star hotels in the trunk, and luxury homes in the leaves. It is astonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004, they were all sold within three days.
The second palm, Jebel Ali, was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre. Six marinas (小游艇船坞) are planned, with a water theme park, and homes built on stilts (桩柱) in the water.
The Palm Deira planned to be the largest of the three islands, with a length of 14 km and a width of 8.5 km, an area larger than the city of Paris. It will consist of residential properties, marinas, shopping malls, sports facilities, and clubs. These will be open to both residents and tourists.
More artificial islands, the World Islands, are now being constructed near the Palm Jumeirah. They consist of 300 private islands grouped into the shape of the continents of the world and will be used for estates, private homes, community islands, and resorts.
Unquestionably, these artificial islands are one of the wonders of the modern world. They will also maintain Dubai’s status as one of the leading tourist destinations in the region.
16．Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17．The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18．Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19．All the luxury homes on Palm Jumeirah were sold.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20．The water theme park in Jebei All will attract more tourists.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21．The Palm Deira will be the same size as Paris.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22．The World Islands are bigger than the Palm Jumeirah.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 The Storyteller
1 Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen. And that’s what he has always been about. The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona. From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.
2 Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits. He believes that E.T. is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parent’s 1966 divorce, “It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“He was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, Leah Adler. “When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed. And that’s just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist.”
3 Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dad’s movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War ΙΙ battles. Spielberg’s talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends. On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention. “Steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says Richard Y . Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.”
4 Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated. Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood. Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship (实习) in Hollywood. Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back.
5Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent. “The process for me is mostly intuitive (凭直觉的),” that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it. And 续集
) to Jurassic Park.”
23．24．25．Paragraph 3 ____E ____ 26．Paragraph 4 ____D ____
27．Some of Spielberg ’s most successful movies came from ____E ____
28．When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of ____A ____
29．Spielberg is very good at ____B ____
30．Spielberg says he makes movies for ____C____
A．almost everything
B．telling scary stories
C．a number of reasons
D．making children laugh
E．his childhood memories
F．a lot of money
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇Approaches to Understanding Intelligences
It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way. You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.
Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligence. Some believe there is one general intelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences.
Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests. These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.
Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence. The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.
Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be t ested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling. He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.
Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, when one part of the Brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic.
31．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．How to understand intelligence.
B．The importance of intelligence.
C．The development of intelligence tests.
D．How to become intelligent.
32．Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?
A．Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.
B．People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.
C．Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.
D．Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.
33．Gardner believes that ________.
A．children have different intelligences.
B．all children are alike.
C．children should take one intelligence test.
D．there is no general intelligence.
34．According to Gardner, schools should ________.
A．test students’ IQs.
B．train students who do poorly on tests.
C．focus on finding the most intelligent students.
D．promote development of all intelligences.
35．Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________.
A．musical foundation.
B．biological foundation.
C．intrapersonal foundation.
D．linguistic foundation.
第二篇The Making of Success Story
IKEA is the world's largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business一IKEA.
IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up ('E' and 'A'). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture1, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kamprad's wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices2, including watches, pens and stockings.
IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad's home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.
In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture in attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelming: people loved being able to see and try the furniture
before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.
In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea: flat packaging3. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.
Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the world's richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retired from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.
36．Kamprad established IKEA with ________.
A．his personal savings
B．his father’s reward for his school performance
C．large profits from selling things
D．his school’s support
37．The author states in Paragraph 5 that flat packaging ________.
A．needs large space to assembly fumiture
B．is a business concept inspired by Kamprad
C．helps reduce transportation costs
D．makes the company self-sufficient
38．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A．IKEA experienced rapid expansion since the late 1950s.
B．IKEA designed its own products since 1955.
C．Kamprad sold his company after retired.
D．IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods.
39．What is the author’s attitude towards IKEA’s future according to the last paragraph?
A．indifferent
B．Optimistic
C．Doubtful
D．Pessimistic
40．The passage is developed primarily in terms of ________.
A．sequence of events
B．analysis of a process
C．examples that illustrate a problem
D．comparison and contrast
第三篇The Worker’s Role in Management
Traditionally, it has been the worker's role to worker and management's role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm's operation with little thought consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the worker's opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.
At most, companies have provided "suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and many be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs, often with no warning. At least 90 days’ notice oug ht to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvement, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive, they must be given a share in the company's profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans, bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.
41．It can be inferred from the passage 1 that managers ________.
A．were not qualified
B．disliked “suggestion boxes”
C．seldom obtained worker’s opinions
D．never consulted the labor force
42．In recent years, many management specialists have been arguing that workers ________.
A．are no longer sellers of the products
B．are less affected by company decisions than before
C．are able to make final decisions for the company
D．should have a way in management of the company
43．The word “rank and file” paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．ordinary
B．senior
C．intelligent
D．capable
44．According to the passage, what happened between 1980 and 1985?
A．Managers consulted workers before closing a plant.
B．Workers did not make necessary concessions
C．About five million workers were laid off without advance notice.
D．Many companies were closed because of strikes.
45．If not given a voice in managerial decision making workers ________.
A．cannot get a share in the company’s profits
B．can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity
C．may lack the incentive to increase their productivity
D．will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant.
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
The Day a Language Died
When Carlos Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Carlos Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear various songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s. Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. __F__ (46). They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.
We are all aware of the danger that modern industry can do to the world’s ecology (生态). However, few people are aware of the impact that widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well. __D__ (47). When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few people die out.
Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples. Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopian will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. __C__ (48). In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, also are dying out.
Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. __A__ (49). The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.
What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant, insect, or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what we’ve lost and to appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural world. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder Cloud, must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. __B__ (50).
A．However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carolina, where he learned the language.
B．For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.
C．Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction (灭绝).
D．As these languages become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increases. E．These languages don’t have many native speakers.
F．Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.
第6部分：完形填空（第52～65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Public Relations
releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image.
of
the consulting top
the public relations
may be less than that (56) provided
overtones for the company
should not be divorced from
a useful adjunct to the regular advertising. Furthermore
(60)
opportunities. Many factors impact on the public image. Many of these have to do with the way the firm (65)
2016年职称英语理工A试题参考和答案.
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